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Diagnostic tools for fecal incontinence: Scoring systems are the crucial first step

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第6期30卷 516-522页

作者： Peter Liptak Martin Duricek Peter Banovcin clinic of Internal medicine-Gastroenterology University Hospital in MartinJessenius Faculty of Medicine in MartinComenius UniversityMartin 03601Slovakia

The main aim of this editorial is to comment on the recent article published by Garg et al in the World Journal of Gastroenterology 2023;29:*** original research presents a new scoring system for fecal *** incontinence is a chronic disease with a severe impact on the quality of life of the *** social stigmatization often leads to significant underreporting of the condition even during visits to a specialist and could lead to further misman-agement or non-existent management of the *** important fact is that patients are often unable to describe their condition when not asked precisely defined *** problem is partially resolved by scoring *** scoring systems are commonly used;however,each of them has their *** example,the absence of different kinds of leakage besides flatus and stool could further lead to underscoring the incontinence ***,there has long been a call for a more precise scoring *** correct identification of the presence and severity of fecal incontinence is paramount for further diagnostic approach and for choosing the appropriate therapy *** editorial describes fecal incontinence,its effect on quality of life in general and further evaluates the diagnostic approach with a particular focus on symptom scoring systems and their implications for clinical practice.

关键词： Incontinence Fecal Scoring system Questionary Quality of life

Use of artificial intelligence in the field of pain medicine

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World Journal of clinical Cases 2024年第2期12卷 236-239页

作者： Min Cheol Chang Department of physical medicine and Rehabilitation College of MedicineYeungnam UniversityDaegu 705-717South Korea

In this editorial we comment on the article“Potential and limitations of ChatGPT and generative artificial intelligence in medial safety education”published in the recent issue of the World Journal of clinical *** article described the usefulness of artificial intelligence(AI)in medial safety ***,we focus specifically on the use of AI in the field of pain *** technology has emerged as a powerful tool,and is expected to play an important role in the healthcare sector and significantly contribute to pain medicine as further developments are *** may have several applications in pain ***,AI can assist in selecting testing methods to identify causes of pain and improve diagnostic *** of a patient’s symptoms into the algorithm can prompt it to suggest necessary tests and possible *** on the latest medical information and recent research results,AI can support doctors in making accurate diagnoses and setting up an effective treatment ***,AI assists in interpreting medical *** neural and musculoskeletal disorders,imaging tests are of vital *** can analyze a variety of imaging data,including that from radiography,computed tomography,and magnetic resonance imaging,to identify specific patterns,allowing quick and accurate image ***,AI can predict the outcomes of pain treatments,contributing to setting up the optimal treatment *** predicting individual patient responses to treatment,AI algorithms can assist doctors in establishing a treatment plan tailored to each patient,further enhancing treatment *** efficient utilization of AI in the pain medicine field,it is crucial to enhance the accuracy of AI decision-making by using more medical data,while issues related to the protection of patient personal information and responsibility for AI decisions will have to be *** the future,AI technology is expected to be innovatively applied in the field of

关键词： Artificial intelligence Pain medicine Diagnosis Prediction Image

Esophageal inserted subclavian catheter:a rare complication

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World Journal of Emergency medicine 2024年第3期15卷 243-245页

作者： DilberÜçöz Kocaşaban SertaçGüler Emergency medicine clinic Health Sciences University Ankara Training and Research HospitalAnkara 06930Turkey

Central venous catheterization(CVC) is an invasive procedure for administering fluids,nutrients,and drugs;monitoring central venous pressure;performing pulmonary artery catheterization;and placing transvenous pacemakers in intensive care units and all specialties,from anesthesia to emergency medicine,for the treatment of trauma and hemodynamically unstable pediatric and adult patients.[1,2]Complications have been observed in more than 15% of patients who underwent ***,infectious,and thrombotic complications have been reported in 5%–19%,5%–26%,and 2%–26% of patients,respectively.[3] Malposition,on the other hand,is common in subclavian catheter insertion and is usually associated with an initially misplaced guidewire.[4]

关键词： unstable insertion initially

Effects of mesenchymal stem cell on dopaminergic neurons,motor and memory functions in animal models of Parkinson's disease:a systematic review and meta-analysis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第7期19卷 1584-1592页

作者： Jong Mi Park Masoud Rahmati Sang Chul Lee Jae Il Shin Yong Wook Kim Department and Research Institute of Rehabilitation medicine Yonsei University College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea Department of physical Education and Sport Sciences Faculty of Literature and Human SciencesLorestan UniversityKhoramabadIran Department of Pediatrics Yonsei University College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea

