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Modeling the Spatio-Temporal Dynamics of Local Context for a Contextualized Diffusion of Agroecological Intensification Options in Niger

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International Journal of Geosciences 2024年第3期15卷 270-301页

作者： Nouhou Salifou Jangorzo Maud Loireau Abou-Souﬁanou Sadda Ousmane Sami Mari Abdoul-Aziz Saïdou Hassane Bil-Assanou Issoufou Département des Sciences du Sol et Télédétection Université Dan Dicko Dankoulodo de Maradi UMR DAP Maradi Niger Unité mixte de Recherche Diversité et Adaptation des Plantes (UMR DAP) Université Dan Dicko Dankoulodo de Maradi Maradi Niger Institut de Recherche pour le Développement UMR Espace-DEV Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD) Perpignan France Institut de Recherche pour le Développement Représentation Niamey Niger Centre Imaan de Support en Recherche Transdisciplinaire UMR DAP/UDDM Niamey Niger Département des Sciences et Techniques de Productions Végétales Université Dan Dicko Dankoulodo de Maradi UMR DAP Maradi Niger

Spatio-temporal variability and dynamics in Sahelian agro-pastoral zones make each local situation a special case. These specificities must be considered to guide the dissemination of agricultural options with a view to sustainable development. The territorial scale of municipalities is not sufficient for this necessary contextualization;the scale of the “village terroir” seems to be a better option. This is the hypothesis we put forward in the framework of the Global Collaboration for Resilient Food Systems program (CRFS), i.e. local context is spatially defined by village terroir. The study is based on data collected through participatory mapping and surveys in “village terroirs” in three regions of Niger (Maradi, Dosso and Tillabéri). Then the links between farm managers and their cultivated land, as well as the spatio-temporal dynamics of local context are analyzed. This study provides evidence of the existence and functional usefulness of the village terroir for farmers, their land management and their activities. It demonstrates the usefulness of contextualizing agricultural options at this scale. Their analysis elucidates the links between “terroirs village” and the specific functioning of the agrosocio-ecosystems acting on each of them, thus laying the systemic and geographical foundations for a model of the spatio- temporal dynamics of “village terroirs”. This initial work has opened up new perspectives in modeling and sustainable development.

关键词： Niger Option by Context Local Condition Complex System Multiscale Conceptual Modeling

Redox and acetylation coordinate ABA-independent osmotic stress response

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Molecular Plant 2022年第4期15卷 583-585页

作者： Christophe Belin Jean-Philippe Reichheld Laboratoire Génome et Développement des Plantes UniversitéPerpignan Via Domitia66860 PerpignanFrance Laboratoire Génome et Développement des Plantes CNRS66860 PerpignanFrance

Osmotic stress caused by drought or high salt concentrations is a major threat that limits plant development and affect crop *** the context of climate change,understanding the mechanisms by which plants perceive their environment to adapt to their development is a major question.A common feature of plants being exposed to osmotic stress is the accumulation of excessive reactive oxygen species(ROS)(Martinière et al.,2019).ROS can oxidatively damage biological molecules,such as nucleic acids,proteins,and lipids,but also play important signaling *** protect from ROS-induced oxidation,living organisms have developed a large panel of enzymatic and non-enzymatic systems to remove ROS and oxidized molecules.

关键词： functions. enzymatic coordinate

The Extent of Voluntary Information in the Annual Report and the Share Price Volatility： Application of DEA and SFA on the French Market

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Journal of Modern Accounting and Auditing 2012年第7期8卷 951-966页

作者： Amal Hamrouni, Hermann Ratsimbanier University of perpignan via domitia Perpignan France University of Sousse Sousse Tunisia University of perpignan via domitia Perpignan France

In the current paper, the authors investigate empirically the relationship between the share price volatility and the amount of voluntary information disclosed in the corporate annual report. The authors use the data envelopment analysis （DEA） and the stochastic frontier analysis （SFA） models on a sample of 50 listed French firms belonging to the Soci6t6s des Bourses Fran^aises （SBF250） index from 2004 to 2008. The authors focus on the extent of voluntary disclosure in the annual reports that have been measure by using a composite disclosure index. Then, the authors study the relevance of disclosure policies through the ability of the voluntary disclosure level to effectively reduce the share price volatility. The findings of DEA and SFA provide, in average, highly efficient scores of the sample, reveal the several dispositions taken by the French Exchange Market authorities and the initiative of French firms to improve the market stability. In addition, the findings highlight, in average, stability of the firms＇ efficiency scores over the studied period. The authors explain these findings by the stability of corporate disclosure policy as suggested in previous literature （e.g., Botosan, 1997）. However, there are some differences between the findings of SFA and DEA models.

