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Effects of freeze-thaw cycles on sandstone in sunny and shady slopes

Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第7期16卷 2503-2515页

作者： Dian Xiao Xiaoyan Zhao Corrado Fidelibus Roberto Tomás Qiu Lu Hongwei Liu Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited BeijingChina Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengduChina Department of Civil Engineering University of AlicanteAlicanteSpain Department of Innovation Engineering University of SalentoLecceItaly Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences University of Milano BicoccaMilanItaly

A growing rock engineering activity in cold regions is facing the threat of freeze-thaw(FT)weathering,especially in high mountains where the sunny-shady slope effects strongly control the difference in weathering behavior of *** this paper,an investigation of the degradation of petrophysical characteristics of sandstone specimens subjected to FT cycle tests to simulate the sunny-shady slope effects is *** this aim,non-destructive and repeatable testing techniques including weight,ultrasonic waves,and nuclear magnetic resonance methods on standard specimens were *** the sunny slope specimens,accompanied by the enlargement of small pores,100 FT cycles caused a significant decrease in P-wave velocity with an average of 23%,but a consistent rise of 0.18%in mass loss,34%in porosity,67%in pore geometrical mean radius,and a remarkable 14.5-fold increase in ***,slight changes with some abnormal trends in physical parameters of the shady slope specimens were observed during FT cycling,which can be attributed to superficial granular disaggregation and pore throat *** shocks enhance rock weathering on sunny slopes during FT cycles,while FT weathering on shady slopes is restricted to the small pores and the superficial *** two factors are primarily responsible for the differences in FT weathering intensity between sunny and shady *** conclusions derived from the interpretation of the experimental results may provide theoretical guidance for the design of slope-failure prevention measures and the selection of transportation routes in cold mountainous regions.

关键词： Sunny-shady slope Freeze and thaw Pore structure Tight rocks Talus slope Cold regions

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Non-anatomical liver resection for hepatocellular carcinoma:the SegSubTe classification to overcome the problem of heterogeneity

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第3期23卷 265-271页

作者： Mattia Garancini Alessandro Fogliati Mauro Alessandro Scotti Cristina Ciulli Francesca Carissimi Antonio Rovere Luca Gianotti Fabrizio Romano Unit of Hepatobiliopancreatic Surgery Department of SurgeryASST-MonzaSan Gerardo HospitalUniversity of Milano-Bicoccavia Pergolesi 33MonzaMB 20052Italy Interventional Radiology Department of RadiologyASST-MonzaSan Gerardo HospitalMilano-Bicocca Universityvia Pergolesi 33MonzaMB 20052Italy

Background:The superiority of anatomical resection(AR)***-anatomical resection(NAR)in the surgical management of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is *** are well-defined procedures,whereas the lack of NAR standardization results in heterogeneous *** study aimed to introduce the SegSubTe classification for NAR detailing the appropriateness of the level of surgical section of the Glissonean pedicles feeding the ***:A single-center retrospective analysis of pre-and postoperative imaging of consecutive patients treated with NAR for single HCC between 2012 and 2020 was *** quality of surgery was assessed classifying the type of vascular supply and the level of surgical section(segmental,subsegmental or terminal next to the tumor)of vascular pedicles feeding the HCCs;then,the population was divided in“SegSubTe-IN”or“SegSubTe-OUT”groups,and the tumor recurrence and survival were ***:Ninety-seven patients who underwent NAR were included;76%were SegSubTe-IN and 24%were *** disease recurrence,local recurrence and cut-edge recurrence in the SegSubTe-IN ***-OUT groups were 50%vs.83%(P=0.006),20%vs.52%(P=0.003)and 16%vs.39%(P=0.020),***-OUT odds ratio for local recurrence was 4.1 at univariate regression ***-,three-,and five-year disease-free survival rates in the SegSubTe-IN ***-OUT groups were 81%,58%and 35%vs.46%,21%and 11%,respectively(P<0.001).Conclusions:The SegSubTe classification is a useful tool to stratify and standardize NAR for HCC,aiming at improving long-term oncological outcomes and reducing the heterogeneity of quality of NAR for HCC.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Intraoperative ultrasound Liver surgery Computed tomography Surgical procedure

