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Anti program death-1/anti program death-ligand 1 in digestive cancers

World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2015年第8期7卷 95-101页

作者： Eléonore de Guillebon Pauline Roussille Eric Frouin David Tougeron Medical Oncology Department Poitiers University Hospital Radiation Oncology Department Poitiers University Hospital Pathology Department Poitiers University Hospital David Tougeron Laboratory Inflammation Tissus Epithéliaux et Cytokines EA 4331 Poitiers University Gastroenterology Department Poitiers University Hospital

Human tumors tend to activate the immune system regulatory checkpoints as a means of escaping immunosurveillance. For instance, interaction between program death-1(PD-1) and program death-ligand 1(PD-L1) will lead the activated T cell to a state of anergy. PD-L1 is upregulated on a wide range of cancer cells. Anti-PD-1 and anti-PD-L1 monoclonal antibodies(m Abs), called immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs), have consequently been designed to restore T cell activity. Accumulating data are in favor of an association between PD-L1 expression in tumors and response to treatment. A PD-L1 expression is present in 30% to 50% of digestive cancers. Multiple anti-PD-1(nivolumab, pembrolizumab) and anti-PD-L1 m Abs(MPDL3280A, Medi4736) are under evaluation in digestive cancers. Preliminary results in metastatic gastric cancer with pembrolizumab are highly promising and phase Ⅱ will start soon. In metastatic colorectal cancer(CRC), a phase Ⅲ trial of MPDL3280 A as maintenance therapy will shortly be initiated. Trials are also ongoing in metastatic CRC with high immune T cell infiltration(i.e., microsatellite instability). Major challenges are ahead in order to determine how, when and for which patients we should use these ICIs. New radiologic criteria to evaluate tumor response to ICIs are awaiting prospective validation. The optimal therapeutic sequence and association with cytotoxic chemotherapy needs to be established. Finally, biomarker identification will be crucial to selection ofpatients likely to benefit from ICIs.

关键词： Program death-1 Program death-ligand 1 Antibody Digestive cancer

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Assessment of Groundwater Quality in the Dogger Aquifer of poitiers, Poitou-Charentes Region, France

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2015年第3期7卷 171-182页

作者： Amani Shorieh Gilles Porel Moumtaz Razack Department of Hydrogeology University of Poitiers Poitiers France

The Poitou-Charentes, located in the Center-West of France, is a region where economy is based mainly on agriculture. This region, made up of 4 Departments (Vienne, Charente, Charente Maritime, Deux-Sèvres), is supplied largely by groundwater exploitation, both for consumption and for irrigation. This resource is thus vital to the region and its preservation is a major issue. The objective of this study is the determination of the groundwater quality in the Dogger aquifer of poitiers (Vienne Department), which is the main water resource for this area and to achieve a better understanding of the factors influencing groundwater mineralization. Sixty-six wells, distributed over the study area, were sampled and analyzed for major ions (Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, HCO3-, Cl-, SO42-, NO3-). Data were interpreted using graphical (Piper diagram, binary diagrams) and statistical methods (correlation matrix, principal components analysis). Saturation and chloro-alkaline indices were also computed. It is shown that the groundwater mineralization is mainly associated with Ca2+, K+, HCO3-, Cl-, SO42-, and NO3-. Hydrochemistry of groundwater is determined by both natural processes, and anthropogenic factors. Natural factors are dissolution of carbonate and dolomitic minerals, and cation exchanges with clays, while anthropogenic factors are contaminant infiltration with waste waters and agricultural fertilizers. Nitrate is the main contaminant found in the groundwater and makes this resource unsuitable for consumption at some places.