关键词： share price volatility corporate disclosure voluntary information stochastic frontier efficiency dataenvelopment approach

‘It Really Represents…’: Reflexions on the Object in Peirce’s Hexadic Sign-System

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Language and Semiotic Studies 2015年第4期1卷 1-18页

作者： Tony Jappy The University of perpignan via domitia

This paper compares the manner in which ***’s late semiotic theory deals with the problems posed by the dynamic object and the interpretation of signs with that of the earlier,better-known system of *** shows how non-specialist interpreters of signs are often led to suggest that there is more to,for example,a painting than the summation of the lines,forms and colours to be found on the canvas,in other words,to suggest that the sign’s dynamic object may be quite different from its representation as the sign’s immediate *** the 1903ten-class system is composed of the sign and two relational criteria,the fi rst of which being the sign’s mode of representation,which is no other than the relation holding between the sign and what,at the time,was defi ned simply as its *** means that the object itself is not a relevant feature of the system,and therefore this latter,even when the mode of representation is associated with Peirce’s hypoicons,is unable to account for discrepancies between what observers interpret as the sign’s object and the way the sign represents *** explanation for this discrepancy can be found in Peirce’s late,hexadic conception of semiosis,which,in 1908,explicitly integrated immediate and dynamic objects and a typology of which the criteria were not the earlier categories but three universes of experience by means of which Peirce was able to expand considerably the inventory of the sorts of entities qualifying as a sign’s dynamic *** paper draws on these advances to show how immediate and dynamic objects can diverge,and how different interpreters come to widely differing conclusions concerning the objects of signs and how they are interpreted.

关键词： immediate object dynamic object semiosis universe of experience interpretation

Genome Organization and Function： A View from Yeast and Arabidopsis

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Molecular Plant 2010年第4期3卷 678-690页

作者： Julio Saez-Vasquez Olivier Gadal LGDP-UMR 5096 CNRS-IRD-universite de perpignan via Dornitia 58 Av. Paul Alduy 66860 Perpignan France Laboratoire de Biologie Moleculaire Eucaryote Universite de Toulouse Toulouse France LBME CNRS Toulouse France

Recent progress in understanding higher-order chromatin organization in the nucleus has been considerable. From single gene to chromosome territory, realistic biophysical models can now accurately predict some of the structural feature of cell nuclei. Despite growing evidence of a deterministic nuclear organization, the physiological consequence of spatial genome organization is still unclear. In the simple eukaryotic model, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, clear correlation between gene position and transcription has been established. In this review, we will focus on higher-order chromatin organization in yeast with respect to the nuclear envelope and nucleolus. In Arabidopsis thaliana, a model plant for which we have a complete genome sequence, chromosome territory （CT） arrangement and somatic homologous pairing in interphase nuclei seem to occur randomly. Since chromosomes containing nucleolar organizer regions associate more frequently to form a single nucleolar structure, as in yeast, the nucleolus seems to play a major role in organizing nuclear space. Recent findings have begun to elucidate how plant regulatory factors, such as chromatin remodeling or histone chaperones, affect the chromatin state of ribosomal DNA genes located in two distinct CTarrangements in the nucleus. The functional outcome of yeast nuclear organization allowed us to propose how nuclear organization might contribute to a novel type of epigenetic regulation： the spatial regulation of transcription.

关键词： Nuclear structure chromatin organization nuclear body nucleolus.

Intentional Signs From a Peircean Perspective

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Language and Semiotic Studies 2018年第1期4卷 1-21页

作者： Tony Jappy University of perpignan via domitia France

It can safely be assumed that with its well-known icon-index-symbol trichotomy, Peirce's 1903 ten-class typology can adequately analyze still images, photographs and ***, given the implication principle whereby a symbol can involve an index and an index an icon, it follows that any symbolic element can, by transitivity, involve iconic elements, making it possible within this system to accommodate complex forms of *** phenomenological basis, however, and the nature of the divisions composing it make it less amenable to the analysis of intentionality in ***, in 1908 Peirce introduced two far more complex *** first, formed of six divisions from which the icon-indexsymbol trichotomy is absent, generates twenty-eight classes of signs; the second, ten-division system, theoretically generates *** exact order of the ten divisions forming the latter system is disputed, rendering the typology's semiotic viability uncertain, whereas the 28-class typology, which classifies signs not on how they represent their object but, amongst other things, according to the sorts of objects they represent, is fully *** is therefore of considerable semiotic interest to investigate the way this typology without icons, indices or symbols, might contribute to the analysis of image-based expressions of *** paper sets out the basic features of the ten-and 28-class systems, explores the semiotic potential of the latter for the analysis of image-based signs by examining the transmodal iconoclasm characteristic of the photomontages of Barbara Kruger and the films of Guy-Ernest Debord, and attempts in this way to establish the logical basis of their transgressive ideological motivation and commitment.

