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Integrative Zoology 2014年第4期9卷 531-541页

作者： Jérémie BARDIN Isabelle ROUGET Margaret Mary YACOBUCCI Fabrizio CECCA sorbonne university Pierre-and-Marie-Curie University(UPMC-P6)ParisFrance National Museum of Natural History(MNHN) ParisFrance The National Center for Scientific Research(CNRS) ParisFrance Department of Geology Bowling Green State UniversityBowling GreenOhioUSA

Since the introduction of the cladistic method in systematics,continuous characters have been integrated into analyses but no methods for their treatment have received unanimous *** methods require a large number of character states to discretise continuous characters in order to keep the maximum level of information about taxa differences within the coding *** objective was to assess the impact of increasing the character state number on the outcomes of phylogenetic *** of a variety of simulated datasets shows that these methods for coding continuous characters can lead to the generation of well-resolved trees that do not reflect a phylogenetic *** call this phenomenon the flattening of the tree-length distribution;it is influenced by both the relative quantity of continuous characters in relation to discrete characters,and the number of characters in relation to the number of *** tests provide a method to avoid this potential bias.

关键词： cladistics continuous character gap weighting phylogeny

Anatomy of a eustatic event during the Turonian (Late Cretaceous) hot greenhouse climate

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Science China Earth Sciences 2017年第1期60卷 20-29页

作者： Bilal U. HAQ Brian T. HUBER Department of Paleobiology MRC-121Smithsonian InstitutionWashington D C 20013USA sorbonne ISTEP Pierre&Marie Curie UniversityParis 75005France

Sequence stratigraphic studies consider relative change in sea level(as regulated by eustasy,local tectonics and sediment supply)as the main builder of the stratigraphic *** has generally been considered as a consequence of the growth and decay of continental ice sheets that would explain large,rapid changes in sea level,even during periods of relative global climatic ***,such a mechanism has become increasingly difficult to envision during times of extreme global warmth such as the Turonian,when the equator-to-pole temperature gradient was very low and the presence of polar ice seems *** paper investigates the timing and extent of sea level falls during the late Cenomanian through Turonian,especially the largest of those events,sequence boundary KTu4,which occurred during the middle to late Turonian peak of the Cretaceous hot greenhouse *** conclude that the amplitude of the widespread third-order sea level fall in the middle Turonian that is centered at^91.8 Ma varies at different locations depending on the influence of dynamic topography on local tectonics and regional climatic *** volume variations seem unlikely as a mechanism for controlling sea level at this ***,this causal factor cannot be ruled out completely since Antarctic highlands(if they existed in the Late Cretaceous)could sequester enough water as ice to cause eustatic *** ascertain this requires detailed tomographic imaging of Antarctica,followed by geodynamic modeling,to determine whether high plateaus could have existed to accumulate ephemeral ice *** mechanisms for sea level change,such as transference between ground water(a small amplitude shorter time scale effect)and the ocean and entrainment and release of water from the mantle to the oceanic reservoir(a potentially large amplitude and longer time scale process),are intriguing and need to be explored further to prove their efficacy at third-order time scales.

关键词： Eustatic event Turonian Hot greenhouse climate

Nonlinear Korn Inequalities on a Hypersurface

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Chinese Annals of Mathematics,Series B 2018年第3期39卷 513-534页

作者： Maria MALIN Cristinel MARDARE Department of Mathematics University of CraiovaCraiova200585Romania sorbonne Universite CNRSLaboratoire Jacques-Louis LionsLHLLF-75005ParisFrance

The authors establish several estimates showing that the distance in W^(1,p),1 < p < ∞,between two immersions from a domain of R^n into R^(n+1) is bounded by the distance in L^p between two matrix fields defined in t... 详细信息

The authors establish several estimates showing that the distance in W^(1,p),1 1) is bounded by the distance in L^p between two matrix fields defined in terms of the first two fundamental forms associated with each immersion. These estimates generalize previous estimates obtained by the authors and P. G. Ciarlet and weaken the assumptions on the fundamental forms at the expense of replacing them by two different matrix fields.

