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The Performance of EOS Models in the Prediction of Vapor-Liquid Equilibria in Asymmetric Natural Gas Mixtures

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 1998年第3期6卷 29-37页

作者：王利生 H.Gardeler J.Gmehling Department of Technical Chemisity University of OldenburgP.O.Box 2503D-26111 OldenburgGermany

The aim of this work is to apply cubic equations of state(EOS)to vapor-liquid equilibriacalculations of gas-heavy hydrocarbon systems,which are asymmetric in molecular size and areusually found in natural *** has been done to test the validity of the original PSRKand the cubic simplified perturbed hard-chain(CSPhC)models for global phase *** results show that both equations overpredict vapor pressure in the near critical *** the prediction of the solubilities of high molecular weight(MW)hydrocarbons in the naturalgas,the PSRK model gives good agreement for the dew point pressure-vapor composition *** of the pure component parameters of the CSPHC EOS for heavy components to fit thevapor-liquid equilibrium(VLE)data has been proved to give significant promoting in ***,further improvement of a van der Waals EOS,such as SRK,PT and DG modelsfor the asymmetric systems by adjusting the three pure component properties,T_c, p_c and ?

关键词： equation of state natural gas vapor-liquid equilibria asymmetric systems

Modulation of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) receptor activity: the key to successful neural regeneration?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第1期15卷 53-54页

作者： Isabel Gross Anja U.Brauer Research Group Anatomy School for Medicine and Health ScienceCarl von Ossietzky University OldenburgOldenburgGermany Research Center for Neurosensory Science Carl von Ossietzky University OldenburgOldenburgGermany

The central nervous system(CNS)is characterized by a remarkably elaborate cellular architecture comprising large numbers of glial and neuronal cells with enormous functional diversity,organized into highly complex and specific *** development,the various neural cell types must first be correctly specified,then assume their appropriate positions through carefully choreographed cellular migration,and finally establish and refine their functional connections,often over long *** end result of all these processes is an extraordinarily intricate anatomical structure,able to receive,integrate,and store information and orchestrate appropriate responses.

关键词： neural specified finally

Purinergic Modulation of Activity in the Developing Auditory Pathway

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2020年第11期36卷 1285-1298页

作者： Sasa Jovanovic Ivan Milenkovic School of Medicine and Health Sciences Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg26129 OldenburgGermany

Purinergic P2 receptors,activated by endogenous ATP,are prominently expressed on neuronal and nonneuronal cells during development of the auditory periphery and central auditory *** the mature cochlea,extracellular ATP contributes to ion homeostasis,and has a protective function against noise ***,we focus on the modulation of activity by extracellular ATP during early postnatal development of the lower auditory *** mammals,spontaneous patterned activity is conveyed along afferent auditory pathways before the onset of acoustically evoked signal *** this critical developmental period,inner hair cells fire bursts of action potentials that are believed to provide a developmental code for synaptic maturation and refinement of auditory circuits,thereby establishing a precise tonotopic *** ATP-release triggers such patterned activity by raising the extracellular K+concentration and contributes to firing by increasing the excitability of auditory nerve fibers,spiral ganglion neurons,and specific neuron types within the auditory brainstem,through the activation of diverse P2 *** review recent studies that provide new models on the contribution of purinergic signaling to early development of the afferent auditory ***,we discuss potential future directions of purinergic research in the auditory system.

关键词： Purinergic signaling Auditory system Development Cochlea Spiral ganglion Auditory brainstem

A laterally sensitive colloidal probe for accurately measuring nanoscale adhesion of textured surfaces

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Nano Research 2019年第2期12卷 389-396页

作者： Soren Zimmermann Waldemar Klauser James Mead Shiliang Wang Han Huang Sergej Fatikow Department of Computing Science University of Oldenburg Oldenburg D-26129 Germany School of Mechanical and Mining Engineering The University of Queensland Brisbane 4072 Australia School of Physics and Electronics Central South University Changsha 410083 China

