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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第4期19卷 788-799页

作者： R.Scott Duncan Sean M.Riordan Matthew C.Gernon Peter Koulen Department of Ophthalmology School of MedicineUniversity of Missouri Department of biomedical sciences School of MedicineUniversity of Missouri

Cannabinoids are lipophilic substances derived from Cannabis sativa that can exert a variety of effects in the human *** have been studied in cellular and animal models as well as in human clinical trials for their therapeutic benefits in several human *** of these include central nervous system(CNS)diseases and dysfunctions such as forms of epilepsy,multiple sclerosis,Parkinson’s disease,pain and neuropsychiatric *** addition,the endogenously produced cannabinoid lipids,endocannabinoids,are critical for normal CNS function,and if controlled or modified,may represent an additional therapeutic avenue for CNS *** review discusses in vitro cellular,ex vivo tissue and in vivo animal model studies on cannabinoids and their utility as therapeutics in multiple CNS *** addition,the review provides an overview on the use of cannabinoids in human clinical trials for a variety of CNS *** and endocannabinoids hold promise for use as disease modifiers and therapeutic agents for the prevention or treatment of neurodegenerative diseases and neurological disorders.

关键词： anandamide cannabidiol cannabinoid endocannabinoid epilepsy multiple sclerosis neurodegeneration neuroprotection tetrahydrocannabinol

Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists as a possible intervention to delay the onset of type 1 diabetes:A new horizon

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第2期15卷 133-136页

作者： Mahmoud Nassar Ajay Chaudhuri Husam Ghanim Paresh Dandona Department of Internal medicine Division of EndocrinologyDiabetes and MetabolismJacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical SciencesUniversity of BuffaloBuffaloNY 14221United States

Type 1 diabetes(T1D)is a chronic autoimmune condition that destroys insulinproducing beta cells in the pancreas,leading to insulin deficiency and *** management of T1D primarily focuses on exogenous insulin replacement to control blood glucose ***,this approach does not address the underlying autoimmune process or prevent the progressive loss of beta *** research has explored the potential of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists(GLP-1RAs)as a novel intervention to modify the disease course and delay the onset of ***-1RAs are medications initially developed for treating type 2 *** exert their effects by enhancing glucose-dependent insulin secretion,suppressing glucagon secretion,and slowing gastric *** evidence suggests that GLP-1RAs may also benefit the treatment of newly diagnosed patients with *** article aims to highlight the potential of GLP-1RAs as an intervention to delay the onset of T1D,possibly through their potential immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects and preservation of *** article aims to explore the potential of shifting the paradigm of T1D management from reactive insulin replacement to proactive disease modification,which should open new avenues for preventing and treating T1D,improving the quality of life and long-term outcomes for individuals at risk of T1D.

关键词： Type 1 diabetes Semaglutide Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists Insulin therapy Autoimmune response Blood glucose monitoring Β-cell preservation Early screening Teplizumab Randomized controlled trials

Liquid metal biomaterials: translational medicines,challenges and perspectives

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National Science Review 2024年第2期11卷 264-284页

作者： Hanchi Xu Jincheng Lu Yikuang Xi Xuelin Wang Jing Liu Department of biomedical Engineering School of Medicine Tsinghua University Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital School of Clinical Medicine Tsinghua University Shanghai World Foreign Language Academy Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for biomedical Engineering School of Engineering MedicineBeihang University Beijing Key Lab of Cryo-biomedical Engineering and Key Lab of Cryogenics Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences

Until now, significant healthcare challenges and growing urgent clinical requirements remain incompletely addressed by presently available biomedical materials. This is due to their inadequate mechanical compatibility, suboptimal physical and chemical properties, susceptibility to immune rejection, and concerns about long-term biological safety. As an alternative, liquid metal(LM) opens up a promising class of biomaterials with unique advantages like biocompatibility, flexibility, excellent electrical conductivity,and ease of functionalization. However, despite the unique advantages and successful explorations of LM in biomedical fields, widespread clinical translations and applications of LM-based medical products remain limited. This article summarizes the current status and future prospects of LM biomaterials, interprets their applications in healthcare, medical imaging, bone repair, nerve interface, and tumor therapy, *** to translate LM materials into medicine and obstacles encountered in practices are *** that, we outline a blueprint for LM clinics, emphasizing their potential in making new-generation artificial organs. Last, the core challenges of LM biomaterials in clinical translation, including bio-safety,material stability, and ethical concerns are also discussed. Overall, the current progress, translational medicine bottlenecks, and perspectives of LM biomaterials signify their immense potential to drive future medical breakthroughs and thus open up novel avenues for upcoming clinical practices.