关键词： Groundwater Hydrochemistry Principal Component Analysis Pollution Dogger Aquifer poitiers

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Parameters Affecting the Fuel Cell Reactions on Platinum Bimetallic Nanostructures

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Electrochemical Energy Reviews 2023年第1期6卷 830-853页

作者： Nicolas Alonso‑Vante IC2MP UMR-CNRS 7285University of Poitiers4 rue Michel Brunet86072 PoitiersFrance

In this paper the electrochemical properties of some platinum-based nanoalloys are *** revision is centered on electrocatalytic materials generated via the carbonyl chemical route(CCR).In considering the effects of segregation in these bimetals,the reaction of the hydrogen oxidation(HOR)and oxygen reduction(ORR)in the alkaline medium was *** reaction kinetics of these electrochemical processes in the alkaline electrolyte is still a *** the design of high-performance platinum-based electrocatalysts,it is of importance to know that the kinetics of HOR and ORR also depends on the Pt *** electrochemical analysis,based on the study of Pt nanoalloyed surfaces with different Pt-adsorbate interactions,was taken into account.A clear trend in the HOR as well as the ORR activity,in the alkaline electrolyte,was established,revealing that the activity changes in the order PtSn/C

关键词： Electrocatalysts HOR HER ORR Pt-based materials Bimetallic Carbon domains

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Effects of finite water depth and lateral confinement on ships wakes and resistance

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2020年第3期32卷 582-590页

作者： Clément Caplier Germain Rousseaux Damien Calluaud Laurent David Institut Pprime-CNRS University of PoitiersISAE-ENSMAChasseneuilFrance

Wash waves produced by ships disintegrate river banks and coastal lines. This phenomenon of bank erosion is mainly due to the height of the waves. Various factors govern the formation of these waves and their amplitudes: the geometry of the water channel, the shape and the speed of the boat, etc.. These factors play an important role on the wave generation, in addition on the resistance of the ship and so on its fuel consumption. Whether to study the impact of wash waves on the ship's environment or its resistance, the analysis of the generated wake is essential. Hence a fine characterization of the wave field is necessary. This study proposes a comparison of wakes generated by two generic ships based on a Wigley hull with block coefficients 0.67 and 0.89 respectively representative of maritime and fluvial ships. The wakes generated in deep water and confined water configurations have been measured for different Froude numbers by a non-intrusive optical stereo-correlation method, giving access to a detailed and complete definition of the generated wave fields. The resistance of the ship hulls has been measured in deep and confined water configurations with a hydrodynamic balance. The results permit one to study the influence of both hull and water channel geometries on the ship wake, on the amplitude of the far-field generated waves and on the near-field hydrodynamic response. Moreover, resistance curves are obtained for both configurations and highlight the effect of both hull and water channel geometries on the resistance coefficient of the ship. A comparison of the resistance curves with or without the ship trim is conducted and shows the influence of the trim on the resistance coefficient in the different ship speed regimes.

关键词： Ship wakes wash waves confined water ship resistance

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Natural polyphenols effects on protein aggregates in Alzheimer＇s and Parkinson＇s prion-like diseases

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Neural Regeneration Research 2018年第6期13卷 955-961页

作者： aline freyssin guylène page bernard fauconneau agnès rioux bilan university of poitiers EA380-8 NEUVACOD (Neurovascular Unit and Cognitive Disorders) Pole Biologie Sante Poitiers France

Alzheimer＇s and Parkinson＇s diseases are the most common neurodegenerative diseases. They are characterized by protein aggregates and so can be considered as prion-like disease. The major components of these deposits are amyloid peptide and tau for Alzheimer＇s disease, α-synuclein and synphilin-1 for Parkinson＇s disease. Drugs currently proposed to treat these pathologies do not prevent neurodegenerative processes and are mainly symptomatic therapies. Molecules inducing inhibition of aggregation or disaggregation of these proteins could have beneficial effects, especially if they have other beneficial effects for these diseases. Thus, several natural polyphenols, which have antioxidative, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties, have been largely studied, for their effects on protein aggregates found in these diseases, notably in vitro. In this article, we propose to review the significant papers concerning the role of polyphenols on aggregation and disaggregation of amyloid peptide, tau, α-synuclein, synphilin-1, suggesting that these compounds could be useful in the treatments in Alzheimer＇s and Parkinson＇s diseases.