Adhesiion assessment of nanoscale contacts is a critical capability for the development of future nanoelectromechanical systems and nanobiotechnology devices. However, experimental approaches to investigate interactions on micro- and nanostructured surfaces have predominantly been restricted to capturing adhesion force in the normal direction. This provides limited information about the multidimensional nature of surface texture and related interaction mechanisms. Here the design, fabrication, and application of a unique atomic force microscope probe is presented that consists of a focused ion beam-milled cantilever decorated with a colloidal particle. The probe is specifically developed for characterizing textured surfaces with lateral force feedback. Pull-off tests that map the adhesive interaction in microscale cavities are performed to exami ne the capability of the probe. Normal and lateral adhesive forces duri ng nano scale contact are accurately obtai ned and the adhesi on en ergy of the con tact interface is thus determi ned. An in-depth un dersta nding of the effects of surface texture and the correlati on of adhesi on and fricti on is dem on strated. The proposed methodology en ables dedicated in vestigatio ns of in terfacial in teracti on on various norvplanar surfaces. It can be used for un dersta nding the complex in terplay of adhesi on, con tact, and fricti on forces at nano scale, which may facilitate significant advances in challenging research areas such as fibrillar adhesion.

关键词： nanoscale adhesion friction atomic force microscope colloidal probe lateral sensitivity

Catalyst-Free Synthesis and Shape Control of CdTe Nanowires

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Nano Research 2011年第9期4卷 824-835页

作者： Xiaoping Jin Marta Kruszynska Jurgen Parisi Joanna Kolny-Olesiak university of oldenburg Department of Physics Energy and Semiconductor Research Laboratory Carl-von-Ossietzky-Str. 9-11 26129Oldenburg Germany

The procedure reported here allows for the size and shape control of CdTe nanowires by means of colloidal chemistry. Thus, ultrathin, straight, saw-tooth-like and one-sided branched nanowires with zinc blende structures could be synthesized. Their formation does not require any catalyst and is most likely due to the oriented attachment of nanoparticles formed in the beginning of the reaction. The use of oleylamine as a solvent turned out to be crucial in order to achieve CdTe nanowires. The reaction between oleic acid and oleylamine in the presence of CdO proved to be essential, not only to activate the Cd precursor but also to provide reaction conditions facilitating nanowire formation by oriented attachment.

关键词： Nanowires CdTe amine activation oriented attachment shape control

Characterization of different plasma-treated cobalt oxide catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction in alkaline media

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Science Bulletin 2016年第8期61卷 612-618页

作者： Lisa M.Uhlig Gustav Sievers Volker Brüser Alexander Dyck Gunther Wittstock NEXT ENERGY EWE-Research Centre for Energy Technology26129 OldenburgGermany Faculty of Mathematics and Science CIS-Center of Interface ScienceInstitute of ChemistryCarl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg26111 OldenburgGermany Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology 17489 GreifswaldGermany

Plasma-synthesized cobalt oxide supported on carbon has been analyzed for its use for electrocatalytic oxygen reduction reaction （ORR） in alkaline anion exchange membrane fuel cells （AEMFC）. This work presents the ORR activity in 0.1 mol L-1 KOH and 0.1 tool L-1 K2CO3 at 25 ℃. Cyclic voltammetry （CV） was used to determine the potentials at which the ORR occurs and to evaluate the stability of catalyst. Moreover, a rotating ring-disk electrode （RRDE） was used to investigate the activity of the catalysts and the formation of the by-product hydroperoxide anion （HO2-） as well as to identify the preferred pathway of the ORR. Calculated kinetic parameters for the ORR for the cobalt catalysts are shown in this work together with a comparison to a commercial platinum catalyst. However, the cobalt oxide produced more by-products which could lead to damage of the membrane in a fuel cell through a radical attack of the polymer backbone.

关键词： Oxygen reduction reaction Alkalinemedia - Electrocatalytic activity RRDE Cobaltcatalyst Alkaline fuel cell

Speech Enhancement via Residual Dense Generative Adversarial Network

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2021年第9期38卷 279-289页

作者： Lin Zhou Qiuyue Zhong Tianyi Wang Siyuan Lu Hongmei Hu School of Information Science and Engineering Southeast UniversityNanjing210096China Medizinische Physik and Cluster of Excellence“Hearing4all” Department of Medical Physics and AcousticsUniversity of Oldenburg26129OldenburgGermany

