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Towards hydrometeorological thresholds of reservoir-induced landslide from subsurface strain observations

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2024年第6期67卷 1907-1922页

作者： YE Xiao ZHU HongHu WANG Jia ZHENG WanJi ZHANG Wei SCHENATO Luca PASUTO Alessandro CATANI Filippo School of Earth Sciences and Engineering Nanjing UniversityNanjing210023China Department of Geosciences University of PadovaPadova35131Italy School of Geosciences and Info-Physics Central South UniversityChangsha410083China Department of Information Engineering University of PadovaPadova35131Italy National Research Council-Research Institute for Geo-Hydrological Protection(CNR-IRPI) Padova35127Italy

Synergistic multi-factor early warning of large-scale landslides is a crucial component of geohazard prevention and mitigation efforts in reservoir *** forecasting and early warning based on surface displacements have been widely ***,the lack of direct subsurface real-time observations limits our ability to predict critical hydrometeorological conditions that trigger landslide *** this paper,we leverage subsurface strain data measured by high-resolution fiber optic sensing nerves that were installed in a giant reservoir landslide in the Three Gorges Reservoir(TGR)region,China,spanning a whole hydrologic year since February *** spatiotemporal strain profile has preliminarily identified the slip zones and potential drivers,indicating that high-intensity short-duration rainstorms controlled the landslide kinematics from an observation *** the time lag effect,we reexamined and quantified potential controls of accelerated movements using a data-driven approach,which reveals immediate response of landslide deformation to extreme rainfall with a zero-day *** identify critical hydrometeorological rules in accelerated movements,accounting for the dual effect of rainfall and reservoir water level variations,we thus construct a landslide prediction model that relies upon the boosting decision tree(BDT)algorithm using a dataset comprising daily rainfall,rainfall intensity,reservoir water level,water level fluctuations,and slip zone strain time *** results indicate that landslide acceleration is most likely to occur under the conditions of mid-low water levels(i.e.,57.9 mm and rainfall intensity>24.4 mm/h).Moreover,this prediction model allows us to update hydrometeorological thresholds by incorporating the latest monitoring *** on the shoulder of this landslide case,our study informs a practical and reliable path

关键词： slow-moving landslide fiber-optic monitoring subsurface strain hydrometeorological threshold extreme weather

Biodegradability of bioplastics in different aquatic environments:A systematic review

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第8期142卷 169-181页

作者： Maria Cristina Lavagnolo Valentina Poli Anna Maria Zampini Valentina Grossule Department of Civil Environmental and Architectural Engineering-Laboratory of Environmental EngineeringUniversity of PadovaLungargine Rovetta 8Padova 35100Italy

Bioplastics were first introduced as environmentally friendly materials,with properties similar to those of conventional plastics.A bioplastic is defined as biodegradable if it can be decomposed into carbon dioxide under aerobic degradation,or methane and CO_(2)under anaerobic conditions,inorganic compounds,and new cellular biomass,by the action of naturally occurring *** definition however does not provide any information on the environmental conditions,timescale and extent at which decomposition processes should *** regard to the aquatic environment,recognized standards have been established to assess the ability of plastics to undergo biodegradation;however,these standards fail to provide clear targets to be met to allow labelling of a bioplastic as ***,these standards grant the user an extensive leeway in the choice of process *** these reasons,the comparison of results deriving from different studies is *** authors analysed and discussed the degree of biodegradability of a series of biodegradable bioplastics in aquatic environments(both fresh and salt water)using the results obtained in the laboratory and from on-site testing in the context of different research *** Oxygen Demand(BOD),CO_(2)evolution,surface erosion and weight loss were the main parameters used by researchers to describe the percentage of *** results showed a large variability both in weight loss and BOD,even when evaluating the same type of *** confirms the need for a reference range of values to be established with regard to parameters applied in defining the biodegradability of bioplastics.