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Advancements in Barrett's esophagus detection:The role of artificial intelligence and its implications

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第11期30卷 1494-1496页

作者： Sara Massironi Division of Gastroenterology and Center for Autoimmune Liver Diseases Department of Medicine and SurgeryFondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei TintoriUniversity of Milano-BicoccaMonza 20900Italy

Artificial intelligence(AI)is making significant strides in revolutionizing the detection of Barrett's esophagus(BE),a precursor to esophageal *** the research article by Tsai et al,researchers utilized endoscopic images to train an AI model,challenging the traditional distinction between endoscopic and histological *** approach yielded remarkable results,with the AI system achieving an accuracy of 94.37%,sensitivity of 94.29%,and specificity of 94.44%.The study's extensive dataset enhances the AI model's practicality,offering valuable support to endoscopists by minimizing unnecessary ***,questions about the applicability to different endoscopic systems *** study underscores the potential of AI in BE detection while highlighting the need for further research to assess its adaptability to diverse clinical settings.

关键词： Barrett's esophagus Artificial intelligence Endoscopic images Artificial intelligence model Early cancer detection Endoscopy

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Antihypertensive Effect of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors and Glucagon-like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonists

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Cardiology Discovery 2024年第1期4卷 38-42页

作者： Marijana Tadic Cesare Cuspidi Klinik für Innere Medizin II Universitätsklinikum UlmUlm 89081Germany Department of Medicine and Surgery University of Milano-BicoccaMilano 20126Italy

An increasing body of evidence shows that new antidiabetic drugs—particularly sodium-glucose cotransporter 2(SGLT2)inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide 1(GLP-1)receptor agonists—have a beneficial effect on cardiovascular *** majority of these studies have been performed in patients with heart failure and the results have shown first positive effect on blood pressure(BP)*** effects are more pronounced with SGLT2 inhibitors than with GLP-1 receptor ***,the reasons and mechanisms of action inducing BP reduction are still not sufficiently *** mechanisms of SGLT2 inhibitors involve the natriuretic effect,modification of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system,and/or the reduction in the sympathetic nervous ***-1 receptor agonists have several mechanisms that are related to glycemic,weight,and BP *** data show that SGLT2 inhibitors have a stronger antihypertensive effect than GLP-1 receptor agonists,which is mainly related to their renal ***,SGLT2 inhibitors increase the response to diuretics and decrease the meal-related antinatriuretic pressure by lowering post-prandial hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia and prevent proximal sodium ***2 inhibitors can be used as second-line therapy in patients with diabetes mellitus or heart disease and concomitant *** article aims to summarize current knowledge regarding the antihypertensive effect of SGLT2 inhibitors and GLP-1 receptor agonists.

关键词： Hypertension Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists Blood pressure

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Autoimmune pancreatitis:Cornerstones and future perspectives

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第8期30卷 817-832页

作者： Camilla Gallo Giulia Dispinzieri Nicola Zucchini Pietro Invernizzi Sara Massironi Division of Gastroenterology and Center for Autoimmune Liver Diseases Department of Medicine and SurgeryFondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei TintoriUniversity of Milano-BicoccaMonza 20900Italy Department of Pathology Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei TintoriMonza 20900Italy