Generative adversarial networks(GANs)are paid more attention to dealing with the end-to-end speech enhancement in recent *** GANbased enhancement methods are presented to improve the quality of reconstructed ***,the performance of these GAN-based methods is worse than those of masking-based *** tackle this problem,we propose speech enhancement method with a residual dense generative adversarial network(RDGAN)contributing to map the log-power spectrum(LPS)of degraded speech to the clean *** detail,a residual dense block(RDB)architecture is designed to better estimate the LPS of clean speech,which can extract rich local features of LPS through densely connected convolution ***,sequential RDB connections are incorporated on various scales of *** significantly increases the feature learning flexibility and robustness in the time-frequency *** show that the proposed method achieves attractive speech enhancement performance in various acoustic ***,in the untrained acoustic test with limited priors,e.g.,unmatched signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)and unmatched noise category,RDGAN can still outperform the existing GAN-based methods and masking-based method in the measures of PESQ and other evaluation *** indicates that our method is more generalized in untrained conditions.

关键词： Generative adversarial networks neural networks residual dense block speech enhancement

Assessing the sensitivity of Melanoplus frigidus （Orthoptera： Acrididae） to different weather conditions＂ A modeling approach focussing on development times

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Insect Science 2008年第2期15卷 167-178页

作者： Oliver-D. Finch Jorg Loffler Roland Pape Carl-von-Ossietzky university of oldenburg Fk V Institute of Biology and Environmental-Sciences Terrestrial Ecology D-26111 Oldenburg university of Bonn Department of Geography Meckenheimer AIlee 166 D-53115 Bonn Germany

The temperature and soil moisture conditions as well as vegetation patterns were studied to describe the habitat and to model the life cycle of Melanoplusfrigidus, a true alpine grasshopper of the Scandes. In the low alpine belt of the Norwegian Scandes the species colonizes only the warmest microhabitats with maximum soil surface temperatures of 31℃. Vegetation of these habitats consists of shrub-rich heath dominated by Vaccinium myrtillus and Calluna vulgaris. Using continuously measured temperature data, the development times for four different seasons were modeled and related to field observations. The maximum delay of adult molt was estimated to amount to 3 weeks, the delay being determined by the variation in spring temperature conditions between different years. The possibilities of using M. frigidus as an indicator organism of climate change effects on alpine zoo-coenoses of the Scandes are discussed.

关键词： alpine insects climate change indicator life history thermal effective environment

DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF THE GREEN CLIMATE FUND

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Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2014年第3期23卷 266-299页

作者： Lian-biao CUI Lei ZHU Marco SPRINGMANN Ying FAN Center for Energy and Environmental Policy Research Institute of Policy and ManagementChinese Academy of Sciences Department of Economics University of Oldenburg

The Green Climate Fund （GCF） has been one of the core issues of the world climate summits under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change （UNFCCC） in recent years. However, the GCF has not progressed smoothly, and currently there are no satisfactory schemes for raising and distributing the fund. This paper first discusses how to finance the GCF among Annex II countries. It introduces the ＇preference score compromises＇（PSC） approach which is based on environmental responsibility and economic capacity, with historical emissions as an indicator for environmental responsibility and GDP as indicator for economic capacity. The results show that the United States and the European Union are the two largest contributors to the GCF, sponsoring more than 80% of the funds. Second, we discuss how to allocate the funds among non-Annex II parties. The ＇adaptation needs＇（AN） approach, which takes account of economic strength and climate damages, is proposed to achieve the adaptation purpose of the GCF, and the results reveal that African countries with high levels of climate vulnerability could get most funds, with a share of almost 30%. Regarding the mitigation purpose of the GCF, this research introduces two approaches： the ＇carbon reduction contribution＇（CC） approach and the ＇incremental cost＇（IC） approach. Both approaches could achieve significant reductions in carbon emissions in non-Annex II parties, whereas the latter may provide limited adaptation finance but result in more mitigation effects. This paper also develops a method to combine abatement efficiency and adaptation fairness of the GCF, and we find that with an equal split between the AN and CC （or AN and IC） approaches, the amount of USD 100 billion could finance an emissions reduction of 1613 MtCO2 （2477 MtCO2）, while allocating USD 16 （or USD 9） per capita for adaptation in non-Annex II parties. The schemes proposed may be useful for promoting the development of the GCF in the future.

关键词： Climate change green climate fund preference score compromises carbon reductioncontribution mitigation and adaptation