关键词： Biodegradation Bioplastic Plastic Natural environment Plastic waste

Potential of GSHP coupled with PV systems for retrofitting urban areas in different European climates based on archetypes definition

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Energy and Built Environment

Energy and Built Environment 2024年第3期5卷 374-392页

作者： Laura Carnieletto Antonino Di Bella Davide Quaggiotto Giuseppe Emmi Adriana Bernardi Michele De Carli Department of Industrial Engineering–DII University of Padovavia Venezia 1PadovaItaly university of Ferrara Italy CNR–National Research Council PadovaItaly

According to the recent policies regarding energy use in buildings and the need of retrofit strategies,the aim of this work is to support policies concerning the installation of ground source heat exchangers in urban and historical areas,raising the awareness on the potential energy saving achievable with optimal sizing and limited impact on the urban *** have been developed distinguishing among existing and historic buildings,focusing on single-family terrace houses,which are the typical residential buildings in European historic centres.A methodology for the optimal sizing of ground source heat pumps,eventually considering dual-source system or air system has been developed combining simulations of a photovoltaic system to estimate the self-sufficiency and the self-consumption for five orientations of the *** results have been obtained for warm cli-mates,with negligible heating energy demand and possibly free cooling systems rather than traditional cooling systems needed in *** temperature was acceptable despite unbalanced energy *** proper inclination,photovoltaic systems could provide up to 40%of self-sufficiency share also in northern *** energy-economic analysis was carried out obtaining a variety of cases representing a general overview of the European building stock and the potential benefits achievable in terms of renewable energy share,energy savings and economic investments needed to be extended to simulations at urban scale.

关键词： Energy use database Ground source heat exchangers Urban context Energy retrofit Integrated renewables

A novel low-cost visual ear tag based identification system for precision beef cattle livestock farming

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Information Processing in Agriculture 2024年第1期11卷 117-126页

作者： Andrea Pretto Gianpaolo Savio Flaviana Gottardo Francesca Uccheddu Gianmaria Concheri Department of Civil Environmental and Architectural EngineeringUniversity of PaduaItaly Department of Animal Medicine Production and HealthUniversity of PadovaItaly Department of Industrial Engineering University of PadovaItaly

The precision livestock farming(PLF)has the objective to maximize each animal's performance while reducing the environmental impact and maintaining the quality and safety of meat *** the PLF techniques,the personalised management of each individual animal based on sensors systems,represents a viable *** is worth noting that the implementation of an effective PLF approach can be still expensive,especially for small and medium-sized farms;for this reason,to guarantee the sustainability of a customized livestock management system and encourage its use,plug and play and cost-effective systems are *** this context,we present a novel low-cost method for identifying beef cattle and recognizing their basic activities by a single surveillance *** leveraging the current state-of-the-art methods for real-time object detection,(i.e.,YOLOv3)cattle's face areas,we propose a novel mechanism able to detect the ear tag as well as the water ingestion state when the cattle is close to the *** cow IDs are read by an Optical Character Recognition(OCR)algorithm for which,an ad hoc error correction algorithm is here presented to avoid numbers misreading and correctly match the IDs to only actually present *** to the detection of the tag position,the OCR algorithm can be applied only to a specific region of interest reducing the computational cost and the time *** times for the areas are outputted as cattle activity recognition *** results demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed method,showing a mAP@0.50 of 89%.

关键词： Precision livestock farming Deep learning Cattlei dentification Low-cost sensors Computer vision

Lower limb suspension induces threshold-specific alterations of motor units properties that are reversed by active recovery

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第2期13卷 264-276页

作者： Giacomo Valli Fabio Sarto Andrea Casolo Alessandro Del Vecchio Martino V.Franchi Marco V.Narici Giuseppe De Vito Department of Biomedical Sciences University of PadovaPadova 35131Italy Department Artificial Intelligence in Biomedical Engineering Friedrich-Alexander UniversityErlangen-Nurnberg 91052Germany