Autoimmune pancreatitis(AIP)is an autoimmune subtype of chronic pancreatitis resulting from the aberrant immune response against the pancreas,leading to inflammation and *** AIP is rare,its incidence is increasing and is often misdiagnosed as other pancreatic *** is commonly classified into two *** 1 AIP(AIP-1)is typically associated with elevated serum immunoglobulin G4(IgG4)levels and systemic manifestations,while type 2 AIP is typically a more localized form of the disease,and may coexist with other autoimmune disorders,especially inflammatory bowel ***,there is emerging recognition of a third type(type 3 AIP),which refers to immunotherapy-triggered AIP,although this classification is still gaining acceptance in medical *** clinical manifestations of AIP mainly include painless jaundice and weight *** serum IgG4 levels are particularly characteristic of *** relies on a combination of clinical,laboratory,radiological,and histological findings,given the similarity of AIP symptoms to other pancreatic *** mainstay of treatment for AIP is steroid therapy,which is effective in most *** cases might require additional imm-unosuppressive *** review aims to summarize the current knowledge of AIP,encompassing its epidemiology,etiology,clinical presentation,diagnosis,and treatment *** also address the challenges and controversies in diagnosing and treating AIP,such as distinguishing it from pancreatic cancer and managing long-term treatment,highlighting the need for increased awareness and knowledge of this complex disease.

关键词： Autoimmunity Pancreatitis Autoimmune pancreatitis Immunoglobulin G4 Steroids Relapse

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Later-Life Marital Dissolution in Italy:An Emerging Phenomenon?

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Journal of Sociology Study 2024年第2期14卷 98-106页

作者： Laura Arosio university of milano-bicocca MilanItaly

The phenomenon of marital dissolution in later life,also referred to as“gray divorce”,is described on the rise in contemporary Western *** article contributes to the study of marriage breakdown in older age,with a specific focus on Italian ***,the temporal trends of this phenomenon are reconstructed using official *** data reveal that,although still relatively rare,the dissolution of marriage in later life is expanding in *** analysis of the period from 1974 to 2015 indicates a rise in the average age at separation,a higher percentage of spouses over 50 years on the total number of couples obtaining legal separation,and an increase in the proportion of Italian spouses separating after many years of ***,data from the national survey“Family and Social Subjects”,conducted in 2016 by the Italian National Institute of Statistics,are utilized to explore the relationship between specific traits of those who separated and their tendency to dissolve marriages before or after the age of *** data suggest that individuals with characteristics such as lower educational attainment,residence in the South and Islands,and adherence to more traditional family models are more likely to experience separation in later life.

关键词： marital dissolution later life gray divorce social inequality Italy

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Dual mobility in primary total hip arthroplasty:A temptation from the devil or a blessing from above

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第6期15卷 512-519页

作者： Raymond Klumpp Linda Boerci Francesco Buonanotte Marco Zeppieri Unita Operativa Complessa Ortopedia e Traumatologia Ospedale Treviglio-Caravaggio ASSTBergamo Ovest 24047Italy Department of Orthopedics Universitàdegli Studi di Milano-BicoccaMonza 20090Italy Department of Ophthalmology University Hospital of UdineUdine 33100Italy

Dual mobility(DM)bearings have gained significant attention in the field of total hip arthroplasty(THA)as a valid treatment option in cases of revision for instability after THA whereas its use in primary THA is still a matter of *** manuscript explores the pathology,incidence,diagnosis,treatment options,prognosis,ongoing studies in the literature,and future perspectives related to the use of DM bearings employed in primary *** bearings are primarily designed to address one of the major concerns in THA:Instability of the prosthetic *** is both for the surgeon and the patient a devastating postoperative complication,leading to significant pain and subsequent apprehension by the patient and may require revision *** use of DM implants poses the worry of wear-related complications,such as accelerated polyethylene wear and osteolysis,which also pose challenges to long-term implant *** technique has seen a steady rise in recent years,with multiple studies reporting favorable *** incidence of their utilization varies among institutions and surgeons,reflecting differing preferences and patient *** diagnosis of instability and wear-related complications in THA often involves clinical assessment,imaging modalities such as X-rays,computed tomography scans,and sometimes advanced imaging techniques like magnetic resonance *** bearings can be considered as an option when patients present neurologic pathologies such as Parkinson's disease or recurrent dislocations after *** bearings provide an additional articulation point within the implant,facilitating a greater range of motion and inherent *** design allows for reduced risk of dislocation and improved functional *** implant manufacturers offer different designs and sizes of DM bearings to suit individual patient *** literature suggests that the use of DM bearings in primary THA has demonstrated promising outcomes in terms

