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Inflation Transmission Diagnostics via a Bayesian Graph Vector Autoregressive Model with Markov Switching

Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2024年

作者： FU Jiali CAI Fengjing WU Jinran ZHAO Shangrui WANG You-Gan 1.College of Mathematics and Physics, Wenzhou university 2.Institute for Positive Psychology and Education, Australian Catholic university 3.School of Science, Wuhan university of Technology 4.School of Mathematics and Physics, The university of Queensland College of Mathematics and Physics Wenzhou University Institute for Positive Psychology and Education Australian Catholic University School of Science Wuhan University of Technology School of Mathematics and Physics The University of Queensland

The transmission of inflation is a widespread occurrence, and managing inflationary pressures is a crucial macroeconomic challenge. Although inflation is a typical macroeconomic variable,its contemporaneous and lagged causal relationships have not been thoroughly investigated, which could result in missing important policy insights. The Bayesian graph vector autoregression(BGVAR)model can identify contemporaneous and lagged causal relationships among economic variables, but it lacks practical research on inflationary inflation. To account for the structural transformation in the inflation transmission process, the authors propose a Bayesian graph vector autoregressive model with Markov switching(MS-BGVAR), which considers both regime switching and contemporaneous causality among macroeconomic variables. The proposed study focuses on analyzing the dynamics of inflation transmission relationships among G7 countries under different regimes, as these countries represent developed nations. The authors use inflation data from 1971–2019, which shows two distinct inflation regimes within the sample period. The authors conduct simulation experiments to generate moderately dimensional simulated data for both regimes and indicators, demonstrating the theoretical reliability of the proposed model in accurately identifying graph structures. Finally, the authors apply the proposed model to identify structural breaks and causal transmission relationships in the inflation transmission process of G7 economies, demonstrating that the proposed model has significant economic significance and good explanatory power in the selected target countries.

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Experimental determination of heat generation rates of lithium-ion batteries by thermal protection method

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Science China Technological Sciences 2024年

作者： SHI JingHe ZHANG HengYun YU Hong WANG XiaoLin 1.School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Shanghai university of Engineering Science 2.School of Engineering, university of Tasmania School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering Shanghai University of Engineering Science School of Engineering University of Tasmania

Experimental determination of heat generation rates is crucial in the thermal safety design of automotive batteries. A thermal protection method(TPM) is proposed to determine the heat generation rates of 18650 cylindrical lithium-ion batteries under different discharge rates. The physical model based on the thermal protection method is established, and its feasibility is demonstrated through theoretical analysis. In the experimental setup, by introducing lateral thermal protection batteries(TPB) to minimize the heat loss of the center test battery(CTB), heat generation rates of the battery can be obtained based on the temperature change of the CTB. The average heat generation rates of the battery at 1, 2, and 3 C discharge rates are found to be0.255, 0.844, and 1.811 W, respectively, which can be quadratically correlated with the discharge rate. In addition, a benchmark test of the present measurement against the commonly used accelerating rate calorimeter(ARC) was conducted. Relatively small deviations of 3.77%, 4.20%, and 1.09% were identified in the heat generation rates for the discharge rates at 1, 2, and 3 C. In comparison with the ARC equipment, the present TPM can be more representative of the transient battery heat generation characteristics with a much shorter time for thermal equalization. Finally, to further verify the accuracy of the present method,standard samples of the same size as the actual battery were made, which were capable of controlling heat generation through a direct current power supply. A comparison of the heat inputs of the standard sample with the heat generation rates measured by the thermal protection method shows a relative deviation of 1.01% maximum. With high measurement accuracy and an easy-tobuild experimental setup, the proposed method has promising prospects in automotive applications.