关键词： liquid metal biomaterials translational medicine clinical device healthcare therapeutics

Pathogenic and therapeutic role of exosomes in neurodegenerative disorders

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第1期19卷 75-79页

作者： Christa C.Huber Hongmin Wang Division of Basic biomedical sciences Sanford School of MedicineUniversity of South DakotaVermillionSDUSA

Neurodegenerative disorders affect millions of people worldwide,and the prevalence of these disorders is only projected to rise as the number of people over 65 will drastically increase in the coming *** therapies exist to aid in symptomatic relief,effective treatments that can stop or reve rse the progress of each neurodegenerative disease are ***,research on the role of extracellular vesicles as disease markers and therapeutics has been intensively ***,30-150 nm in diameter,are one type of extracellular vesicles facilitating cell-to-cell *** are thought to play a role in disease propagation in a variety of neurodegenerative diseases,such as Alzheimer's disease,Parkinson s disease,and amyotrophic lateral ***,the exosomes derived from the patients are an invaluable source of disease *** the other hand,exosomes,especially those derived from stem cells,could serve as a therapeutic for these disorders,as seen by a rapid increase in clinical trials investigating the therapeutic efficacy of exosomes in different neurological *** review summarizes the pathological burden and therapeutic approach of exosomes in neurodegenerative *** also highlight how heat shock increases the yield of exosomes while still maintaining their therapeutic ***,this review concludes with outstanding questions that remain to be addressed in exosomal research.

关键词： aging Alzheimer's disease biomarker drug exosome extracellular vesicle neurodegenerative disease Parkinson's disease therapy

Three-dimensional morphological and fluorescent imaging of zebrafish with a continuous-rotational light-sheet microscope

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health sciences 2024年第2期17卷 59-66页

作者： Dongmin Zhang Guang Yang Yao Tan Chong Chen Jie Zhang Hui Li school of biomedical Engineering(Suzhou)Division of Life sciences and medicine university of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230041 P.R.China Suzhou Institute of biomedical Engineering and Technology Chinese A cademy of sciences Suzhou Jiangsu 215163P.R.China

Light-sheet fluorescence microscopy(LSFM)has been widely used to image the three-dimensional(3D)structures and functions of various millimeter-size bio-specimen such as ***,the sample adsorption and scattering cause shading of the light-sheet illumination,preventing the even 3D image of thick ***,we report a continuous-rotational light-sheet microscope(CR-LSM)that enables simultaneous 3D bright-field and fluorescence *** a high-accuracy rotational stage,CR-LSM records the outline projections and the fluorescent images of the sample at multiple rotation ***,3D morphology and fluorescent structure were reconstructed with a developed *** CR-LSM,zebrafish’s whole-fish contour and blood vessel structures were obtained simultaneously.

关键词： Light-sheet microscope zebrafish blood vessels morphology

Prediction of cell-cell communication patierns of dorsal root ganglion cells: single-cell RNA sequencing data analysis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第6期19卷 1367-1374页

作者： Yanna Lian Cheng Wu Li Liu Xiangyao Li National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical sciences Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology Ministry of Education Frontier Science Center for Brain Research and Brain-Machine Integration School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine Zhejiang University International Institutes of medicine the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine Zhejiang university-university of Edinburgh Institute Zhejiang University School of Medicine Zhejiang University 4. Biomedical Sciences College of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine The University of Edinburgh Core Facilities of the school of medicine Zhejiang University