关键词： Dual mobility First implant Hip arthroplasty Surgical technique Differential diagnosis

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Geophysical evidence of large-scale silica-rich fluid flow above the continental subduction interface

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第9期67卷 2796-2809页

作者： Yuantong MAO Liang ZHAO Marco G.MALUSà Stefano SOLARINO Silvia PONDRELLI Baolu SUN Coralie AUBERT Simone SALIMBENI Elena EVA Stéphane GUILLOT State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric and Environmental Coevolution Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of Sciences College of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences University of Milano-Bicocca Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia Osservatorio Nazionale Terremoti Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia Sezione di Bologna Université Grenoble Alpes Université Savoie Mont BlancCNRSIRDUGEISTerre

Fluids in subduction zones can have major effects on subduction dynamics. However, geophysical constraints on the scale and impact of fluid flow during continental subduction are still limited. Here we analyze the VP/VSratios in the Western Alpine region, hosting one of the best-preserved fossil continental subduction zones worldwide, to investigate the impact of fluid flow during continental subduction. We found a belt of high VP/VSratios >1.9 on the upper-plate side of the subduction zone,consistent with a partially serpentinized upper-plate mantle, and a belt of unusually low VP/VSratios <1.7 on the lower-plate side,at depths shallower than 30 km. We propose that these low VP/VSratios result from a widespread network of silica-rich veins,indicating past fluid flow along the continental subduction interface. Our results suggest that past fluid flow may have reduced the effective stress along the subduction interface thus favoring continental subduction.

关键词： Western Alps Crustal structure Receiver function VP/VS ratio Silica enrichment

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PCDH19 interplay with GABA(A)receptors:a window to DEE9 pathogenetic mechanisms

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第4期17卷 803-805页

作者： Sara Mazzoleni Silvia Bassani Institute of Neuroscience CNRMilanItaly Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine University of MilanSegrate(MI)Italy NeuroMI milan Center for Neuroscience University of Milano-BicoccaMilanItaly

Developmental and epileptic encephalopathy 9(DEE9):The gene PCDH19(Xq22.1),which encodes the calcium-dependent cell adhesion protein protocadherin-19(PCDH19),is nowadays considered as one of the most important genes in monogenic epilepsy(Depienne and LeGuern,2012).Mutations in PCDH19 are responsible for DEE9(OMIM#300088),a severe neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by early-onset clustering epilepsy,various degrees of cognitive impairment and neuro psychiatric comorbidities,like autism spectrum disorder(ASD)and behavioural ***9 patients start suffering from seizures around the age of 10 months until adolescence,when seizures tend to reduce or even disappear,while the psychiatric symptoms persist(Depienne and LeGuern,2012;Kolc et al.,2018).

关键词： H19 PCD epilepsy

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Shaping the future of pediatric liver health:unraveling the impact of the new metabolic-associated fatty liver disease definition

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2023年第4期12卷 611-615页

作者： Stefano Ciardullo Michela Vergani Celeste Ronchetti Gianluca Perseghin Department of Medicine and Surgery University of Milano BicoccaMilanItaly Department of Medicine and Rehabilitation Policlinico di MonzaMonzaItaly

Liver steatosis(i.e.,excessive triglyceride accumulation within the hepatocyte)is a very common finding in both the adult and pediatric *** the latter,epidemiologic data using validated diagnostic techniques(either liver biopsy or ultrasound-based technologies)have shown an alarmingly high prevalence,paralleling the ever-increasing rates of overweight and obesity.

关键词： Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) metabolic-associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD) pediatrics definition fatty liver

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