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Adaptability of bipedicled scalp advancement flap for coverage of huge scalp defects after tumor resection

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Chinese Journal of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 2024年第1期6卷 16-21页

作者： Waleed Aldabaany Department of Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum university Faculty of Medicine Department of Plastic Surgery Fayoum university

Background: Several reconstructive techniques have been used to reconstruct scalp defects. Numerous researchers have studied the utilization of bipedicled scalp advancement flaps for scalp defect coverage. In this study, we will assess the adaptability of a bipedicled scalp advancement flap for coverage of huge scalp defects after tumor resection.Methods: This study was performed at the Plastic Surgery Department, Fayoum university Hospital, on 20 patients with huge scalp tumors treated by adequate excision and reconstructed using a bipedicled scalp advancement flap from December 2021 to July 2023.Results: The study was conducted on 20 patients: 16(80%) were men and 4(20%) were women presenting with large scalp tumors. The mean age was 57.4 years(33–68 years). The sites of the tumors were 10(50%) occipital,6(30%) parietal, and 4(20%) parieto-occipital. No major complications occurred postoperatively, and the bipedicled flaps survived well in all cases, with no necrosis.Conclusion: Huge scalp defects after tumor resection can be safely reconstructed with a large versatile bipedicled advancement scalp flap, either transversely or longitudinally oriented, with favorable functional results and accepted aesthetic results, apart from the alopecic area over the grafted donor site, which can be treated by tissue expansion if desired later.

关键词： Bipedicled advancement flap Huge scalp defects Tumor resection

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Top 10 Influential Events in carbon neutrality and climate change response for 2023

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Frontiers in Energy 2024年第1期18卷 1-3页

作者： Research Institute of Carbon Neutrality of Shanghai Jiao Tong university Research Institute of Carbon Neutrality Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

In 2023, the global community intensified its efforts towards achieving carbon neutrality and addressing climate change, witnessing several impactful events. Research Institute of Carbon Neutrality, Shanghai Jiao Tong university compiled the Top 10 Events (in chronological order) in the field of global carbon neutrality and climate change response for 2023, to share with readers these significant moments that document the ongoing ambition and collective efforts of human society.

关键词： neutral collective intensified

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Spatiotemporal Evolution and Linkage Analysis of Mutton Price in Xinjiang

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Journal of Systems Science and Information 2024年

作者： Yulin YANG Jian XU Lean YU 1.School of Economics and Management, university of Chinese Academy of Sciences 2.Business School, Sichuan university 3.School of Business, Shenzhen Institute of Technology School of Economics and Management University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Business School Sichuan University School of Business Shenzhen Institute of Technology

The mutton industry plays a pivotal role in the animal husbandry industry of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. To better monitor the volatility movement and risk warning of mutton price, the fluctuation characteristics of mutton prices and the future trend of prices are analyzed systematically. On the one hand, the Hodrick Prescott(HP) filter method is used to analyze the longterm trends and cyclical characteristics of mutton prices in Xinjiang and explored the spatial evolution characteristics of mutton price fluctuations in various regions of Xinjiang. On the other hand, the Threshold Auto-Regressive(TAR) model is used to analyze the linkage relationship between mutton prices and the prices of other livestock products. The empirical results show that(1) the overall volatility of mutton price in Xinjiang is high, showing a trend of rising first, then falling and then rising from the temporal perspective.(2) At the regional level, the price in the south is higher than that of the north, showing a decreasing trend from south to north on the whole from the spatial viewpoint.(3) From the linkage relationship perspective, mutton and beef are complementary in the short term,but they are substitutes each other in the long term. This paper explores the characteristics of mutton price fluctuations in Xinjiang from the single time series of mutton prices and the linkage with other livestock products, which provides a reliable basis for the monitoring and risk warning of mutton price fluctuation.