Purpose:This study aimed to non-invasively test the hypothesis that(a) short-term lower limb unloading would induce changes in the neural control of force production(based on motor units(MUs) properties) in the vastus lateralis muscle and(b) possible changes are reversed by active recovery(AR).Methods:Ten young males underwent 10 days of unilateral lower limb suspension(ULLS) followed by 21 days of *** ULLS,participants walked exclusively on crutches with the dominant leg suspended in a slightly flexed position(15°-20°) and with the contralateral foot raised by an elevated *** AR was based on resistance exercise(leg press and leg extension) and executed at 70% of each participant’s 1repetition maximum,3 times/*** voluntary isometric contraction(MVC) of knee extensors and MUs properties of the vastus lateralis muscle were measured at baseline,after ULLS,and after *** were identified using high-density electromyography during trapezoidal isometric contractions at 10%,25%,and 50% of the current MVC,and individual MUs were tracked across the 3 data collection ***:We identified 1428 unique MUs,and 270 of them(18.9%) were accurately *** ULLS,MVC decreased by 29.77%,MUs absolute recruitment/derecruitment thresholds were reduced at all contraction intensities(with changes between the 2 variables strongly correlated),while discharge rate was reduced at 10% and 25% but not at 50% *** MVC and MUs properties fully recovered to baseline levels after *** changes were observed in the pool of total as well as tracked ***:Our novel results demonstrate,non-invasively,that 10 days of ULLS affected neural control predominantly by altering the discharge rate of lower-threshold but not of higher-threshold MUs,suggesting a preferential impact of disuse on motoneurons with a lower depolarization ***,after 21 days of AR,the impaired MUs properties were fully restored to baseline levels,highlighting the plas

关键词： Disuse High-density EMG Muscle disuse Neural impairment Neuromuscular degeneration

Mitochondria replacement from transplanted amniotic fluid stem cells:a promising therapy for non-neuronal defects in spinal muscular atrophy

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第5期19卷 971-972页

作者： Michela Pozzobon Camilla Bean Women’s and Children’s Health Department University of Padova Foundation Institute of Pediatric Research Cittàdella Speranza PadovaItaly Department of Medicine University of UdineUdineItaly

Spinal muscular atrophy(SMA)is a genetic disorder that primarily affects infants and leads to muscle weakness,atrophy,and *** main cause is the homozygous mutation or deletion of the SMN1 gene,resulting in inadequate levels of the survival motor neuron(SMN)*** treatments focus on restoring SMN levels through various approaches,but there is a need for“SMN-independent”therapies that target other pathological *** muscle is closely involved in SMA pathology,with impaired muscle function observed before motor neuron *** have revealed that SMN loss leads to skeletal muscle mitochondrial structural abnormalities,impaired respiration,and accumulation of reactive oxygen species.

关键词： impaired atrophy muscular

Enhanced Solar Water Desalination by CuCo_(2)S_(4)-decorated Carbon Foam Derived from Waste Plastics

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2024年第3期40卷 548-555页

作者： Muzammil HUSSAIN Tofik Ahmed SHIFA Pratik V.SHINDE Pankaj KUMAR Stefano CENTENARO Silvia GROSS Elisa MORETTI Alberto VOMIERO Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems Ca'Foscari University of VeniceVia Torino 15530172 VeniceItaly Department of Industrial Engineering University of PadovaVia Venezia 135131 PadovaItaly Department of Chemical Sciences University of PadovaVia Francesco Marzolo135131 PadovaItaly Division of Materials Science Department of Engineering Sciences and MathematicsLulea University of Technology97187 LuleaSweden Center for Cultural Heritage Technologies(CCHT) Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia(IT)Via Torino 15530170 Venezia-MestreItaly

Interfacial solar desalination is an emerging technology for freshwater production,but the finding of novel solar evaporators is still *** the present research,graphitic carbon foam(CF)was synthesized from the upcycling of waste plastic polyethylene terephthalate(PET)waste bottles functionalized with carrollite CuCo_(2)S_(4) as a photothermal *** characterization[X-ray diffraction(XRD),Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),and scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectroscopy(SEM-EDS)]confirms the functionalization of carrollite CuCo_(2)S_(4) on graphitic carbon *** UV-Vis spectroscopy analysis showed an enhanced optical absorption in the UV-Vis-near IR region(>96%)for functionalized CuCo_(2)S_(4)-CF foam compared to carbon foam(67%).The interfacial solar desalination experiment presented a significantly enhanced evaporation rate of 2.4 kg·m^(−2)·h^(−1) for CuCo_(2)S_(4)-CF compared to that of CF(1.60 kg·m^(−2)·h^(−1))and that of CuCo_(2)S_(4)(1.60 kg·m^(−2)·h^(−1)).The obtained results proved that the newly synthesized CuCo_(2)S_(4)-CF from the upcycled plastic into new material for the photothermal desalination process can enhance the practice of a circular economy to produce fresh water.

