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Experiences of Early and Enhanced Clinical Exposure for Postgraduate Neonatal Nursing Students at the university of zambia, School of Nursing Sciences: Lessons and Implications for the Future

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Open Journal of Nursing 2023年第6期13卷 352-367页

作者： Victoria Mwiinga Kalusopa Patricia Katowa-Mukwato Kabwe Chitundu Manasseh Mvula Selestine Nzala Marjorie Kabinga-Makukula Christabell Mwiinga Emmanuel Musenge Mwila Linda Kampata Micheal Kanyanta Mumba Micheal Chiguntap James Sichone Concept Kwaleyela Phadaless Phiri Suzan Mutemwa Mildred Zulu Chileshe Mwaba-Siwale Ruth Wahila Mukumbuta Nawa Mercy Monde Wamunyima Francina Makondo Charity Syatalimi Elliot Kafumukache Fastone Goma School of Nursing Sciences University of Zambia Lusaka Zambia School of Medicine and Health Sciences University of Lusaka Lusaka Zambia School of Medicine University of Zambia Lusaka Zambia School of Public Health University of Zambia Lusaka Zambia School of Health Sciences University of Zambia Lusaka Zambia School of Medicine and Health Sciences Mulungushi University Kabwe Zambia School of Public Health and Environmental Studies Levy Mwanawasa Medical University Lusaka Zambia Medical Library University of Zambia Lusaka Zambia Main Library University of Zambia Lusaka Zambia

Background and Objectives: Early and Enhanced Clinical Exposure immediately places postgraduate students in a clinical setting and incorporates continual hands-on instruction throughout their studies. It aims to motivate students by strengthening their academics, improving clinical and communication skills, and increasing their confidence. The underlying principles are to provide a clinical context and to ensure that the patient remains the centre of learning. The School of Nursing Sciences implemented this model in 2021 to produce hands-on Masters-level neonatal practitioners who can work in multidisciplinary clinical contexts. Therefore, this study explored the experiences of postgraduate nursing students on the Early and Enhanced Clinical Exposure model and draw implications for the future. Methods: A phenomenological study design was utilized at the university of zambia, School of Nursing Sciences and comprised of eight Master of Science Neonatal Nursing students in their second year. Convenience sampling was used to select the study site and participants. Data was collected between 15th January 2023 and 31st January 2023 using an in-depth interview guide. Audio recording and notes were transcribed immediately after data collection. Data analysis was conducted using thematic analysis and codes and themes were constructed from the coded data. Ethical clearance and permission were sought before conducting the study. Results: Four major themes emerged from the study: identity and role confusion, challenging and hectic experiences, positive educational experiences, and personal and professional growth. These themes contributed to the promotion of evidence-based practice by helping students to assess, diagnose, and treat various conditions, as well as gain interest, experience, knowledge, and exposure. Conclusion: The model has a significant impact on motivation to learn, as evidenced by reported increased skill level with potential for use in c

关键词： Experience Clinical Exposure Postgraduate Early Enhanced

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Enhancing Evidence-Based Practice and Critical Thinking Skills of Nursing Students: Lessons from the Review of the Bachelor of Science in Nursing Curriculum of the university of zambia

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Open Journal of Nursing 2022年第2期12卷 155-169页

作者： Mwiinga-Kalusopa Victoria Maimbolwa Margret Connie Wahila Ruth Katowa-Mukwato Patricia Vwalika Bellington Nzala Selestine Kabinga-Makukula Marjorie Chigunta Micheal Kampata Linda Kayamba Violet Kafumukache Elliot Simuyemba Moses Musenge Emmanuel Mwiinga Christabel Goma Fastone School of Nursing Sciences The University of Zambia Lusaka Zambia School of Medicine The University of Zambia Lusaka Zambia School of Public Health The University of Zambia Lusaka Zambia School of Medicine and Health Sciences Eden University Lusaka Zambia

