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Insect Science 2020年第1期27卷 69-85页

作者： Daniel J.Leyboume Jorunn I.B.Bos Tracy A.Valentine Alison J.Karley Division of Plant Sciences School of Life SciencesUniversity of DundeeDundeeU K Cell and Molecular Sciences the James Hutton InstituteInvergowrieDundeeUK Ecological Sciences the James Hutton InstituteInvergowrieDundeeUK

Bacterial endosymbionts have enabled aphids to adapt to a range of stressors,but their effects in many aphid species remain to be *** bird cherry-oat aphid,Rhopalosiphum padi(Linnaeus),is an important pest of cereals worldwide and has been reported to form symbiotic associations with Serratia symbiotica and Sitobion miscanthi L-type symbiont endobacteria,although the resulting aphid phenotype has not been *** study presents the first report of *** infection with the facultative bacterial endosymbiont Hamiltonella *** of *** were sampled from populations in Eastern Scotland,UK,and shown to represent seven *** genotypes based on the size of polymorphic microsatellite markers;two of these genotypes harbored *** parasitism assays,survival of ***-infected nymphs following attack by the parasitoid wasp Aphidius colemani(Viereck)was 5 fold higher than for uninfected *** genotype was a major determinant of aphid performance on two Hordeum species,a modern cultivar of barley *** and a wild relative ***,although aphids infected with *** showed 16%lower nymph mass gain on the partially resistant wild relative compared with uninfected *** findings suggest that deploying resistance traits in barley will favor the fittest *** genotypes,but symbiontinfected individuals will be favored when parasitoids are abundant,although these aphids will not achieve optimal performance on a poor quality host plant.

关键词： cereal aphid Hamiltonella defensa Hordeum spontaneum Hordeum vulgare symbiosis

Protein synthesis,degradation,and energy metabolism in T cell immunity

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2022年第3期19卷 303-315页

作者： Julia M.Marchingo Doreen A.Cantrell Cell Signalling and Immunology Division School of Life SciencesUniversity of DundeeDundeeDD15EHUK

T cell activation,proliferation,and differentiation into effector and memory states involve massive remodeling of T cell size and molecular content and create a massive increase in demand for energy and amino *** synthesis is an energy-and resource-demanding process;as such,changes in T cell energy production are intrinsically linked to proteome *** this review,we discuss how protein synthesis and degradation change over the course of a T cell immune response and the crosstalk between these processes and T cell energy *** highlight how the use of high-resolution mass spectrometry to analyze T cell proteomes can improve our understanding of how these processes are regulated.

关键词： T lymphocyte Protein Translation Proteomics Immunometabolism Protein degradation

Design of on-demand wireless capsule endoscope

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仪器仪表学报 2008年第1期29卷 11-15页

作者： Yang Li Eric W Able Peng Chenglin College of Bioengineering Chongqing University Chongqing 400044 China School of Engineering and Physical Sciences University of Dundee Dundee DD1 4HN UK

An on-demand wireless capsule endoscope with fulldigital and bidirectional communication is presented,aiming at fulfilling the requirements of micromation and micropower consumption of modern wireless *** proposed multifunctional operation and unique radio transmission system cuts down the power consumption efficiently and on-demand bidirectional communication in vitro improves the detection rate of ***,gray dilatation is introduced in a bit plane that optimizes the distortion rate in the process of image recording and transmission.

关键词：随机无线内窥镜全数字式双向通信灰度级扩张术设计

Simplified approach for design of raft foundations against fault *** I:free-field

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2008年第2期7卷 147-163页

作者： I. Anastasopoulos N. Gerolymos G. Gazetas M. F. Bransb School of Civil Engineering National Technical University of AthensGreece Civil LecturerEngineeringUniversity of DundeeScotlandUK School of Civil Engineering National Technical University of AthensGreece Civil Engineering University of DundeeScotlandUK

