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Interrelationship of soil moisture and temperature to sylvatic plague cycle among prairie dogs in the Western United States

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Integrative Zoology 2021年第6期16卷 852-867页

作者： Cassandra D.PAULING Deborah L.FINKE Deborah M.ANDERSON Department of Veterinary Pathobiology University of MissouriColumbiaMissouriUSA Division of Plant Sciences University of MissouriColumbiaMissouriUSA

Plague,caused by Yersinia pestis,is a flea-borne disease that is endemic in areas throughout the world due to its successful maintenance in a sylvatic cycle,mainly in areas with temperate *** rodents are thought to play a key role in the enzootic maintenance as well as epizootic outbreaks of *** the United States,prairie dogs(Cynomys),rodents(Muridae),and ground squirrels(Spermophilus)are susceptible to infection and are parasitized by fleas that transmit *** particular,prairie dogs can experience outbreaks that rapidly spread,which can lead to extirpation of colonies.A number of ecological parameters,including climate,are associated with these *** this study,we asked whether soil parameters,primarily moisture and temperature,are associated with outbreaks of plague in black-tailed prairie dogs and Gunnison’s prairie dogs in the Western United States,and at what depth these associations were *** collected publicly available county-level information on the occurrence of population declines or colony extirpation,while historical soil data was collected from SCAN and USCRN stations in counties and states where prairie dogs have been *** analysis suggests that soil moisture at lower depths correlates with colony die-offs,in addition to temperature near the surface,with key differences within the landscape ecology that impact the occurrence of ***,the model suggests that the burrow environment may play a significant role in the epizootic spread of disease amongst black-tailed and Gunnison’s prairie dogs.

关键词： plague prairie dogs soil moisture soil temperature sylvatic cycle Yersinia pestis

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Synthetic data as an investigative tool in hypertension and renal diseases research

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World Journal of Methodology 2025年第1期15卷 9-13页

作者： Aleena Jamal Som Singh Fawad Qureshi Sidney Kimmel Medical College Thomas Jefferson UniversityPhiladelphiaPA 19107United States School of Medicine University of Missouri Kansas CityKansasMO 64106United States Division of Nephrology and Hypertension Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States

There is a growing body of clinical research on the utility of synthetic data derivatives,an emerging research tool in *** nephrology,clinicians can use machine learning and artificial intelligence as powerful aids in their clinical decision-making while also preserving patient *** is especially important given the epidemiology of chronic kidney disease,renal oncology,and hypertension ***,there remains a need to create a framework for guidance regarding how to better utilize synthetic data as a practical application in this research.

关键词： Synthetic data Artificial intelligence Nephrology Blood pressure Research Editorial

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Laser-induced graphene for bioelectronics and soft actuators

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Nano Research 2021年第9期14卷 3033-3050页

作者： Yadong Xu Qihui Fei Margaret Page Ganggang Zhao Yun Ling Dick Chen Zheng Yan Department of Biomedical Biological&Chemical EngineeringUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMissouri 65211USA Department of Mechanical&Aerospace Engineering University of MissouriColumbiaMissouri 65211USA Rock Bridge High School ColumbiaMissouri 65203USA

Laser-assisted process can enable facile,mask-free,large-area,inexpensive,customizable,and miniaturized patterning of laser-induced porous graphene(LIG)on versatile carbonaceous substrates(e.g.,polymers,wood,food,textiles)in a programmed manner at ambient *** with high tailorability of its porosity,morphology,composition,and electrical conductivity,LIG can find wide applications in emerging bioelectronics(e.g.,biophysical and biochemical sensing)and soft robots(e.g.,soft actuators).In this review paper,we first introduce the methods to make LIG on various carbonaceous substrates and then discuss its electrical,mechanical,and antibacterial properties and biocompatibility that are critical for applications in bioelectronics and soft ***,we overview the recent studies of LIG-based biophysical(e.g.,strain,pressure,temperature,hydration,humidity,electrophysiological)sensors and biochemical(e.g.,gases,electrolytes,metabolites,pathogens,nucleic acids,immunology)*** applications of LIG in flexible energy generators and photodetectors are also *** addition,LIG-enabled soft actuators that can respond to chemicals,electricity,and light stimulus are ***,we briefly discuss the future challenges and opportunities of LIG fabrications and applications.