Background: Making changes in the existing curriculum aims, objectives, course contents learning outcomes and assessment strategies have become a fact of life for nurse educators. Purpose: To enhance the existing Bachelor of Science (BSc) in nursing curriculum through integration of evidence-based practice (EBP) and teaching of critical thinking skills. Materials and Methods: A needs analysis was conducted using a five-phased approach to review the BSc in nursing Curriculum. Kern’s six-step model was adapted and introduced through a series of workshop exercises that highlighted the application of each step: 1) Desk review of the BSc curriculum offered globally;2) Administration of the needs assessment questionnaire to key informants;3) Strengths, weakness, opportunities and threat analysis;4) Consultative meeting with major stakeholders;5) Curriculum review. Results: The five-phased approach established some gaps in existing curricula, and identified critical core competences and best practices in integrating EPB and critical thinking in the BSc undergraduate curriculum and some “A” level content that was not in tandem with the practice of nurses. New courses were developed to support students in academic writing and enhance professionalism and duration of training was reduced from 5 to 4 years. Conclusion: The process demonstrated that BSc curriculum review, in fact, should be thoroughly scrutinized to encourage positive changes to the curriculum, provide opportunities for team building and the development of leadership skills and a whole-of course perspective on the curriculum.

关键词： Bachelor of Science Nursing Curriculum Evidence-Based Practice Critical Thinking Review

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The Use of Social Networks in Curbing HIV in Higher Education Institutions: A Case Study of the university of zambia

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World Journal of AIDS 2017年第2期7卷 122-137页

作者： Harrison Daka W. James Jacob Paul Kakupa Kapambwe Mwelwa Department of Educational Administration and Policy Studies University of Zambia Lusaka Zambia Institute for International Studies in Education School of Education University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA USA

The AIDS epidemic has affected every aspect of zambian society and is recognized as the greatest public health challenge of the past 30 years. Nevertheless, education can generate hope in the face of the epidemic using different methods, including social networks. This article investigates the positive and negative impacts of social networks on the spread of HIV at the university of zambia (UNZA). The research study included survey-based oral interviews with 280 UNZA students. During the course of the study, we realized that efforts have been and are being put in place at UNZA to use online social networks to spread news about HIV and AIDS and how to stop its transmission. Findings showed that most participants felt that social networks hastened the spread of the virus among social media users. Despite social networks having a few positive effects, the results of our study indicate that the negative effects far outweigh the positive effects.

关键词： Social Networking Social Media Facebook Online Relationships HIV Education

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Chronic hepatitis B virus monoinfection at a university hospital in zambia

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World Journal of Hepatology 2018年第9期10卷 622-628页

作者： Michael J Vinikoor Edford Sinkala Annie Kanunga Mutinta Muchimba Bright Nsokolo Roma Chilengi Gilles Wandeler Joseph Mulenga Tina Chisenga Debika Bhattacharya Michael S Saag Graham Foster Michael W Fried Paul Kelly Tropical Gastroenterology and Nutrition Group School of MedicineUniversity of ZambiaLusaka 50110Zambia Centre for Infectious Disease Research in zambia Lusaka 34681Zambia Department of Medicine University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAL 35294United States Department of Infectious Diseases Bern University HospitalUniversity of BernBern 3012Switzerland Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine University of BernBern 3012Switzerland zambia National Blood Transfusion Service Private Bag RW1X RidgewayLusaka 50110Zambia zambian Ministry of Health Ndeke HouseLusaka 30205Zambia Department of Medicine University of California at Los AngelesLos AngelesCA 90035United States Blizard Institute Barts and The London School of MedicineQueen Mary University of LondonLondon E1 2ATUnited Kingdom Department of Medicine University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27514United States

AIM To characterize antiviral therapy eligibility among hepatitis B virus(HBV)-infected adults at a university hospital in *** Hepatitis B surface antigen-positive adults(n = 160) who were h IV-negative and referred to the hospital after a routine or clinically-driven HBV test were enrolled. Alanine Aminotransferase(ALT),Aspartate Aminotransferase(AST),platelet count,hepatitis B e-antigen,and HBV DNA were measured. Liver fibrosis/cirrhosis was assessed by physical examination,AST-to-platelet ratio index,and transient elastography. In antiviral therapy-na?ve individuals,we described hBV stages and antiviral therapy eligibility per World health Organization(WhO) and by hBV test(routine vs clinical). Elevated ALT was > 19 in women and > 30 U/L in men. Among treatmentexperienced individuals,we described medication side effects,adherence,and viral *** The median age was 33 years,71.9% were men,and 30.9% were diagnosed with HBV through a clinicallydriven test with the remainder identified via routine testing(at the blood bank,community events,etc.). Among 120 treatment-na?ve individuals,2.5% were categorized as immune tolerant,11.7% were immune active,35.6% were inactive carriers,and 46.7% had an indeterminate phenotype. Per WhO guidelines,13(10.8%) were eligible for immediate antiviral therapy. The odds of eligibility were eight times higher for those diagnosed at clinical vs routine settings(adjusted odds ratio,8.33; 95%CI: 2.26-29.41). Among 40 treatmentexperienced hBV patients,virtually all took tenofovir,and a history of mild side effects was reported in 20%. Though reported adherence was good,12 of 29(41.4%) had HBV DNA > 20 IU/m L. CONCLUSION Approximately one in ten HBV-monoinfected zambians were eligible for antivirals. Many had indeterminate phenotype and needed clinical follow-up.