关键词： Photothermal desalination Cobalt Copper Chalcogenide Waste upcycling Circular economy

Simple chemical synthesis and isotropic negative thermal expansion in MHfF_(6)(M=Ca,Mn,Fe,and Co)

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Nano Research 2024年第3期17卷 2195-2203页

作者： Yongqiang Qiao Sen Zhang Peixian Zhang Juan Guo Andrea Sanson Xi Zhen Kaiyue Zhao Qilong Gao Jun Chen Key Laboratory of Materials Physics of Ministry of Education and School of Physics and MicroelectronicsZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450052China Department of Physics and Astronomy University of PadovaPadova I-35131Italy Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering Department of Physical ChemistryUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China

The rapid progress of modern technologies has accelerated the prominence of thermal expansion mismatch between materials,and tunable thermal expansion materials will be a powerful safeguard against this ***,isotropic MHfF_(6)(M=Ca,Mn,Fe,and Co)compounds with tunable thermal expansion have been produced via a low-cost synthetic method and *** utilizing temperature dependent X-ray diffraction(XRD)and Raman spectroscopy,combined with first principles calculations,it was revealed that the transverse thermal vibrations of the F atoms are dominated by low-frequency phonons with negative Grüneisen parameters and are therefore the origin of the negative thermal expansion(NTE).Very interestingly,with the increase of the M atomic number,the metal…F atomic linkages become stiffer,reducing the number of vibrational modes with negative Grüneisen parameters,so that the strong NTE can be gradually adjusted to moderate NTE and to near zero thermal *** present study achieves the tunable thermal expansion in a new compound family and shed light on the internal mechanism from the perspective of lattice vibrational dynamics.

关键词： negative thermal expansion fluorides chemical synthesis nanosheet structure first principles calculations

A review of the literature on the use of CRISPR/Cas9 gene therapy to treat hepatocellular carcinoma

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Oncology Research 2024年第3期32卷 439-461页

作者： ELHAM AMJAD RAFAELE PEZZANI BABAK SOKOUTI Biotechnology Research Center Tabriz University of Medical SciencesTabriz***Iran Phytotherapy Lab Endocrinology UnitDipartimento di Medicina(DIMED)University of PadovaVia Ospedale 105Padova35128Italy Associazione Italiana Per La Ricerca Oncologica Di Base Associazione Italiana Per La Ricerca Oncologica Di BasePadova35128Italy

Noncoding RNAs instruct the Cas9 nuclease to site speifillyl cleave DNA in the CRISPR/Cas9 *** the high incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),the patient's outcome is *** a result of the emergence of therapeutic resistance in HCC patients,dlinicians have faced difficulties in treating such *** addition,CRISPR/Cas9 screens were used to identify genes that improve the dlinical response of HCC *** is the objective of this article to summarize the current understanding of the use of the CRISPR/Cas9 system for the treatment of cancer,with a particular emphasis on HCC as part of the current state of ***,in order to locate recent developments in oncology research,we examined both the Scopus database and the PubMed *** ability to selectively interfere with gene expression in combinatorial CRISPR/Cas9 screening can lead to the discovery of new effective HCC treatment regimens by combining clinically approved *** resistance can be overcome with the help of the CRISPR/Cas9 *** signature genes and resistance to treatment have been uncovered by genome-scale CRISPR activation screening although this method is not without *** has been extensively examined whether CRISPR can be used as a tool for disease research and gene *** and its applications to tumor research,particularly in HCC,are examined in this study through a review of the literature.

关键词： CRISPR/Cas9 system Gene therapy Tumor Hepatocellular carcinoma Liver cancer Gene editing