Parkinson’s disease is chara cterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars com pacta,and although restoring striatal dopamine levels may improve symptoms,no treatment can cure or reve rse the disease *** cell therapy has a regenerative effect and is being actively studied as a candidate for the treatment of Parkinson’s *** stem cells are considered a promising option due to fewer ethical concerns,a lower risk of immune rejection,and a lower risk of *** performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the therapeutic effects of mesenchymal stem cells and their derivatives on motor function,memory,and preservation of dopamine rgic neurons in a Parkinson’s disease animal *** searched bibliographic databases(PubMed/MEDLINE,Embase,CENTRAL,Scopus,and Web of Science)to identify articles and included only pee r-reviewed in vivo interve ntional animal studies published in any language through J une 28,*** study utilized the random-effect model to estimate the 95%confidence intervals(CI)of the standard mean differences(SMD)between the treatment and control *** use the systematic review center for laboratory animal expe rimentation’s risk of bias tool and the collaborative approach to meta-analysis and review of animal studies checklist for study quality assessment.A total of 33studies with data from 840 Parkinson’s disease model animals were included in the *** with mesenchymal stem cells significantly improved motor function as assessed by the amphetamine-induced rotational *** the stem cell types,the bone marrow MSCs with neurotrophic factor group showed la rgest effect size(SMD[95%CI]=-6.21[-9.50 to-2.93],P=0.0001,I^(2)=0.0%).The stem cell treatment group had significantly more tyrosine hydroxylase positive dopamine rgic neurons in the striatum([95%CI]=1.04[0.59 to 1.49],P=0.0001,I^(2)=65.1%)and substantia nigra(SMD[95%CI]=1.38[0.89 to 1.87],P=0.0001,I^(2)=75.3%),indicating a

关键词： animal animal experimentation mesenchymal stem cells models Parkinson’s disease stem cell transplantation

Chronic venous insufficiency, could it be one of the missing pieces in the puzzle of treating pain?

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World Journal of clinical Cases 2024年第1期12卷 232-235页

作者： Min Cheol Chang Department of physical medicine and Rehabilitation Yeungnam University HospitalDaegu 705-717South Korea

Pain is a common complaint among patients seeking medical *** left un-treated,pain can become chronic,significantly affecting patients’quality of *** accurate diagnosis of the underlying cause of pain is crucial for effective *** venous insufficiency(CVI)is frequently overlooked by pain ***,many pain physicians lack sufficient knowledge about *** is a common condition resulting from malfunctioning or damaged valves in lower limb *** of CVI,ranging from mild to severe,include pain,heaviness,fatigue,itching,swelling,skin color changes,and ulcers in the lower ***,it has become more widely known that these symptoms can be attributed to *** slight or mild CVI can cause related *** physicians primarily consider neuromusculoskeletal disorders when assessing patients with leg pain,and often neglect the possibility of *** clinical practice,when pain physicians encounter patients with unresolved leg pain,they must assess whether the patients exhibit symptoms of CVI and conduct tests to differ-entiate CVI from other potential causes.

关键词： Pain Chronic venous insufficiency Diagnosis Treatment Vein

Improved catalytic performance of CO_(2) electrochemical reduction reaction towards ethanol on chlorine-modified Cu-based electrocatalyst

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Nano Research 2024年第5期17卷 3761-3768页

作者： Yifan Liu Hehua Tang Yitian Zhou Bo-Lin Lin School of physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai 201210China

Effective electrochemical conversion of CO_(2) to value-added liquid multi-carbon products driven by renewable energy is a promising approach to alleviate excessive CO_(2) emission and achieve large-scale renewable energy ***,the selectivity and catalytic activity towards liquid multi-carbon products of CO_(2) electroreduction reaction are still unsatisfactory due to the sluggish C-C coupling process and the formation of complex oxygen-containing ***,designing and fabricating highly effective electrocatalysts is crucial for practical applications in this ***,we developed Cl-modified Cu catalyst(Cu-Cl)for efficient electrochemical reduction of CO_(2) to *** optimal Faradaic efficiency and partial current density of ethanol on the Cu-Cl sample reached 26.2%and 343.2 mA·cm^(-2) at-0.74 V(*** hydrogen electrode(RHE)),which were 1.66 and 1.76 times higher than those of the catalyst without Cl decoration,outperforming those in most previously reported *** functional theory(DFT)calculations revealed that the Cl-modified Cu surface suppressed the parasitic hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)and reduced the energy barrier for the C-C coupling process,making the formation of key intermediates favorable for ethanol ***,the decoration of Cl on the Cu surface facilitated ethanol formation.