关键词： natural polyphenols protein aggregates Alzheimer's disease amyloid peptide amyloid plaques hyperphosphorylated tau Parkinson's disease a-synuclein synphilin-I

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Sediment bed destabilization by an isolated vortex:an experimental approach

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2021年第2期33卷 370-385页

作者： Yann Devaux Lionel Thomas Damien Calluaud Gérard Pineau Institut Pprime CNRS-Universitéde Poitiers-ISAE-ENSMA-UPR 3346PoitiersFrance

The destabilization of an erodible sediment bed by a reproducible impulsive phenomenon is studied *** this,a specific setup is designed to produce a well-controlled isolated vortex,advected over a uniform sand *** image velocimetry(PIV)measurements are performed to get fluid flow information;suspended particles images are also recorded.A new measurement technique,based on a stereo-correlation method,provides a precise reconstruction of the bedform morphology over *** turbulent structures(namely sweep events)are evidenced in a near-wall region,where particles are mainly *** sediment plume follows the vortex:in particular,the upward velocity inside maintains the suspension ***,the dispersion process seems to be not dependent on the vortex ***,the bed morphology is investigated:a scour hole is dug as the vortex hits the granular *** dynamics is described by a typical scour law,even if the initial perturbation is *** area,where the particles settled,can be observed:it behaves like a ripple,with a logarithmic growth of its *** deposition region has a specific geometry,studied here by a Fourier contour ***,a pickup rate is also derived from the morphological data:it appears independent of the vortex and bedform features.

关键词： Sediment plume isolated vortex stereo-correlation particle image velocimetry(PIV) bedform dynamics

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Stem cell therapy in retinal diseases

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第7期18卷 1478-1485页

作者： Audrey Voisin Amaury Pénaguin Afsaneh Gaillard Nicolas Leveziel Laboratoire de Neurosciences Expérimentales et Cliniques Universitéde PoitiersINSERM 1084PoitiersFrance Department of Ophthalmology CHU PoitiersPoitiersFrance Laboratoires Thea Clermont-FerrandFrance

Alteration of the outer retina leads to various diseases such as age-related macular degeneration or retinitis pigmentosa characterized by decreased visual acuity and ultimately *** intensive research in the field of retinal disorders,there is currently no curative *** therapeutic approaches such as cell-based replacement and gene therapies are currently in *** the context of cell-based therapies,different cell sources such as embryonic stem cells,induced pluripotent stem cells,or multipotent stem cells can be used for *** the vast majority of human clinical trials,retinal pigment epithelial cells and photoreceptors are the cell types considered for replacement cell *** this review,we summarize the progress made in stem cell therapies ranging from the pre-clinical studies to clinical trials for retinal disease.

关键词： age-related macular degeneration cell transplantation clinical trial retinal disease retinal dystrophy stem cell

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Urine-derived stem/progenitor cells:A focus on their characterization and potential

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2020年第10期12卷 1080-1096页

作者： Perrine Burdeyron Sébastien Giraud Thierry Hauet Clara Steichen INSERM U1082 IRTOMIT CHU de PoitiersPoitiers 86021France Facultéde Médecine et Pharmacie Universite de PoitiersPoitiers 86021France

Cell therapy,i.e.,the use of cells to repair an affected tissue or organ,is at the forefront of regenerative and personalized *** the multiple cell types that have been used for this purpose[including adult stem cells such as mesenchymal stem cells or pluripotent stem cells],urine-derived stem cells(USCs)have aroused interest in the past *** display classical features of mesenchymal stem cells such as differentiation capacity and ***,they have the main advantage of being isolable from one sample of voided urine with a cheap and unpainful procedure,which is broadly applicable,whereas most adult stem cell types require invasive ***,USCs can be differentiated into renal cell *** is of high interest for renal cell therapy-based regenerative *** review will firstly describe the isolation and characterization of *** will specifically present USC phenotype,which is not an object of consensus in the literature,as well as detail their differentiation *** the second part of this review,we will present and discuss the main applications of *** include use as a substrate to generate human induced pluripotent stem cells,but we will deeply focus on the use of USCs for cell therapy approaches with a detailed analysis depending on the targeted organ or ***,we will also focus on the applications that rely on the use of USC-derived products such as microvesicles including exosomes,which is a strategy being increasingly *** the last section,we will discuss the remaining barriers and challenges in the field of USC-based regenerative medicine.

