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Surface depletion field in 2D perovskite microplates: Structural phase transition, quantum confinement and Stark effect

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Nano Research 2019年第11期12卷 2858-2865页

作者： Wancai Li Chen Fang Haizhen Wang Shuai Wang Junze Li Jiaqi Ma Jun Wang Hongmei Luo Dehui Li School of Optical and Electronic Information and Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430074China Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering New Mexico State UniversityLas CrucesNM88003USA

Surface depletion field would introduce the depletion region near surface and thus could significantly alter the optical,electronic and optoelectronic properties of the materials,especially low-dimensional ***-dimensional(2D)organic—inorganic hybrid perovskites with van der Waals bonds in the out-of-plane direction are expected to have less influence from the surface depletion field;nevertheless,studies on this remain *** we report on how the surface depletion field affects the structural phase transition,quantum confinement and Stark effect in 2D(BA)2PbI4 perovskite microplates by the thickness-,temperature-and power-dependent photoluminescence(PL)*** dependent PL studies suggest that high-temperature phase(HTP)and low-temperature phase(LTP)can coexist in a wider temperature range depending on the thickness of the 2D perovskite *** the decrease of the microplate thickness,the structural phase transition temperature first gradually decreases and then increases below 25 nm,in striking contrast to the conventional size dependent structural phase *** on the thickness evolution of the emission peaks for both high-temperature phase and low-temperature phase,the anomalous size dependent phase transition could probably be ascribed to the surface depletion field and the surface energy difference between *** explanation was further supported by the temperature dependent PL studies of the suspended microplates and encapsulated microplates with graphene and boron nitride *** with the thickness dependent phase transition,the emission energies of free excitons for both HTP and LTP with thickness can be ascribed to the surface depletion induced confinement and Stark effect.

关键词： two-dimensional(2D)perovskite thickness surface depletion field structural phase transition quantum confinement Stark effect

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Converting lateral scanning into axial focusing to speed up three-dimensional microscopy

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Light(Science & Applications) 2020年第1期9卷 429-440页

作者： Tonmoy Chakraborty Bingying Chen Stephan Daetwyler Bo-Jui Chang Oliver Vanderpoorten Etai Sapoznik Clemens F.Kaminski Tuomas P.J.Knowles Kevin M.Dean Reto Fiolka Department of Cell Biology UT Southwestern Medical CenterDallasTXUSA Department of Physics and Astronomy University of New MexicoAlbuquerqueNMUSA Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology University of CambridgeCambridge CB30ASUK Department of Chemistry University of CambridgeLensfield RoadCambridge CB21EWUK Lyda Hill Department of Bioinformatics UT Southwestern Medical CenterDallasTXUSA

In optical microscopy,the slow axial scanning rate of the objective or the sample has traditionally limited the speed of volumetric ***,by conjugating either a movable mirror to the image plane in a remote-focusing geometry or an electrically tuneable lens(ETL)to the back focal plane,rapid axial scanning has been ***,mechanical actuation of a mirror limits the axial scanning rate(usually only 10–100 Hz for piezoelectric or voice coil-based actuators),while ETLs introduce spherical and higher-order aberrations that prevent high-resolution *** an effort to overcome these limitations,we introduce a novel optical design that transforms a lateral-scan motion into a spherical aberration-free axial scan that can be used for high-resolution *** a galvanometric mirror,we scan a laser beam laterally in a remote-focusing arm,which is then back-reflected from different heights of a mirror in the image *** characterize the optical performance of this remote-focusing technique and use it to accelerate axially swept light-sheet microscopy by an order of magnitude,allowing the quantification of rapid vesicular dynamics in three *** also demonstrate resonant remote focusing at 12 kHz with a two-photon raster-scanning microscope,which allows rapid imaging of brain tissues and zebrafish cardiac dynamics with diffraction-limited resolution.