关键词： CO_(2)electrochemical reduction halogen chlorine Cu-based catalysts ethanol multi-carbon products

NH_(4)Cl-assisted synthesis of TaON nanoparticle applied to photocatalytic hydrogen and oxygen evolution from water

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第7期94卷 541-550页

作者： Yao Xu Kaiwei Liu Jifang Zhang Boyang Zhang Jiaming Zhang Ke Shi Haifeng Wang Guijun Ma School of physical Science and Technology Shanghaitech UniversityShanghai 201210China

Oxynitride semiconductors are promising photocatalyst materials for visible light-driven water splitting,while the synthesis of well crystalized oxynitride still remains *** present work,narrow-bandgap TaON nanoparticles are synthesized via heating a vacuum-sealed mixture of KTaO_(3),Ta and NH_(4)*** method possesses multiple advantages in terms of lower calcination parameter,higher N conversion efficiency and superior photocatalytic activity in comparison with the traditional thermal ammonolysis using NH_(3) gas as a nitrogen *** the analysis of intermediates produced upon the elevation of heating temperature,a gas-solid-phase reaction between TaCl_(5) and Ta_(2)O_(5) is demonstrated as the final step,which is conducive to decreasing thermal energy barrier and accelerating nitridation *** control of preparation conditions,including calcination temperature and duration,allows for the regulation of surface O/N ratio of TaON particles to unity,resulting in optimized photocat-alytic *** assessment and intensity modulated photocurrent spectroscopy provide convincing evidence for improved charge transfer effciency of photoexcited holes at TaON surface.A Z-scheme overall water splitting is accomplished by employing the TaON as an effective oxygen evolution photocatalyst,SrTiO_(3):Rh as a hydrogen evolution photocatalyst,and reduced graphene oxide(rGO)as a solid-state electron *** work presents a promising strategy for the synthesis of high-quality oxynitride materials in application to photocatalytic water splitting.

关键词： TaON Oxynitride synthesis Photocatalyst Water splitting,Hydrogen Z-scheme

(Parallel) kinetic resolution of 3,3-disubstituted indolines via organocatalyzed reactions with azodicarboxylates

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第3期67卷 973-980页

作者： Qianwen Jiang Dekun Zhang Mengyao Tang Hua Liu Xiaoyu Yang School of physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai 201210China

A novel kinetic resolution(KR) method has been developed for 3,3-disubstituted indolines, whose catalytic asymmetric synthesis remains a significant challenge in organic synthesis. The key to the success of this KR protocol lies in the utilization of chiral phosphoric acid-catalyzed triazane formation reaction with azodicarboxylates, which enables the enantioselective synthesis of various substituted indolines bearing C3-quaternary stereocenters with good to high enantioselectivities(with sfactors up to 70). Moreover, an intriguing parallel kinetic resolution(PKR) has been developed by combining triazane formation and dehydrogenation reactions using different azodicarboxylates. Experimental studies have provided insight into the mechanism of this PKR reaction, demonstrating stereoselectivity in both triazane formation and dehydrogenation steps, favoring the opposite enantiomers. The large-scale synthesis and diverse derivatizations of the products, particularly the imine groupcontaining 3H-indoles, demonstrate the value of these(P)KR methods.

关键词： asymmetric organocatalysis kinetic resolution 3 3-disubstituted indolines azodicarboxylate triazanes

Higher-dimensional Chen-Lee-Liu equation and asymmetric peakon soliton

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第4期33卷 224-229页

作者：韩巧红贾曼 School of physical Science and Technology Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315211China

Integrable systems play a crucial role in physics and *** particular,the traditional(1+1)-dimensional and(2+1)-dimensional integrable systems have received significant attention due to the rarity of integrable systems in higher *** studies have shown that abundant higher-dimensional integrable systems can be constructed from(1+1)-dimensional integrable systems by using a deformation *** we establish a new(2+1)-dimensional Chen-Lee-Liu(C-L-L)equation using the deformation algorithm from the(1+1)-dimensional C-L-L *** new system is integrable with its Lax pair obtained by applying the deformation algorithm to that of the(1+1)-*** is challenging to obtain the exact solutions for the new integrable system because the new system combines both the original C-L-L equation and its reciprocal *** traveling wave solutions are derived in implicit function expression,and some asymmetry peakon solutions are found.

关键词： higher dimensional Chen-Lee-Liu equation Lax integrable system deformation algorithm implicit traveling wave solutions