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Hierarchically Distributed Optimization with a Flexible and Complexity-Reducing Algorithm

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2024年

作者： LIANG Shu ZHANG Lei WEI Yiheng LIU Yemo 1.Department of Control Science and Engineering, Tongji university 2.Shanghai Research Institute for Intelligent Autonomous Systems 3.School of Mathematics, Southeast university 4.Beijing Aerospace Automatic Control Institute Department of Control Science and Engineering Tongji University Shanghai Research Institute for Intelligent Autonomous Systems School of Mathematics Southeast University Beijing Aerospace Automatic Control Institute

In this paper, the authors consider distributed convex optimization over hierarchical networks. The authors exploit the hierarchical architecture to design specialized distributed algorithms so that the complexity can be reduced compared with that of non-hierarchically distributed algorithms.To this end, the authors use local agents to process local functions in the same manner as other distributed algorithms that take advantage of multiple agents' computing resources. Moreover, the authors use pseudocenters to directly integrate lower-level agents' computation results in each iteration step and then share the outcomes through the higher-level network formed by pseudocenters. The authors prove that the complexity of the proposed algorithm exponentially decreases with respect to the total number of pseudocenters. To support the proposed decomposition-composition method for agents and pseudocenters, the authors develop a class of operators. These operators are generalizations of the widely-used subgradient based operator and the proximal operator and can be used in distributed convex optimization. Additionally, these operators are closed with respect to the addition and composition operations; thus, they are suitable to guide hierarchically distributed design and analysis. Furthermore,these operators make the algorithm flexible since agents with different local functions can adopt suitable operators to simplify their calculations. Finally, numerical examples also illustrate the effectiveness of the method.

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Ultrasound-assisted isolation: A new method to isolate stromal vascular fraction

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Chinese Journal of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 2024年第1期6卷 8-15页

作者： Yiming Gao Xiaojie Zhang Poh-Ching Tan Yun Xie Peiqi Zhang Tianyu Zhang Qingfeng Li Shuangbai Zhou 1.Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong university School of Medicine 2.Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital 3.College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal university Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery Shanghai Changzheng Hospital College of Life Sciences Shanghai Normal University

Background: The stromal vascular fraction(SVF), a cluster of stem and progenitor cells isolated from adipose tissue, holds significant promise for application in regenerative medicine. However, the existing methods for SVF isolation are time-consuming and expensive. Thus, in this study, we explored a new method of SVF extraction—ultrasound-assisted SVF isolation(USASI)—and compared the viability and characteristics of SVF isolated using different methods.Methods: SVF extraction methods using different combinations of ultrasound power, ultrasound time, collagenase dosage, and collagenase digestion time were compared with those of the control group(collagenase digestion method). The cell yield and vitality of the SVF were evaluated via cell counting and trypan blue staining. The cell components and immunophenotypes of freshly isolated SVF were analyzed using flow cytometry. The proliferative capacity and differentiation potential of the SVF were also identified.Results: Ultrasonication at 95 W-20 k Hz for 30 s followed by digestion with 0.15% collagenase for 30 min was identified as the most suitable parameter for the USASI method in isolating SVF, as recommended based on the evaluation of various tested conditions. The USASI method significantly reduced the collagenase dosage and shortened the digestion time. Compared to the collagenase digestion method, the USASI method had a higher cell yield and cell viability, with no adverse effects on cell components, proliferative capacity, or multipotential differentiation capacity.Conclusion: With reduced processing time, lower collagenase dosage, and increased cell yield without impairing the viability and characteristics of SVF, USASI holds the potential to emerge as a time-saving and cost-effective method for future clinical applications.

关键词： Stromal vascular fractions SVF isolation Mechanical force Ultrasound

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Current practice in autologous rib and costal-cartilage harvest for rhinoplasty: A systematic review

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Chinese Journal of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 2024年第1期6卷 41-48页

作者： Mengyuan Jiang Haizhong Huo Lu Zhang 1.Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong university School of Medicine 2.Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong university School of Medicine Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Department of General Surgery Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine

Background: Autologous costal grafts are used universally in clinical practice for rhinoplasty and reconstruction.However, surgeons worldwide have not agreed on the details of graft harvesting, including rib selection, side preference, operation mode, cutting methods, and handling of the periosteum and perichondrium. This study aimed to provide an overview of the novel techniques used for auto-rib harvesting in rhinoplasty within the past 5years and identify potential avenues for future research.Methods: We searched for related articles in Pub Med, Embase, and Web of Science from 2019 to 2023, summarized crucial but controversial steps in recent practice, and analyzed their theoretical basis and clinical feasibility.Results: Auto-rib and cartilage open harvest is still mainstream in rhinoplasty and reconstruction, with the 5th to8th ribs and cartilage being the most used. The laparoscopic harvest is gaining attention, being second only to the open harvest, with the 9th/10th ribs and cartilages being particularly convenient. The clinical applications of fullcut and split-cut methods differ in their advantages. Except for some special reasons, almost all studies tended to preserve the periosteum and perichondrium in situ, and few surgeons chose to harvest the grafts on the left side.Conclusion: Multiple techniques have emerged, requiring surgeons to balance the benefits and risks of various strategies at each step. New theories and techniques should be fully tested promptly and in clinical practice before wide application. Overall, a professional consensus is needed for better directivity, precision, and stability in clinical practice.

关键词： Rhinoplasty Autologous graft Cartilage Rib Periosteum Perichondrium

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ControlService:a containerized solution for control-algorithm-as-a-service in cloud control systems

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年

作者： Chenggang SHAN Runze GAO Zhen YANG Wei ZHANG Yuanqing XIA 1.School of Artificial Intelligence, Zaozhuang university 2.School of Automation, Beijing Institute of Technology School of Artificial Intelligence Zaozhuang University School of Automation Beijing Institute of Technology

As an extension of networked control systems, cloud control systems (CCSs) have emerged as a new control paradigm to improve the service quality of emerging control missions, such as data-driven modeling and automated vehicles. Existing studies have used the workflow-based restructured method to optimize the computation-intensive algorithms in the CCSs. However, the challenges here are how to define and submit these algorithms’ workflows as cloud services and execute these algorithms’ workflows in a containerized manner. Based on these challenges, we propose a containerized solution for the control-algorithm-as-a-service(C3aS) in the CCSs, namely ControlService. It offers the control algorithm as a cloud workflow service and uses a customized workflow engine to realize the containerized execution. First, we employ a cloud workflow representation method to define a control algorithm into an abstract cloud workflow form. Afterward, we provide a cloud service representation of the abstract cloud workflow. Next, we design a workflow engine and submit the cloud service to this workflow engine to implement containerized execution of this cloud service in the CCSs. In the experiment, we discuss the cloud service form and containerized implementation of the subspace identification method. Experimental results show that the proposed ControlService has significant performance advantages in computational time, reduction percentage, and speedup ratio compared with the baseline method.

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The Two Cultures of Science: Implications for university-Industry Relationships in the U.S. Agriculture Biotechnology

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2014年第2期13卷 455-466页

作者： William B Lacy Leland L Glenna Dina Biscotti Rick Welsh Kate Clancy university of California State College Pennsylvania State University Syracuse university Johns Hopkins university

Partnerships between U.S. universities and industries have existed for several decades and in recent years have become generally more varied, wider in scope, more aggressive and experimental and higher in public visibility. In addition, in the last few decades, public and private interests have advocated for government policies and laws to globally promote the commercialization of university science. This paper examines the persistence or convergence of the two cultures of science and the implications of this commercialization for university-industry relationships in agriculture biotechnology. The perceptions and values of over 200 U.S. university and industry scientists, managers and administrators who participate in or oversee research collaborations in agricultural biotechnology were analyzed. The findings revealed that the participants in these research relationships continue to perceive very distinct cultures of science and identify a wide range of concerns and disadvantages of these partnerships. Several actions were discussed to ensure that the two cultures serve complementary roles and that they maximize the public benefits from these increasing collaborations.

关键词： two cultures of science agricultural biotechnology university-industry relationships

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