关键词： Peirce intentionality anti-ocularcentrism iconoclasm transmodality

Modeling the Unsteady Flow of a Newtonian Fluid Originating from the Hole of an Open Cylindrical Reservoir

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Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2022年第6期18卷 1737-1748页

作者： Andrianantenaina Marcelin Hajamalala Ratovonarivo Noarijaona Zeghmati Belkacem Laboratory of Mechanics Energetic and Environment(LMEE) University of FianarantsoaFianarantsoaB.P.1264Madagascar Laboratory of Mathematics and Physics(LA.M.P.S) University of Perpignan Via DomitiaPerpignan66860France

This work deals with the modeling of the unsteady Newtonian fluid flow associated with an open cylindrical *** reservoir presents a hole on the right bottom *** volume variation,heat and mass transfers are *** unsteady governing equations are based on the conservation of mass and momentum.A finite volume technique is used to solve the non-dimensional equations and related boundary *** algebraic system of equations resulting from the discretization process are solved by means of the THOMAS *** pressure-velocity coupling,the SIMPLE algorithm(Semi Implicit Method for Pressure Linked Equations)is *** for laminar flow(Re<1000),including the pressure and velocities profiles as well as the streamlines in the reservoir are ***,the effects of the D/d and H0/D ratios and Reynolds number Re on the fluid flow are *** is shown that the velocities and pressure depend essentially on the reservoir *** validate the model,the present results have been compared with Zhou et al.’s results,Poiseuille’s and Bernoulli’s exact solution.

关键词： Modeling newtonian fluid cylindrical reservoir navier-stokes

The Two-Way Interpretation Process in Peirce's Late Semiotics: A Priori and a Posteriori

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语言与符号学研究（英文） 2016年第4期2卷 14-30页

作者： Tony Jappy University of perpignan via domitia France

On his own admission Peirce's priority in his work in semiotics concerned the identification of all possible signs, and it is clearly for this reason that of the two typologies announced in the letter to Lady Welby of 23 December 1908—one yielding twenty-eight classes and the other sixty-six—it was the latter that he found the more interesting, to the complete neglect of the former. And yet contributing to the originality of this particular typology is the fact that after 1906 Peirce appears no longer to employ his phaneroscopic categories as the criteria for establishing the various subdivisions in his classifications, preferring instead three modally organized universes, and, in the period from 1907 on, a growing appeal to the requirement of collateral observation of the object in definitions of the sign—both these factors being associated with a greater understanding of the nature of the dynamic object, particularly in the period 1908-1909. The paper thus seeks to demonstrate the potential for semiotic analysis of Peirce's neglected 28-class classification system by showing its originality within the fifteen or more typologies he developed between 1866 and 1908. This, it is to be hoped, will compensate for Peirce's neglect by showing how an examination of the evolving typologies sheds light on the development of his conception of signs and on the shift in the theoretical framework which underwrote it.

关键词： typology sign-system semiosis interpretant interpretative strategy

A Lattice Boltzmann Model to Study Sedimentation Phenomena in Irrigation Canals

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Communications in Computational Physics 2013年第3期13卷 880-899页

作者： Olivier Marcou Bastien Chopard Samira El Yacoubi Boussad Hamroun Laurent Lefevre Eduardo Mendes Institut de Modelisation et Analyse en Geo-Environnement et Sante Universite de Perpignan Via DomitiaPerpignanFrance Computer Science Department University of GenevaSwitzerland Laboratoire d’Automatique et de Genie des Procedes Universite Claude BernardLyonFrance Laboratoire de Conception et Integration des Systemes Grenoble INPValenceFrance

Fresh water is one of the most significant resources for human activities and survival,and irrigation is among the most important uses of *** sustainibility and performance of irrigation canals can be greatly affected by sediment transport and *** our previous works,we proposed a Lattice Boltzmann model for simulating a free surface flow in an irrigation canal,as an alternative to more traditional models mainly based on shallow water *** we introduce the sedimentation phenomenon into our model by adding a new algorithm,based on the earlier work by ***,*** and ***[9,11,12,27].Transport,erosion,deposition and toppling of sediments are taken into account and enable the global sedimentation algorithm to simulate different transport modes such as bed load and suspended *** the present work,we study both the behaviour of a sediment deposit located at an underflow submerged gate(depending on the gate opening and the flow discharge)and the influence of the presence of such a deposit on the *** numerical and experimental validations have been *** experiments were realized on the micro-canal of the LCIS laboratory at Valence,*** comparisons between simulations and experiments give good qualitative agreement.

关键词： Lattice Boltzmann method irrigation canals modeling sedimentation