关键词： Urine-derived stem cells Urine progenitor cells Exosomes Cell therapy Kidney injury and repair Regenerative medicine

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Experimental Validation of Light Cable-Driven Elbow-Assisting Device L-CADEL Design

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2022年第2期19卷 416-428页

作者： Med Amine Laribi Marco Ceccarelli Juan Sandoval Matteo Bottin Giulio Rosati Department GMSC Pprime InstituteCNRS-University of Poitiers-ENSMAUPR 334686073 PoitiersFrance Department of Industrial Engineering University of Rome Tor Vergata00133 RomeItaly Department of Industrial Engineering University of Padova35122 PaduaItaly

This paper presents a new design of CADEL,a cable-driven elbow-assisting device,with light weighting and control *** new device design is appropriate to be more portable and user-oriented solution,presenting additional facilities with respect to the original *** of potential benefits of improved portability can be envisaged in the possibility of house and hospital usage keeping social distancing while allowing rehabilitation treatments even during a pandemic *** attention has been devoted to design main mechatronic components by developing specific kinematics *** design process includes an implementation of specific control hardware and *** kinematic model of the new design is formulated and features are evaluated through numerical simulations and experimental *** evaluation from original design highlights the proposed improvements mainly in terms of comfort,portability and user-oriented operation.

关键词： Rehabilitation robotics Medical devices Design Simulations Cable-driven parallel robot Control

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Opposite Interplay Between the Canonical WNT/β-Catenin Pathway and PPAR Gamma： A Potential Therapeutic Target in Gliomas

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2018年第3期34卷 573-588页

作者： AlexANDre Vallée Yves Lecarpentier Rémy Guillevin Jean-Noёl Vallée Laboratory of Mathematics and Applications Unites Mixtes de Recherche (UMR) Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 7348 University of Poitiers PoitiersFrance Delegation a la Recherche Clinique et a l'Innovation (DRCI) Hopital Foch Suresnes France Centre de Recherche Clinique Grand Hopital de l'EstFrancilien Meaux France DACTIM UMR CNRS 7348 University of Poitiers et CHU de Poitiers Poitiers France CHU Amiens Picardie University of Picardie Jules VerneAmiens France

In gliomas, the canonical Wingless/Int（WNT）/b-catenin pathway is increased while peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma（PPAR-c） is *** two systems act in an opposite manner. This review focuses on the interplay between WNT/b-catenin signaling and PPAR-c and their metabolic implications as potential therapeutic target in gliomas. Activation of the WNT/bcatenin pathway stimulates the transcription of genes involved in proliferation, invasion, nucleotide synthesis,tumor growth, and angiogenesis. Activation of PPAR-c agonists inhibits various signaling pathways such as the JAK/STAT, WNT/b-catenin, and PI3 K/Akt pathways,which reduces tumor growth, cell proliferation, cell invasiveness, and angiogenesis. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, curcumin, antipsychotic drugs, adiponectin,and sulforaphane downregulate the WNT/b-catenin pathway through the upregulation of PPAR-c and thus appear to provide an interesting therapeutic approach for ***（TMZ） is an antiangiogenic agent. The downstream action of this opposite interplay may explain the TMZ-resistance often reported in gliomas.

关键词： WNT/beta-catenin pathway PPAR gamma Glioma STAT3 pathway PI3K/Akt pathway NSAID Curcumin

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