关键词： Hepatitis B virus Liver fibrosis Treatment Tenofovir Africa

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Strengthening Post-Operative Pain Assessment in Patients with Major Abdominal Surgery, university Teaching Hospitals, zambia

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Pain Studies and Treatment 2020年第2期8卷 23-34页

作者： Ruth Wahila Etienne Bwana-Fwamba-Koshe Odimba Catherine Ngoma Department of Basic and Clinical Nursing Sciences School of Nursing Sciences University of Zambia Lusaka Zambia Department of Surgery School of Medicine University of Zambia Lusaka Zambia Department of Midwifery Women’s and Child Health School of Nursing Sciences University of Zambia Lusaka Zambia

Systematic, routine pain assessment using standardized clinical guidelines is the foundation of effective pain management for patients who are unable to self-report pain. In zambia, there are no context appropriate standardised clinical guidelines for post-operative pain observations. This study sought to develop such a clinical guideline in form of an assessment tool. The study adopted an exploratory sequential mixed method through a three-phased approach and an adapted Clinical Decision Making Survey instrument was used. Snowball sampling was employed and in phases II and III, purposive sampling was used. The study was conducted at the university Teaching Hospitals where 120 participants were enrolled in the study. Phases II and III provided preliminary internal validation processes of the developed tool, where discussions, orientation and trial implementation of the tool were done. In phase II of the study, 47 participants comprising of nurses participated while in phase III, there were 11 nurses and 32 participants. The results yielded the first ever standardised post-operative pain assessment tool for patients with major abdominal surgery in zambia. The tool is made up of six dimensions of the identified nonverbal indicators of post-operative pain in patients with major abdominal surgery namely: facial expressions, mobility, activity intolerance, behavioural disturbance, communication ability and vital signs. The present study showed that the developed post-operative pain assessment tool for zambia is acceptable for use among patients who have had major abdominal surgery and can facilitate improved post-operative pain management for most patients.

关键词： Development Post-Operative Pain Assessment Tool Nonverbal Indicators Major Abdominal Surgery

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Quality of Life in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients on Dialysis at the university Teaching Hospital-Adult Hospital, Lusaka, zambia

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Open Journal of Nephrology 2022年第4期12卷 460-481页

作者： Justina Kasonde Majorie Makukula Emmanuel Musenge School of Health Rusangu University Monze Zambia Department of Basic and Clinical Nursing Sciences University of Zambia Lusaka Zambia

Introduction: The importance of determining health related quality of life in Chronic Kidney Disease patients on dialysis is well established. However, research was limited in establishing the health related quality of life for chronic kidney disease patients on dialysis at university Teaching Hospital-Adult Hospital. Further the effects of haemoglobin levels and adequacy of dialysis on their health related quality of life were unknown. Therefore, the study sought to answer a research question: what is the health-related Quality of Life for Chronic Kidney Disease patients on dialysis at university Teaching Hospital? Method: The study was an analytical cross-sectional study that used a census sampling method. The study participants comprised of 104 patients who sought dialysis services (2020-2021) from the university Teaching Hospital-Renal Unit in Lusaka, zambia. A structured Kidney Disease Quality of Life Short form (KDQOL-SF 36) was used to collect data. The Data was analyzed using the Statistics and Data software version 13, Chi-square tests, and logistic regression analysis was employed to analyse the data. A confidence interval of 95% was set with a significant level of 0.05. Results: The study included 104 Chronic Kidney Disease patients from the Dialysis Unit at university Teaching Hospital in Lusaka, zambia. Two-thirds (68%) of the patients had a good overall health-related quality of life with the biological wellbeing having exceptionally high scores. The male gender (66.7%), unemployment (69.4%), and low haemoglobin levels (77.8%) were identified as factors associated with poor health-related quality of life. Conclusion: The health related quality of life of Chronic Kidney Disease patients at university Teaching Hospital was good. Low haemoglobin levels, age, male sex and unemployment were found to be factors associated with poor health related quality of life. Integration of health-related quality of life assessment for Chronic Kidney disease patients on