Dorsal root ganglion neurons transmit peripheral somatic information to the central nervous system, and dorsal root ganglion neuron excitability affects pain perception. Dorsal root ganglion stimulation is a new approach for managing pain sensation. Knowledge of the cell-cell communication among dorsal root ganglion cells may help in the development of new pain and itch management strategies. Here, we used the single-cell RNA-sequencing(scRNA-seq) database to investigate intercellular communication networks among dorsal root ganglion cells. We collected scRNA-seq data from six samples from three studies, yielding data on a total of 17,766 cells. Based on genetic profiles, we identified satellite glial cells, Schwann cells, neurons, vascular endothelial cells, immune cells, fibroblasts, and vascular smooth muscle cells. Further analysis revealed that eight types of dorsal root ganglion neurons mediated proprioceptive, itch, touch, mechanical, heat, and cold sensations. Moreover, we predicted several distinct forms of intercellular communication among dorsal root ganglion cells, including cell-cell contact, secreted signals, extracellular matrix, and neurotransmitter-mediated signals. The data mining predicted that Mrgpra3-positive neurons robustly express the genes encoding the adenosine Adora2b(A2B) receptor and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor family receptor alpha 1(GFRα-1). Our immunohistochemistry results confirmed the coexpression of the A2B receptor and GFRα-1. Intrathecal injection of the A2B receptor antagonist PSB-603 effectively prevented histamine-induced scratching behaviour in a dose-dependent manner. Our results demonstrate the involvement of the A2B receptor in the modulation of itch sensation. Furthermore, our findings provide insight into dorsal root ganglion cell-cell communication patterns and mechanisms. Our results should contribute to the development of new strategies for the regulation of dorsal root ganglion excitability.

关键词： cell-cell communications CellChat dorsal root ganglion scRNA-Seq database

Defense and anti-defense mechanisms of bacteria and bacteriophages

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Journal of Zhejiang university-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2024年第3期25卷 181-196页

作者： Xiaoqing WANG Sebastian LEPTIHN school of medicine Lishui UniversityLishui 323000China university of Edinburgh Medical school Biomedical SciencesCollege of Medicine&Veterinary MedicineThe University of EdinburghEdinburgh EH89JZUK HMU Health and Medical university Am Anger 64/73-99084 ErfurtGermany

In the post-antibiotic era,the overuse of antimicrobials has led to a massive increase in antimicrobial resistance,leaving medical doctors few or no treatment options to fight infections caused by *** use of bacteriophages is a promising alternative to treat infections,supplementing or possibly even replacing *** phages for therapy is possible,since these bacterial viruses can kill bacteria specifically,causing no harm to the normal ***,bacteria have developed a multitude of sophisticated and complex ways to resist infection by phages,including abortive infection and the clustered regularly interspersed short palindromic repeats(CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated(Cas)*** also can evolve and acquire new anti-defense strategies to continue *** in-depth exploration of both defense and anti-defense mechanisms would contribute to optimizing phage therapy,while we would also gain novel insights into the microbial *** this paper,we summarize recent research on bacterial phage resistance and phage anti-defense mechanisms,as well as collaborative win-win systems involving both virus and host.

关键词： Bacteriophage Phage resistance Abortive infection Phage therapy

Large-field objective lens for multi-wavelength microscopy at mesoscale and submicron resolution

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Opto-Electronic Advances 2024年第6期7卷 41-56页

作者： Xin Xu Qin Luo Jixiang Wang Yahui Song Hong Ye Xin Zhang Yi He Minxuan Sun Ruobing Zhang Guohua Shi school of biomedical Engineering(Suzhou) Division of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Optics Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and TechnologyChinese Academy of ScienceSuzhou 215163China

Conventional microscopes designed for submicron resolution in biological research are hindered by a limited field of view,typically around 1 *** restriction poses a challenge when attempting to simultaneously analyze various parts of a sample,such as different brain *** addition,conventional objective lenses struggle to perform consistently across the required range of wavelengths for brain imaging in *** we present a novel mesoscopic objective lens with an impressive field of view of 8 mm,a numerical aperture of 0.5,and a working wavelength range from 400 to 1000 *** achieved a resolution of 0.74μm in fluorescent beads *** versatility of this lens was further demonstrated through high-quality images of mouse brain and kidney sections in a wide-field imaging system,a confocal laser scanning system,and a two-photon imaging *** mesoscopic objective lens holds immense promise for advancing multi-wavelength imaging of large fields of view at high resolution.