关键词： Differential geometry Hypersurface Nonlinear shell theory

TWIP-assisted Zr alloys for medical applications:Design strategy,mechanical properties and first biocompatibility assessment

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2024年第17期184卷 32-42页

作者： Junhui Tang Hongtao Yang Bingnan Qian Yufeng Zheng Philippe Vermaut Frédéric Prima Fan Sun Chimie parisTech CNRS-UMR8247Institut de Recherche de Chimie ParisPSL Research UniversityParis 75005France School of Materials Science and Engineering Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China School of Engineering Medicine Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China sorbonne university UPMC University ParisUFR926Paris 75005France

This study proposes a novel strategy for the design of a new family of metastable Zr *** al-loys offer improved mechanical properties for implants,particularly in applications where conventional stainless steels and Co-Cr alloys are currently used but lack *** design approach is based on the controlled twinning-induced plasticity(TWIP)effect,significantly enhancing the ductility and strain-hardenability of the Zr *** order to draw a“blueprint”for the compositional design of biomedical T WIP(Bio-T WIP)Zr alloys-using only non-toxic elements,the study combines D-electron phase stability calculations(specifically bond order(Bo)and mean d-orbital energy(Md))with a systematic experimental screening of active deformation mechanisms within the Zr-Nb-Sn alloy *** research aids in ac-curately identifying the TWIP line,which signifies the mechanism shift between TWIP and classic slip as the primary deformation *** demonstrate the efficacy of the TWIP mechanism in enhancing mechanical properties,Zr-12Nb-2Sn,Zr-13Nb-1Sn,and Zr-14Nb-3Sn alloys are *** indicate that the TWIP mechanism leads to a significant improvement of strain-hardening rate and a uniform elongation of∼20%in Zr-12Nb-2Sn,which displays both{332}113>mechanical twinning and disloca-tion slip as the primary deformation ***,Zr-14Nb-3Sn exhibits the typical mechan-ical properties found in stable body-centered cubic(BCC)alloys,characterized by the sole occurrence of dislocation *** viability tests confirm the superior biocompatibility of Zr-Nb-based alloys with deformation twins on the surface,in line with existing *** on the whole set of results,a comprehensive design diagram is proposed.

关键词： Zr alloys Strain-hardening Twinning-induced plasticity(TWIP) Bo-Md diagram Biocompatibility Biomedical materials

Gossip in the gut: Quorum sensing, a new player in the hostmicrobiota interactions

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第42期27卷 7247-7270页

作者： Garance Coquant Doriane Aguanno Sandrine Pham Nathan Grellier Sophie Thenet Véronique Carrière Jean-Pierre Grill Philippe Seksik Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine INSERMSorbonne UniversitéParis 75012France EPHE PSL UniversityParis 75014France Department of Gastroenterology and Nutrition Saint-Antoine HospitalAPHPParis 75012France

Bacteria are known to communicate with each other and regulate their activities in social networks by secreting and sensing signaling molecules called autoinducers,a process known as quorum sensing(QS).This is a growing area of research in which we are expanding our understanding of how bacteria collectively modify their behavior but are also involved in the crosstalk between the host and gut *** is particularly relevant in the case of pathologies associated with dysbiosis or disorders of the intestinal *** review will examine the different QS systems and the evidence for their presence in the intestinal *** will also provide clues on the role of QS molecules that may exert,directly or indirectly through their bacterial gossip,an influence on intestinal epithelial barrier function,intestinal inflammation,and intestinal *** review aims to provide evidence on the role of QS molecules in gut physiology and the potential shared by this new *** understanding the impact of intestinal bacterial social networks and ultimately developing new therapeutic strategies to control intestinal disorders remains a challenge that needs to be addressed in the future.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Quorum sensing Gut microbiota Dysbiosis Inflammation Intestinal barrier

Elusive workers are more likely to differentiate into replacement reproductives than aggressive workers in a lower termite

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Current Zoology 2023年第3期69卷 332-338页

作者： Zhuang-Dong Bai Chong-Yang Shi David Sillam-Dusses Rui-Wu Wang School of Ecology and Environment Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an 710072China Laboratory of Experimental and Comparative Ethology LEECUR 4443University Sorbonne Paris NordVilletaneuseFrance