关键词： mirror axial image

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Preventing Heart Disease via Coronary Artery Calcium Scoring to Make a Definitive Diagnosis of Atherosclerosis

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2022年第10期12卷 457-462页

作者： David S. Schade Samuel Wann Martin Hickey Scott Obenshain Jennifer Febbo Robert Philip Eaton university of new mexico School of Medicine Albuquerque New Mexico USA

Purpose: Cardiovascular disease is the number one cause of death in the Western world. The purpose of this manuscript is to compare the benefits and deficiencies of coronary artery calcium scanning versus computer generated risk equations in identifying atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. These two approaches provide significantly different cardiovascular risk assessments and often lead to therapeutic differences in recommendations from the physician to the patient. Methods: Pertinent medical literature is reviewed concerning both risk assessment approaches (i.e., coronary artery scanning and computer generated risk equations). The strengths and weaknesses of both approaches are discussed, and recommendations are provided based upon available data. Results: Cardiovascular risk equations are simple and readily obtained at no charge by physicians. However, their drawbacks are several, including non-applicability to specific populations, disagreements among different cardiovascular society risk equations, wide ranges of risk outputs (e.g., intermediate 10-year risk is between 5% and 20%), inability to definitively identify coronary artery plaques, and lack of definitive anatomical coronary disease. Alternatively, coronary artery calcium scanning costs approximately $100/scan (if not covered by insurance), requires time and effort by the patient, and exposes the patient to a minimal amount of radiation. However, coronary calcium scanning identifies specific atherosclerotic coronary disease and provides additional information about the anatomical location (i.e., coronary artery) of the atherosclerotic plaque. Conclusion: Based on the published literature, coronary artery calcium scanning is the preferred approach for identifying atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Although there are minor drawbacks, overall it provides superior clinical information compared with computer generated risk equations.

关键词： Asymptomatic Cardiovascular Disease Coronary Artery Calcium Scan Preventive Medical Therapy Cardiovascular Risk

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Quantitative analysis of irrigation water productivity in the middle reaches of Heihe River Basin, Northwest China

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2019年第5期12卷 119-125页

作者： Donghao Li Taisheng Du Yue Cao Manoj Kumar Shukla Di Wu Xiuwei Guo Shichao Chen Center for Agricultural Water Research in China China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences New Mexico State UniversityNM 88003USA

With the growing shortage of surface water resources,it is of great significance for improving the irrigation water productivity(IWP)to ensure the water and food *** contribution of the driving factors of the IWP and the rational regulation of the input factors of agricultural production is *** this paper,118 and 80 sampling points were selected in Pingchuan and Liaoquan irrigation districts(PLID,the spacing of sampling point is approximately 1 km)and the middle reaches of the Heihe River basin(MHRB,the spacing of sampling point is approximately 10 km),*** characteristics and management measures near the sampling points were *** showed that the average value of the IWP in MHRB was 1.67 kg/m3,with a moderate heterogeneity in the *** main driving factors of IWP were irrigation,fertilization and planting *** the PLID,the contribution rates of soil factors and management measures to IWP were 20.6%and 35.2%,respectively,and the contribution of soil factors to IWP increased to 43.8%in the MHRB,while the contribution rate of management measures decreased to 24.8%.It shows that in a small irrigation districts,from the perspective of farmers,the improvement of IWP should be mainly controlled by management measures,while in the large area of watershed scale,the spatial differences in soil factors also need to be considered by the government management departments,when they want to increase IWP through regulating management measures.

关键词： irrigation water productivity driving factors quantitative analysis partial least squares maize

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Long-term changes in biological soil crust cover and composition

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Ecological Processes 2013年第1期2卷 54-63页

作者： Eva Dettweiler-Robinson Jeanne M Ponzetti Jonathan D Bakker Department of Biology University of New MexicoMSC0320201 University of New MexicoAlbuquerqueNM 98131U.S.A. 2914 Central St.SE OlympiaWA 98501U.S.A. School of Environmental and Forest Sciences University of WashingtonBox 354115SeattleWA98195-4115U.S.A.

Introduction:Communities change over time due to disturbances,variations in climate,and species *** soil crust communities are important because they contribute to erosion control and nutrient *** types may respond differently to changes in environmental conditions:single-celled organisms and bryophytes quickly recover after a disturbance,while lichens are slow growing and dominate favorable *** change in crusts has seldom been assessed using repeated *** this study,we hypothesized that changes in crust composition were related to disturbance,topographic position,and invasive ***:We monitored permanent plots in the Columbia Basin in 1999 and 2010 and compared changes in crust composition,cover,richness,and turnover with predictor variables of herbivore exclosure,elevation,heat load index,time since fire,presence of an invasive grass,and change in cover of the invasive ***:Bryophytes were cosmopolitan with high *** lichens did not change *** taxa differed by monitoring *** and total crust cover declined,and there was lower turnover outside of herbivore *** cover did not change *** that burned recently had high *** in taxon richness was correlated with presence of an invasive grass in *** in cover of the invasive grass was positively related to proportional loss and negatively related to ***:Composition and turnover metrics differed significantly over 11 years,though cover was more stable between *** study can be a baseline for assessing change in crust composition due to anthropogenic influences.