关键词： Health-Related Quality of Life Dialysis Chronic Kidney Disease Ade-quacy of Dialysis Haemoglobin Levels

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Study Protocol on Stroke Management: Role of Nurses and Physiotherapists at the Adult university Teaching Hospital, Lusaka zambia

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2021年第9期9卷 25-37页

作者： Patricia Katowa-Mukwato Martha Chalwe Banda Michael Mumba Kanyanta Emmanuel Mwila Musenge Peter D.C. Phiri Victoria Mwiinga-Kalusopa Fabian Chapima Micah Simpamba Charity Kapenda Hastings Shula Department of Basic and Clinical Nursing Sciences School of Nursing Sciences University of Zambia Lusaka Zambia Department of Physiotherapy School of Health Sciences University of Zambia Lusaka Zambia

Background: Management of stroke patients requires a multidisciplinary approach. Literature presents unequivocal evidence of improved outcomes when patients are treated in a stroke unit by multi-disciplinary teams made up of medical doctors, nurses, physiotherapists and occupational therapists. Among the multidisciplinary team members, physiotherapists and nurses are the largest professional workforce working with both stroke patients and survivors. This study, therefore, aims at investigating the role of nurses and physiotherapists in the management of stroke patients at the Adult university Teaching Hospital. Methodology: This study shall utilize a convergent parallel mixed method design where both quantitative and qualitative data will be collected at the same time resulting in two data sets which will eventually be merged at the point of discussion. The quantitative component shall utilize an analytical cross-sectional approach while the qualitative component shall use a qualitative case study approach. The study will be conducted at the Adult university Teaching Hospital in Lusaka. Data will be collected from all the 287 nurses and 37 physiotherapists working in the Emergency Department, Medical Wards, Adult Intensive Care Unit and the Department of Physiotherapy. Quantitative data will be analyzed using Statistical Package for social sciences. Descriptive statistics shall be computed on the role of nurses and physiotherapists in stroke care. In addition, chi-square and fisher’s exact tests will be used in the test for associations between variables while binary logistic regression will be used in identifying predictors of the various roles played by nurses and physiotherapists in the management of stroke patients. Qualitative data will be analyzed using thematic analysis in order to generate new concepts and a substantive model of care for stroke patients. Conclusion: Despite research evidence of improved outc

关键词： Stroke Management Nursing Role Physiotherapy Role Model of Care

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Clinical Supervision of Midwifery Students at the university Teaching Hospital School of Nursing and Midwifery in Lusaka, zambia

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Open Journal of Nursing 2018年第6期8卷 372-389页

作者： Naomi Bweupe Catherine M. Ngoma Brenda Sianchapa Lusaka Schools of Nursing Midwifery and Theatre Nursing Lusaka Zambia university of zambia School of Nursing Sciences Lusaka Zambia

Introduction: Clinical supervision plays a significant role in the acquisition of psychomotor skills by student midwives during training leading to the provision of high quality midwifery care. However, the acquisition of the psychomotor skills required for successful practice and learning can only be acquired if student midwives are supported and guided by clinical supervisors in their learning environments. Main Objective: The main objective of the study was to determine factors influencing clinical supervision of Student Midwives in Lusaka Urban District. Methodology: A cross-sectional study design that employed both quantitative and qualitative methods was used. The study population comprised 124 Nurses and Midwives working in Lusaka urban District. Self-administered questionnaires were used to collect data from the Nurses and midwives and a focus group discussion guide was used to guide discussions with the student midwives at Lusaka College of Nursing and Midwifery and a total of three focus group discussions were conducted. Quantitative data were entered into by Statistical Package Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22 for windows. Chi-square test was used to test associations among variables. The confidence interval was set at 95% with a significance level of 0.05. Qualitative data were analysed using content analysis to classify words into themes and categories by looking for repeated ideas or patterns of thoughts. Results: The findings showed that a high percentage of the clinical supervisors (89.5%) had not been trained in clinical supervision and most respondents had moderate knowledge on clinical supervision of students. Majority of the respondents (63%) exhibited inadequate supervision skills. The attitudes of all the supervisors towards supervision were positive. A large percentage of respondents (73%) were competent in clinical supervision. However the learning environment considered to be poor by most respondents (61%). The study revealed a significant