One of the most intriguing questions in eusocial insects is to understand how the overt reproductive conflict in the colony appears limited when queens or kings are senescent or lost because the morphologically similar individuals in the colony are reproductively *** there are some individuals who preferentially differentiate into replacement reproductives or not has received little *** consistent individual behavioral differences(also termed“animal personality”)of individuals from the colony can shape cunningly their task and consequently affect the colony fitness but have been rarely investigated in eusocial ***,we used the termite Reticulitermes labralis to investigate if variations in individual personalities(elusiveness and aggressiveness)may predict which individuals will perform reproductive differentiation within *** observed that when we separately reared elusive and aggressive workers,elusive workers differentiate into reproductives significantly earlier than aggressive *** we reared them together in the proportions 12:3,10:5,and 8:7(aggressive workers:elusive workers),the first reproductives mostly differentiated from the elusive workers,and the reproductives differentiated from the elusive workers significantly earlier than from aggressive ***,we found that the number of workers participating in reproductive differentiation was significantly lower in the groups of both types of workers than in groups containing only elusive *** results demonstrate that the elusiveness trait was a strong predictor of workers’differentiation into replacement reproductives in ***,our results suggest that individual personalities within the insect society could play a key role in resolving the overt reproductive conflict.

关键词： consistent individual behavioral differences reproductive conflict reproductive differentiation,Reticulitermes labralis termite

Containment measures for emerging and re-emerging vector-borne and other infectious diseases of poverty in urban settings:a scoping review

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2018年第1期7卷 976-991页

作者： Laurence Campeau Stephanie Degroote Valery Ridde Mabel Carabali Kate Zinszer university of Montreal Public Health Research Institute(IRSPUM) MontrealQuebecCanada French Institute For Research on sustainable Development(IRD) IRD-Paris Descartes University(CEPED)Paris Sorbonne Cites UniversityErl Inserm SagesudParisFrance McGill university MontrealQuebecCanada

Background:The emergence and re-emergence of vector-borne and other infectious diseases of poverty pose a threat to the health of populations living in urban and low-income settings.A detailed understanding of intervention strategies,including effectiveness of past outbreak containment,is necessary to improve future *** objective was to determine what is known about the effectiveness of containment measures for emerging and re-emerging vector-borne and other infectious diseases of poverty in urban settings and identify research gaps and implications for public health *** body:We conducted a scoping review and systematically searched peer-reviewed and grey literature published between 2000 and *** data extraction tools were used for data coding and extraction,and data on implementation process and transferability were extracted from all studies.A quality assessment was conducted for each included *** screened 205 full-text articles and reports for a total of 31 articles included in the *** quality of the studies was generally low to *** largest body of evidence concerned control activities for Ebola virus and dengue *** majority of interventions(87%)relied on multiple types of measures,which were grouped into four categories:1)healthcare provision;2)epidemiological investigation and/or surveillance;3)environmental or sanitary interventions;and 4)community-based *** quality of the majority of studies(90%)was poor or moderate,and one-third of the studies did not provide a clear description of the outcomes and of the procedures and/or tools used for the ***:Our results highlight the difficulty of establishing causation when assessing the effect of containment *** that extend beyond solely reporting on effectiveness and take into account the complexity of real-world settings are urgently *** recommend the allocation of research efforts to the evaluation of the

关键词： Vector-borne diseases Containment measures Interventions Urban health Scoping review

Assessment of liver ablation using cone beam computed tomography

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第2期21卷 517-524页

作者： Mohamed Abdel-Rehim Maxime Ronot Annie Sibert Valérie Vilgrain Department of Radiology APHPUniversity Hospitals Paris Nord Val de Seine92110 ClichyFrance university paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité75012 ParisFrance INSERM U1149 Centre de Recherche Biomédicale Bichat-BeaujonCRB375018 ParisFrance