关键词： Biological soil crust Columbia basin Composition change Taxa turnover rate Fire Bromus tectorum Livestock exclosure

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Training data selection for accuracy and transferability of interatomic potentials

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npj Computational Materials 2022年第1期8卷 1795-1803页

作者： David Montes de Oca Zapiain Mitchell A.Wood Nicholas Lubbers Carlos ZP.ereyra Aidan P.Thompson Danny Perez Sandia National Laboratories AlbuquerqueNM87185USA Computer Computationaland Statistical Sciences DivisionLos Alamos National LaboratoryLos AlamosNM87545USA Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering University of California DavisDavisCA95616USA Theoretical Division Los Alamos National LaboratoryLos AlamosNM87545USA

Advances in machine learning(ML)have enabled the development of interatomic potentials that promise the accuracy of first principles methods and the low-cost,parallel efficiency of empirical ***,ML-based potentials struggle to achieve transferability,i.e.,provide consistent accuracy across configurations that differ from those used during *** order to realize the promise of ML-based potentials,systematic and scalable approaches to generate diverse training sets need to be *** work creates a diverse training set for tungsten in an automated manner using an entropy optimization ***,multiple polynomial and neural network potentials are trained on the entropy-optimized dataset.A corresponding set of potentials are trained on an expert-curated dataset for tungsten for *** models trained to the entropy-optimized data exhibited superior transferability compared to the expert-curated ***,the models trained to the expert-curated set exhibited a significant decrease in performance when evaluated on out-of-sample configurations.

关键词： entropy transfer configuration

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A PET’S LIFE: CHARACTERIZING PRIMATE PET OWNERSHIP IN SULAWESI

A PET’S LIFE: CHARACTERIZING PRIMATE PET OWNERSHIP IN SULAW...

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The Xixth Congress The International Primatological Society

作者： L.Jones-Engel G.Engel M.Schillaci U.Paputangan J.Froehlich R.Kyes Department of Psychology and Regional Primate Research Center University of Washington Seattle WA. 98195 USA Department of Family and Community Medicine University New Mexico Albuquerque NM. 87131 USA Department of Anthropology University New Mexico Albuquerque NM. 87131 USA Universitas Sam Ratulangi Manado Sulawesi Indonesia Department of Anthropology University New Mexico Albuquerque NM. 87131 USA Department of Psychology and Regional Primate Research Center University of Washington Seattle WA. 98195 USA

＜正＞ The Indonesian island of Sulawesi is home to the endangered Macaca nigra and several other vulnerable or threatened species of macaques that come into frequent contact with humans. The island’s ethnic and religious diversity provides a backdrop for varied human-primate interactions. In particular, primate pet ownership is a widespread practice on Sulawesi that may have far reaching implications for con-

关键词： pet primates Sulawesi primate conservation

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Can the 2019 AHA/ACC Cardiovascular Guidelines Be Improved?

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2020年第2期10卷 72-77页

作者： David S. Schade Allen Adolphe Matthew Bouchonville R. Philip Eaton Department of Internal Medicine/Endocrinology University of New Mexico School of Medicine Albuquerque NM USA Division of Internal Medicine Department of Internal Medicine University of NM School of Medicine Albuquerque NM USA Division of Endocrinology Department of Internal Medicine University of NM School of Medicine Albuquerque NM USA

The 2019 ACC/AHA Guideline on the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease?for treatment of atherosclerosis in asymptomatic individuals is an advance over previously published recommendations. However, since all guidelines are based on a limited quantity of published studies and result from a consensus of experts in different fields of medicine, omissions and errors are inevitable. The present manuscript identifies four areas in these 2019 AHA/ACC guidelines that alternative approaches or changes would result in improved outcomes and reductions in atherosclerotic events. First, the goal for the reduction in the prevalence of cardiovascular disease should be total (100%) eradication of the disease. This is a feasible goal as the facilities and resources to accomplish this task are currently available. Second, guidelines should acknowledge that atherosclerosis is a reversible disease as has previously been documented by multiple studies. If reversible, then under the appropriate clinical circumstances, it is preventable. Third, the goal for LDL cholesterol reduction should be <50 mg/dl, if eradication of atherosclerosis is to be achieved. This goal is achievable and safe as suggested by published studies. Fourth, widespread use of the coronary artery calcium scan needs to be recommended so that early atherosclerosis can be reversed before a major cardiovascular event occurs. Treating all individuals at a specific risk category without regard for the presence of disease results in poor adherence to therapy and unnecessary side effects. Consideration of these four issues would improve the AHA/ACC guidelines and result in better patient care.