关键词： mesoscopic objective lens large field-of-view high resolution multi-wavelength wide-field microscopy confocal laser scanning microscopy

Er_(2)TiO_(5)@Ag nanocomposites:Enhanced photocatalysis and bacteria inactivation,and cytotoxicity

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第5期42卷 851-858,I0002页

作者： Mehdi Nazeri Hossein Sedaghat Reza Rafiei Mohammad Amin Farzin Seyed Mostafa Hosseinpour Mashkani Department of Parasitology and Mycology Kashan University of Medical SciencesKashanIran Department of Microbiology Kashan University of Medical SciencesKashanIran General medicine Student School of MedicineKashan University of Medical SciencesKashanIran Student Research Committee Kashan University of Medical SciencesKashanIran Institute for biomedical Materials and Devices School of Mathematical and Physical SciencesFaculty of ScienceUniversity of Technology SydneyNSW2007Australia

In this study,we successfully synthesized Er_(2)TiO_(5)@Ag nanocomposites(NCPs) using the ultrasonicmediated sol-gel technique to create a multifunctional material with enhanced photocatalytic and antibacterial *** visible light photocatalytic activities of Er_(2)TiO_(5) nanoparticles(NPs) and Er_(2)TiO_(5)@Ag NCPs were systematically evaluated under various conditions,including different concentrations of Basic Blue 41(BB 41) dye and *** results reveal a remarkable improvement in the photocatalytic degradation efficiency of Er_(2)TiO_(5)@Ag NCPs(95%) compared to Er_(2)TiO_(5) NPs(80%).Furthermore,the antibacterial efficacy of Er_(2)TiO_(5) NPs and Er2TiO_5@Ag NCPs were extensively examined against Gram-positive and Gram-negative ***,Er_(2)TiO_(5)@Ag NCPs exhibit significantly higher minimum bactericidal concentration(MBC) values compared to Er_(2)TiO_(5) *** antibacterial effect of Er_(2)TiO_(5)@Ag NCPs is particularly pronounced against *** and Pseudomonas aeruginosa,while demonstrating moderate effects on Escherichia coli and Enterococcus *** assess the biocompatibility of the synthesized materials,we investigated their internalization by MCF-7 ***,both Er_(2)TiO_(5) NPs and Er_(2)TiO_(5)@Ag NCPs are found to be effectively internalized by the cells,suggesting their potential application in biomedical ***,our study unveils the exceptional potential of Er_(2)TiO_(5)@Ag NCPs as a dual-action solution,simultaneously possessing enhanced photocatalytic efficiency and potent antibacterial *** multifunctional nanocomposite not only outperforms Er_(2)TiO_(5) and Ag but also paves the way for innovative applications in sustainable environmental remediation and advanced biomedical technologies,promising a brighter and cleaner future.

关键词： Rare earth catalysis Nanocomposite Er_(2)TiO_(5)@Ag Antibacterial activity Photocatalysis Cytotoxicity

Allelic reprogramming of chromatin states in human early embryos

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National Science Review 2024年第3期11卷 58-71页

作者： Shenli Yuan Lei Gao Wenrong Tao Jianhong Zhan Gang Lu Jingye Zhang Chuanxin Zhang Lizhi Yi Zhenbo Liu Zhenzhen Hou Min Dai Han Zhao Zi-Jiang Chen Jiang Liu Keliang Wu Center for Reproductive medicine Shandong University CAS Key Laboratory of Genome sciences and Information Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development Beijing Institute of Genomicsand China National Center for BioinformationChinese Academy of Sciences university of Chinese Academy of sciences CUHK-SDU Joint Laboratory on Reproductive Genetics School of Biomedical Sciences the Chinese University of Hong Kong Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of the Ministry of Education Shandong University Center for Reproductive medicine Ren Ji Hospital School of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University CAS Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics Chinese Academy of Sciences

The reprogramming of parental epigenomes in human early embryos remains elusive. To what extent the characteristics of parental epigenomes are conserved between humans and mice is currently unknown. Here,we mapped parental haploid epigenomes using human parthenogenetic and androgenetic embryos. Human embryos have a larger portion of genome with parentally specific epigenetic states than mouse *** allelic patterns of epigenetic states for orthologous regions are not conserved between humans and mice. Nevertheless, it is conserved that maternal DNA methylation and paternal H3K27me3 are associated with the repression of two alleles in humans and mice. In addition, for DNA-methylation-dependent imprinting, we report 19 novel imprinted genes and their associated germline differentially methylated regions. Unlike in mice, H3K27me3-dependent imprinting is not observed in human early ***, allele-specific epigenomic reprogramming is different in humans and mice.

关键词： human embryo epigenetics reprogramming DNA methylation H3K27me3 chromatin accessibility