AIM: To investigate the feasibility and accuracy of cone beam computed tomography(CBCT) in assessing the ablation zone after liver tumor ***: Twenty-three patients(17 men and 6 women, range: 45-85 years old, mean age 65 years) with malignant liver tumors underwent ultrasoundguided percutaneous tumor ablation [radiofrequency(n = 14), microwave(n = 9)] followed by intravenous contrast-enhanced CBCT. Baseline multidetector computed tomography(MDCT) and peri-procedural CBCT images were compared. CBCT image quality was assessed as poor, good, or excellent. Image fusion was performed to assess tumor coverage, and quality of fusion was rated as bad, good, or excellent. Ablation zone volumes on peri-procedural CBCT and post-procedural MDCT were compared using the nonparametric paired Wilcoxon ***: Rate of primary ablation effectiveness was 100%. There were no complications related to ablation. Local tumor recurrence and new liver tumors were found 3 mo after initial treatment in one patient(4%). The ablation zone was identified in 21/23(91.3%) patients on CBCT. The fusion of baseline MDCT and peri-procedural CBCT images was feasible in all patients and showed satisfactory tumor coverage(at least 5-mm margin). CBCT image quality was poor, good, and excellent in 2(9%), 8(35%), and 13(56%), patients respectively. Registration quality between periprocedural CBCT and post-procedural MDCT images was good to excellent in 17/23(74%) patients. The median ablation volume on peri-procedural CBCT and post-procedural MDCT was 30 cm3(range: 4-95 cm3) and 30 cm3(range: 4-124 cm3), respectively(P-value > 0.2). There was a good correlation(r = 0.79) between the volumes of the two techniques. CONCLUSION: Contrast-enhanced CBCT after tumor ablation of the liver allows early assessment of the ablation zone.

关键词： Ablation Cone beam computed tomography Liver Malig

A level line of the Gaussian free field with measure-valued boundary conditions

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Science China Mathematics 2024年第2期67卷 367-404页

作者： Titus Lupu Hao Wu Laboratoire de Probabilités Statistique et ModélisationSorbonne Universitéand UniversitéParis CitéCNRSParis F-75005France Yau Mathematical Sciences Center Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

In this article, we construct samples of Schramm-Loewner-evolution-like curves out of samples ofthe conformal loop ensemble and Poisson point processes of Brownian excursions. We show that the laws of thesecurves depend continuously on the intensity measure of the Brownian excursions. Using such a construction ofcurves, we extend the notion of level lines of the Gaussian free field to the case where the boundary conditionis measure-valued.

关键词： Schramm-Loewner evolution conformal loop ensemble Brownian excursion Gaussian free field

Converting antimicrobial into targeting peptides reveals key features governing protein import into mitochondria and chloroplasts

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Plant Communications 2023年第4期4卷 99-116页

作者： Oliver D.Caspari Clotilde Garrido Chris OLaw Yves Choquet Francis-Andre´Wollman Ingrid Lafontaine UMR7141(CNRS/sorbonne Universite´) Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique13 Rue Pierre et Marie Curie75005 ParisFrance Centre for Microscopy and Cellular Imaging Biology Department Loyola Campus of Concordia University7141 Sherbrooke W.Montre´alQC H4B 1R6Canada Present address:Department of Microbiology Institut Pasteur28 Rue Docteur Roux75015 ParisFrance Present address:UMR7238(CNRS/sorbonne Universite´) Institut de Biologie Paris-SeineSorbonne Jussieu 7-9 quai Saint Bernard75005 ParisFrance

We asked what peptide features govern targeting to the mitochondria versus the chloroplast,using antimicrobial peptides as a starting *** approach was inspired by the endosymbiotic hypothesis that organelle-targeting peptides derive from antimicrobial amphipathic peptides delivered by the host cell,to which organelle progenitors became *** explore the molecular changes required to convert antimicrobial into targeting peptides,we expressed a set of 13 antimicrobial peptides in Chlamydomonas *** were systematically modified to test distinctive features of mitochondrion-and chloroplast-targeting peptides,and we assessed their targeting potential by following the intracellular localization and maturation of a Venus fluorescent reporter used as a cargo *** targeting can be achieved by some unmodified antimicrobial peptide *** to both organelles is improved by replacing lysines with *** targeting is enabled by the presence of flanking unstructured sequences,additional constraints consistent with chloroplast endosymbiosis having occurred in a cell that already contained *** indeed targeting peptides evolved from antimicrobial peptides,then required modifications imply a temporal evolutionary scenario with an early exchange of cationic residues and a late acquisition of chloroplast-specific motifs.

关键词： antimicrobial peptide Chlamydomonas reinhardtii endosymbiotic organellogenesis presequence targeting peptide transit peptide