关键词： Guidelines Diabetes Risk/Benefit LDL Cholesterol LDL Goals

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Role of fecal microbiota transplant in management of hepatic encephalopathy: Current trends and future directions

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World Journal of Hepatology 2024年第1期16卷 17-32页

作者： Yash R Shah Hassam Ali Angad Tiwari David Guevara-Lazo Natalia Nombera-Aznaran Bhanu Siva Mohan Pinnam Manesh Kumar Gangwani Harishankar Gopakumar Amir H Sohail SriLakshmiDevi Kanumilli Ernesto Calderon-Martinez Geetha Krishnamoorthy Nimish Thakral Dushyant Singh Dahiya Department of Internal Medicine Trinity Health Oakland/Wayne State UniversityPontiacMI 48341United States Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology East Carolina University/Brody School of MedicineGreenvilleNC 27858United States Department of Internal Medicine Maharani Laxmi Bai Medical CollegeJhansi 284001India Faculty of Medicine Universidad Peruana Cayetano HerediaLima 15102Peru Department of Internal Medicine John H.Stroger Hospital of Cook CountyChicagoIL 60612United States Department of Internal Medicine The University of ToledoToledoOH 43606United States Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University of Illinois College of Medicine at PeoriaPeoriaIL 61605United States Department of Surgery University of New MexicoAlbuquerqueNM 87106United States Department of Internal Medicine GSL Medical CollegeRajamahendravaram 533296India Department of Internal Medicine Universidad Nacional Autonoma de MexicoCiudad De Mexico 04510Mexico Department of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition University of KentuckyLexingtonKY 40536United States Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology&MotilityThe University of Kansas School of MedicineKansas CityKS 66160United States

Fecal microbiota transplantation(FMT)offers a potential treatment avenue for hepatic encephalopathy(HE)by leveraging beneficial bacterial displacement to restore a balanced gut *** prevalence of HE varies with liver disease severity and *** pathogenesis involves ammonia toxicity,gut-brain communication disruption,and *** aims to restore gut microbiota balance,addressing these ***'s efficacy has been explored in various conditions,including *** suggest that FMT can modulate gut microbiota,reduce ammonia levels,and alleviate *** has shown promise in alcohol-associated,hepatitis B and C-associated,and non-alcoholic fatty liver *** include improved liver function,cognitive function,and the slowing of disease ***,larger,controlled studies are needed to validate its effectiveness in these *** have shown cognitive improvements through FMT,with potential benefits in cirrhotic ***,trials have demonstrated reduced serious adverse events and cognitive enhancements in FMT arms compared to the standard of *** evidence is promising,challenges remain:Limited patient numbers,varied dosages,administration routes,and donor *** large-scale,controlled trials are essential to establish standardized guidelines and ensure FMT's clinical applications and *** FMT holds potential for HE management,ongoing research is needed to address these challenges,optimize protocols,and expand its availability as a therapeutic option for diverse hepatic conditions.

关键词： Hepatic encephalopathy Fecal microbiota transplant Cognitive impairment Liver cirrhosis Chronic liver disease

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Giant Supratentorial Acutely Hemorrhagic Enterogenous Cyst: Case Report and Literature Review

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Open Journal of Modern Neurosurgery 2014年第1期4卷 23-25页

作者： Paul E. Kaloostian Han Chen Franklin Westhout Howard Yonas university of new mexico Neurosurgery Albuquerque New Mexico USA

The authors report the first case of a giant supratentorial enterogenous cyst presenting with acute symptomatic hemorrhage within the cyst. We report the case of a 78-year-old Philipino female who was found to have a large right fronto-parietal mass after a minor fall. She had a small amount of hemorrhage within the cyst but was stable for discharge the following day. She was readmitted 5 days later with acute onset severe headache and leftside weakness. On repeat imaging, her cyst had grown in size and had large acute hemorrhage within it. She was taken to the operating room for craniotomy and cyst resection. She recovered well post-operatively. This is the first known case of a giant supratentorial enterogenous cyst presenting with symptomatic enlargement due to large hemorrhage within the cyst. Enterogenous cysts should be considered on the differential diagnosis of hemorrhagic supratentorial giant cysts.

关键词： Hemorrhagic Enterogenous Cyst Giant Supratentorial

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