关键词： laser-induced graphene bioelectronics biophysical sensors biochemical sensors soft actuators

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Heterogeneous activity causes a nonlinear increase in the group energy use of ant workers isolated from queen and brood

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Insect Science 2018年第3期25卷 487-498页

作者： Nolan Ferral Kyara Holloway Mingzhong Li Zhaozheng Yin Chen Hou Department of Biological Sciences Missouri University of Science and Technology Rolla Missouri USA Department of Computer Sciences Missouri University of Science and Technology Rolla Missouri USA

Increasing evidence has shown that the energy use of ant colonies increases sublinearly with colony size so that large colonies consume less per capita energy than small colonies. It has been postulated that social environment （e.g., in the presence of queen and brood） is critical for the sublinear group energetics, and a few studies of ant workers isolated from queens and brood observed linear relationships between group energetics and size. In this paper, we hypothesize that the sublinear energetics arise from the heterogeneity of activity in ant groups, that is, large groups have relatively more inactive members than small groups. We further hypothesize that the energy use of ant worker groups that are allowed to move freely increases more slowly than the group size even if they are isolated from queen and brood. Previous studies only provided indirect evidence for these hypotheses due to technical difficulties. In this study, we applied the automated behavioral monitoring and respirometry simultaneously on isolated worker groups for long time periods, and analyzed the image with the state-of-the-art algorithms. Our results show that when activity was not confined, large groups had lower per capita energy use, a lower percentage of active members, and lower average walking speed than small groups; while locomotion was confined, however, the per capita energy use was a constant regardless of the group size. The quantitative analysis shows a direct link between variation in group energy use and the activity level of ant workers when isolated from queen and brood.

关键词： activity energetics image analysis long term scaling simultaneous

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Most Likely Optimal Subsampled Markov Chain Monte Carlo

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2021年第3期34卷 1121-1134页

作者： HU Guanyu WANG Haiying university of missouri-Columbia USA university of Connecticut USA

Markov Chain Monte Carlo(MCMC) requires to evaluate the full data likelihood at different parameter values iteratively and is often computationally infeasible for large data sets. This paper proposes to approximate the log-likelihood with subsamples taken according to nonuniform subsampling probabilities, and derives the most likely optimal(MLO) subsampling probabilities for better approximation. Compared with existing subsampled MCMC algorithm with equal subsampling probabilities,the MLO subsampled MCMC has a higher estimation efficiency with the same subsampling ratio. The authors also derive a formula using the asymptotic distribution of the subsampled log-likelihood to determine the required subsample size in each MCMC iteration for a given level of precision. This formula is used to develop an adaptive version of the MLO subsampled MCMC algorithm. Numerical experiments demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms the uniform subsampled MCMC.

关键词： Big data MCMC metropolis-hasting algorithm nonuniform subsampling

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How the “Folding Funnel” Depends on Size and Structure of Proteins?A View from the Scoring Function Perspective

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2013年第5期18卷 462-468页

作者： Sheng-You Huang Gordon K. Springer the Research Support Computing University of Missouri Bioinformatics Consortium and Department of Computer Science University of Missouri

It has been well accepted that the folding energy landscape may resemble a funnel according to the theory of protein folding. This theory of ＂folding funnel＂ has been extensively studied and thought to play an important role in guiding the sampling process of the protein folding and refinement in protein structure prediction. Here, we have investigated the relationship between the ＂funnel likeness＂ of protein folding and the size/structure of the proteins based on a set of non-homologous proteins we have recently evaluated using a statistical mechanicsbased scoring function ITScorePro. It was found that larger proteins that consist of more helix/sheet structures tend to have a higher score-Root Mean Square Deviation（RMSD） correlation（or a more funnel like energy landscape）.Another measurement in protein folding, Z-score, has also shown some correlation with the size of the *** expected, proteins with a better ＂olding funnel likeness＂（or score-RMSD correlation） tend to have a betterpredicted conformation with a lower RMSD from their native structures. These findings can be extremely valuable for the development and improvement of sampling and scoring algorithms for protein structure prediction.

关键词： energy landscape folding funnel protein structure prediction scoring function protein folding

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RNA-protein distance patterns in ribosomes reveal the mechanism of translational attenuation

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2014年第11期57卷 1131-1139页

作者： YU DongMei ZHANG Chao QIN PeiWu CORNISH V.Peter XU Dong Department of Biological Engineering University of Missouri C.S. Bond Life Science Center University of Missouri Department of Computer Science University of Missouri Department of Biochemistry University of Missouri

Elucidating protein translational regulation is crucial for understanding cellular function and drug development.A key molecule in protein translation is ribosome,which is a super-molecular complex extensively studied for more than a half *** structure and dynamics of ribosome complexes were resolved recently thanks to the development of X-ray crystallography,Cryo-EM,and single molecule *** studies of the ribosome have shown multiple functional states,each with a unique *** this study,we analyzed the RNA-protein distances of ribosome(2.5 MDa)complexes and compared these changes among different ribosome *** found that the RNA-protein distance is significantly correlated with the ribosomal functional ***,the analysis of RNA-protein binding distances at important functional sites can distinguish ribosomal functional states and help understand ribosome *** particular,the mechanism of translational attenuation by nascent peptides and antibiotics was revealed by the conformational changes of local functional sites.