关键词： Clinical Supervision Student Midwives Knowledge Attitude Competence/Skills and Learning Environment

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Acceptability of Caesarean Section among Pregnant Women Seeking Antenatal Care at Women and Newborn Hospital-university Teaching Hospitals, Lusaka zambia

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2024年第5期14卷 721-743页

作者： Huhenya Sharon Chongo Maureen Masumo Namayipo Nankamba Lusaka College of Nursing and Midwifery University Teaching Hospital Lusaka Zambia Department of Midwifery Women and Child Health School of Nursing Sciences University of Zambia Lusaka Zambia

Caesarean section remains one of the most common obstetric and major operations performed on women during pregnancy and has contributed to improving maternal and foetal health. Consequently, significant mortality and morbidity from pregnancy and labour-related causes can be eliminated by a timely caesarean section. The acceptance of the life-saving procedure remains unsatisfactory in most sub-Saharan nations. The study aimed to assess the acceptability of caesarean section and associated factors among pregnant women seeking antenatal care at Women and Newborn Hospital-university Teaching Hospitals in Lusaka zambia. The study utilised a quantitative cross-sectional analytical study design involving 420 pregnant women selected using systematic random sampling at Women and Newborn Hospital-university Teaching Hospitals Lusaka zambia. Data was obtained using an Interview schedule and analysed using R software version 4.3.2. Chi-square, Fisher’s exact test, Wilcoxon rank sum test and binary logistic regression for statistical analysis at a 5% level of significance. The study found that the acceptability of Caesarean section as a mode of delivery was low (29%) among respondents at Women and Newborn Hospital-university Teaching Hospitals. This was influenced by marital status (P = 0.002), socioeconomic status (P = 0.050), parity (P = 0.004), gestation age (P = 0.008), previous history of caesarean section (P = 0.003), knowledge (P university Teaching Hospitals, despite its potential benefits for maternal and neonatal health. Socio-demographic and maternal characteristics, knowledge, attitude, perception, and socio-cultural beliefs play a major role in determining acceptability. Therefore, efforts to enhance acceptability should focus on improving knowledge, enhancing positive perceptions and attitudes, an

关键词： Caesareans Section Acceptability Knowledge Attitude Perception

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Application of Ordinary Kriging in Mapping Soil Organic Carbon in zambia

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Pedosphere 2017年第2期27卷 338-343页

作者： Lydia Mumbi CHABALA Augustine MULOLWA Obed LUNGU Department of Soil Science University of Zambia School of Agricultural Sciences P.O. Box 32379 Lusaka (Zambia) Department of Geomatic Engineering University of Zambia School of Engineering/National Remote Sensing Center P.O. Box 32379 Lusaka (Zambia)

The quantification of the pattern and spatial distribution of soil organic carbon （SOC） is fundamental to understand many ecosystem processes. This study aimed to apply ordinary kriging （OK） to model the spatial distribution of SOC in a selected part of zambia. A total of 100 soil samples were collected from the study area and analyzed for SOC by determining soil oxidizable carbon using the Walkley-Black method. An automated fitting procedure was followed when modeling the spatial structure of the SOC data with the exponential semivariogram. The results indicated that the short range spatial dependence of SOC was strong with a nugget close to zero. The spatial autocorrelation was high to medium with a nugget to sill ratio of 0.25. The root mean square error of the predictions was 0.64, which represented 58.18% of the mean observed data for SOC. It can be concluded that the generated map could serve as a proxy for SOC in the region where evidence of spatial structure and quantitative estimates of uncertainty are reported. Therefore, the maps produced can be used as guides for various uses including optimization of soil sarapling.

关键词： exponential semivariogram geographical distribution geostatistical procedure oxidizable carbon spatial autocorrela-tion

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