Over the past few decades, earthquake engineering research mainly focused on the effects of strong seismic shaking. After the 1999 earthquakes in Turkey and Taiwan, and thanks to numerous cases where fault rupture caused substantial damage to structures, the importance of faulting-induced deformation has re-emerged. This paper, along with its companion （Part Ⅱ）, exploits parametric results of finite element analyses and centrifuge model testing in developing a four-step semi-analytical approach for analysis of dip-slip （normal and thrust） fault rupture propagation through sand, its emergence on the ground surface, and its interaction with raft foundations. The present paper （Part Ⅰ） focuses on the effects of faulting in the absence of a structure （i.e., in the free-field）. The semi-analytical approach comprises two-steps： the first deals with the rupture path and the estimation of the location of fault outcropping, and the second with the tectonically- induced displacement profile at the ground surface. In both cases, simple mechanical analogues are used to derive simplified semi-analytical expressions. Centrifuge model test data, in combination with parametric results from nonlinear finite element analyses, are utilized for model calibration. The derived semi-analytical expressions are shown to compare reasonably well with more rigorous experimental and theoretical data, thus providing a useful tool for a first estimation of near-fault seismic hazard.

关键词： fault rupture semi-analytical expression soil-structure interaction earthquake

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Ribozymes and the mechanisms that underlie RNA catalysis

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2016年第2期10卷 178-185页

作者： Timothy J. Wilson Yijin Liu David M. J. Lilley Cancer Research UK Nucleic Acid Structure Research Group MSI/WTB Complex The University of Dundee Dundee DD1 5EH UK

Ribozymes are widespread, and catalyze some extremely important reactions in the cell. Mechanistically most fall into one of two classes, using either metal ions or general acid-base catalysis. The nucleolytic ribozymes fall into the latter class, mostly using nucleobases. A sub-set of these use a combination of guanine base plus adenine acid to catalyze the cleavage reaction. New ribozymes are still being discovered at regular intervals and we can speculate on the potential existence of ribozymes that catalyze chemistry beyond phosphoryl transfer reactions, perhaps using small-molecule coenzymes.

关键词： RNA catalysis RNA structure catalytic mechanism

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How plants grow up

Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2019年第3期61卷 257-277页

作者： Sarah M McKim Division of Plant Sciences University of Dundee at The James Hutton Institute

A plant's lateral structures, such as leaves,branches and flowers, literally hinge on the shoot axis,making its integrity and growth fundamental to plant *** all plants, subapical proliferation within the shoot tip displaces cells downward to extrude the cylindrical *** the transition to flowering, many plants show extensive axial elongation associated with increased subapical proliferation and expansion. However, the cereal grasses also elongate their stems, called culms, due to activity within detached intercalary meristems which displaces cells upward, elevating the grain-bearing inflorescence. Variation in culm length within species is especially relevant to cereal crops, as demonstrated by the high-yielding semi-dwarfed cereals of the Green Revolution. Although previously understudied, recent renewed interest the regulation of subapical and intercalary growth suggests that control of cell division planes,boundary formation and temporal dynamics of differentiation, are likely critical mechanisms coordinating axial growth and development in plants.

关键词： plants grow up^FA lateral structures

On solitary wave in nonuniform shear currents

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2020年第4期32卷 800-805页

作者： Zhan Wang Bin-bin Zhao Wen-yang Duan R.Cengiz Ertekin Masoud Hayatdavoodi Tian-yu Zhang College of Shipbuilding Engineering Harbin Engineering UniversityHarbin 150001China Department of Ocean and Resources Engineering University of HawaiiHonoluluUSA Civil Engineering Department School of Science and EngineeringUniversity of DundeeDundeeUK

In this paper,steady solutions of solitary waves in the presence of nonuniform shear currents are obtained by use of the high-level Green-Naghdi(HLGN)*** focus on large-amplitude solitary waves in strong opposing shear *** linear-type currents,quadratic-type currents and cubic-type currents are *** particular,the wave speed,wave profile,velocity field,particle trajectories and vorticity distribution are *** is demonstrated that presence of the nonuniform shear current modifies the velocity field and vorticity field of the solitary wave.