关键词： ribosome protein translation antibiotics translocation RNA-protein interaction

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An advanced evaluation of the mechanistic scale-up methodology of gas-solid spouted beds using radioactive particle tracking

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Particuology 2017年第5期15卷 48-60页

作者： Neven Ali a Thaar AI-Juwaya Muthanna Al-Dahhan Nuclear Engineering Missouri University of Science and Technology (Missouri SεT)-Rolla Rolla MO 65409 USA Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Missouri University of Science and Technology (Missouri SεT)--Rolla Rolla MO 65409 USA

We implemented for the first time our radioactive particle tracking as an advanced noninvasive tech- nique to further evaluate and validate our newly developed mechanistic scale-up methodology based on matching the radial profile of the gas *** spouted beds with diameters of 0.076 and 0.152 m were used. Three sets of conditions were implemented; i.e., conditions of the reference case, conditions that provided a gas-holdup radial profile similar to that of the reference case, and conditions that provided a gas-holdup radial profile dissimilar to that of the reference case. The results confirm the validation of the scale-up methodology in terms of obtaining closer dimensionless values and radial profiles of compo- nents of the particle velocity, normal stress, shear stress, and turbulent kinetic energy, The results further advance the understanding of gas-solids spouted beds, provide deeper insight into the solids dynamics of the beds and present important benchmarking data for validating computational fluid dynamics codes and models.

关键词： Scaling upSpouted bedTristructural-isotropic particleRadioactive particle trackingThree-dimensional velocity fieldTurbulence

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Quantitative Absolute Continuity of Harmonic Measure and the Dirichlet Problem: A Survey of Recent Progress

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2019年第6期35卷 1011-1026页

作者： Steve HOFMANN Department of Mathematics University of Missouri

It is a well-known folklore result that quantitative, scale invariant absolute continuity(more precisely, the weak-A∞ property) of harmonic measure with respect to surface measure, on the boundary of an open set Ω ? R^(n+1) with Ahlfors–David regular boundary, is equivalent to the solvability of the Dirichlet problem in Ω, with data in L^p (?Ω) for some p < ∞. Drawing an analogy to the famous Wiener criterion, which characterizes the domains in which the classical Dirichlet problem, with continuous boundary data, can be solved, one may seek to characterize the open sets for which L^psolvability holds, thus allowing for singular boundary *** has been known for some time that absolute continuity of harmonic measure is closely tied to rectifiability properties of ?Ω, but also that rectifiability alone is not sufficient to guarantee absolute continuity. In this note, we survey recent progress in this area, culminating in a geometric characterization of the weak-A∞ property, and hence of solvability of the L^p Dirichlet problem for some finite p. This characterization, obtained under rather optimal background hypotheses, follows from a combination of the present author's joint work with Martell, and the work of Azzam, Mourgoglou and Tolsa.

关键词： Harmonic measure Poisson kernel uniform rectifiability weak local John condition big pieces of chord-arc domains Carleson measures

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Cannabinoids and endocannabinoids as therapeutics for nervous system disorders:preclinical models and clinical studies

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第4期19卷 788-799页

作者： R.Scott Duncan Sean M.Riordan Matthew C.Gernon Peter Koulen Department of Ophthalmology School of MedicineUniversity of Missouri Department of Biomedical Sciences School of MedicineUniversity of Missouri

Cannabinoids are lipophilic substances derived from Cannabis sativa that can exert a variety of effects in the human *** have been studied in cellular and animal models as well as in human clinical trials for their therapeutic benefits in several human *** of these include central nervous system(CNS)diseases and dysfunctions such as forms of epilepsy,multiple sclerosis,Parkinson’s disease,pain and neuropsychiatric *** addition,the endogenously produced cannabinoid lipids,endocannabinoids,are critical for normal CNS function,and if controlled or modified,may represent an additional therapeutic avenue for CNS *** review discusses in vitro cellular,ex vivo tissue and in vivo animal model studies on cannabinoids and their utility as therapeutics in multiple CNS *** addition,the review provides an overview on the use of cannabinoids in human clinical trials for a variety of CNS *** and endocannabinoids hold promise for use as disease modifiers and therapeutic agents for the prevention or treatment of neurodegenerative diseases and neurological disorders.

关键词： anandamide cannabidiol cannabinoid endocannabinoid epilepsy multiple sclerosis neurodegeneration neuroprotection tetrahydrocannabinol

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