关键词： Solitary wave nonuniform shear current velocity field particle trajectories vorticity field

Determination of urban runoff coefficient using time series inverse modeling

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2017年第5期29卷 898-901页

作者：尹海龙赵志超 Ruoqian Wang 徐祖信李怀正 State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China School of Science and Engineering University of DundeeDundeeUK

Runoff coefficient is an important parameter for the decision support of urban stormwater management. However, factors like comprehensive land-use type, variable spatial elevation, dynamic rainfall and groundwater elevation, make the direct estimation of runoff coefficient difficult. This paper presented a novel method to estimate the urban runoff coefficient using the inverse method, where observed time-series catchment outfall flow volume was employed as input for the water balance model and runoff coefficients of different catchments were treated as unknown parameters. A developed constrained minimization objective function was combined to solve the model and minimized error between observed and modeled outfall flow is satisfactory for the presenting of a set of runoff coefficients. Estimated runoff coefficients for the urban catchments in Shanghai downtown area demonstrated that practice of low impact design could play an important role in reducing the urban runoff.

关键词： Runoff coefficient urban stormwater management inverse modeling low impact design

Consolidation and dynamics of 3D unsaturated porous seabed under rigid caisson breakwater loaded by hydrostatic pressure and wave

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2012年第8期55卷 2362-2376页

作者： YE JianHong JENG DongSheng CHAN A H C Division of Civil Engineering University of DundeeDundee DD14HNUK Department of Civil Engineering University of BirminghamBirminghamB152TTUK

In this study,based on the dynamic Biot＇s theory ＂u-p＂ approximation,a 3D finite element method（FEM） numerical soil model is developed,in which the Generalized Newmark-β method is adopted to determine the time *** developed 3D FEM soil model is a part of the coupled model PORO-WSSI 3D for 3D wave-seabed-marine structures interaction problem,and is validated by the analytical solution proposed by Wang（2000） for a laterally infinite seabed loaded by a uniform *** adopting the developed 3D soil model,the consolidation of seabed under a caisson breakwater and hydrostatic pressure is *** numerical results show that the caisson breakwater built on seabed has very significant effect on the stresses/displacements fields in the seabed foundation after the transient deformation and primary consolidation are *** parametric study indicates that the Young＇s modulus E of seabed is the most important parameter to affect the settlement of breakwater,and the displacement fields in seabed *** the consolidation status as the initial condition,the interaction between ocean wave,caisson breakwater and seabed foundation is briefly *** 3D ocean wave is determined by solving the Navier-Stokes equations with finite volume method（FVM）.The numerical results indicate that there is intensive interaction between oceean wave, caisson breakwater and seabed foundation; and the breakwater indeed can effectively block the wave energy propagating to the coastline.

关键词： consolidation wave-seabed-breakwater interaction unsaturated seabed breakwater Biot's theory Navier-Stokes equation

Regulation of AMP-activated protein kinase by natural and synthetic activators

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2016年第1期6卷 1-19页

作者： David Grahame Hardie Division of Cell Signaling & Immunology College of Life SciencesUniversity of Dundee

The AMP-activated protein kinase(AMPK)is a sensor of cellular energy status that is almost universally expressed in eukaryotic *** it appears to have evolved in single-celled eukaryotes to regulate energy balance in a cell-autonomous manner,during the evolution of multicellular animals its role has become adapted so that it also regulates energy balance at the whole body level,by responding to hormones that act primarily on the *** monitors energy balance at the cellular level by sensing the ratios of AMP/ATP and ADP/ATP,and recent structural analyses of the AMPK heterotrimer that have provided insight into the complex mechanisms for these effects will be *** the central importance of energy balance in diseases that are major causes of morbidity or death in humans,such as type 2 diabetes,cancer and inflammatory disorders,there has been a major drive to develop pharmacological activators of *** such activators have been described,and the various mechanisms by which these activate AMPK will be discussed.A particularly large class of AMPK activators are natural products of plants derived from traditional herbal *** the mechanism by which most of these activate AMPK has not yet been addressed,I will argue that many of them may be defensive compounds produced by plants to deter infection by pathogens or grazing by insects or herbivores,and that many of them will turn out to be inhibitors of mitochondrial function.

关键词： AMP-activated protein kinase Energy balance AMP AMPK activator Mitochondrial function Regulatory mechanism