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A mathematical model for the evolution of solute concentrations in a hemodialysis filter

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International Journal of Biomathematics 2018年第1期11卷 337-348页

作者： A. Fasano G. Guarnieri A. Farina dipartimento di Matematica e Informatica "U. dini" universita degli Studi di Firenze Firenze Italy

We consider the process of hemodialysis performed by means of a hollow fiber dialyzer with a special focus on the dynamics of the light solutes （including metabolic waste products） through the porous fibers membrane. The model we illustrate here completes the one formulated in a previous paper in which solutes concentrations in the dialyzate were neglected. Exploiting the large difference between the characteristic time of the processes in the machine and the relaxation time to equilibrium in the body, we confine our study to the case of constant input data in order to emphasize the role of the solute transport mechanisms. Numerical solutions show that diffusion is dominant at the early stage of filtration.

关键词： Hemodialysis solute concentration upscaling.

AC ripple on DC voltage:Experimental and theoretical investigation of the impact on accelerated ageing in electrical insulation

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High Voltage 2024年第4期9卷 902-910页

作者： Giovanni Gardan Gian Carlo Montanari dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale Universita degli Studi di PadovaPadovaItaly Center for Advanced Power Systems Florida State UniversityTallahasseeFloridaUSA

With the increasing penetration of DC systems into the high voltage and medium voltage power industry,DC voltage is becoming common for distribution/transmission and to supply different typologies of *** allowable extent of AC ripple superimposed to DC,and its effect on insulation ageing,is a long-term discussed *** most harmful phenomenon causing extrinsic ageing acceleration and insulation system premature failure is partial discharges(PD);thus,the risk of incepting PD due to AC ripple could become a primary issue for electrical asset equipment *** this work,the impact of AC sinusoidal ripple on insulation system life and reliability is dealt with,considering both intrinsic and extrinsic ageing but focusing on the latter,that is,the PD *** are performed to assess how the jump voltage(due to AC ripple)and the DC component impact on PD activity in terms of amplitude and repetition *** the first time,the correlation between the magnitude of jump voltage associated with ripple and PD inception is established,shedding a light on the allowable ripple extent which does not impact significantly on ageing and premature insulation *** approach can provide straightforward tools for design specification and ageing inference of insulation systems.

关键词： impact insulation electrical

Energy and Heat Fluctuations in a Temperature Quench

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2014年第10期61卷 555-570页

作者： M.Zannetti F.Corberi G.Gonnella A.Piscitelli dipartimento di Fisica "E.Caianiello" and CNISMUnità di SalernoUniversità di Salernovia Giovanni Paolo II 13284084 Fisciano (SA)Italy Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics China the Chinese Academy of Sciences dipartimento di Fisica Università di Bari and INFNSezione di Barivia Amendola 17370126 BariItaly division of Physical Sciences School of Physical and Mathematical SciencesNanyang Technological University21 Nanyang Link637371Singapore

Fluctuations of energy and heat are investigated during the relaxation following the instantaneous temperature quench of an extended system. Results are obtained analytically for the Gaussian model and for the large N model quenched below the critical temperature TC. The main finding is that fluctuations exceeding a critical threshold do condense. Though driven by a mechanism similar to that of Bose–Einstein condensation, this phenomenon is an out-of-equilibrium feature produced by the breaking of energy equipartition occurring in the transient regime. The dynamical nature of the transition is illustrated by phase diagrams extending in the time direction.

关键词： fluctuations condensation temperature quench relaxation equipartition breaking

Heterocyclic compounds as key structures for the interaction with old and new targets in Alzheimer＇s disease therapy

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Neural Regeneration Research 2017年第8期12卷 1256-1261页

作者： Asha Hiremathad Luca Piemontese Centre for Nano and Material Sciences Jain University Jain Global Campus Kanakapura Ramanagaram Bangalore India dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco Universitfl degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro" Bari Italy

Nowadays, Alzheimer＇s disease（AD） is widely recognized as a real social problem. In fact, only five drugs are FDA approved for the therapy of this widespread neurodegenerative disease, but with low results so far. Three of them（rivastigmine, donepezil and galantamine） are acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, memantine is a N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist, whereas the fifth formulation is a combination of donepezil with memantine. The prevention and treatment of AD is the new challenge for pharmaceutical industry, as well as for public institutions, physicians, patients, and their families. The discovery of a new and safe way to cure this neurodegenerative disease is urgent and should not be delayed further. Because of the multiple origin of this pathology, a multi-target strategy is currently strongly pursued by researchers. In this review, we have discussed new structures designed to better the activity on the classical AD targets. We have also examined old and new potential drugs that could prove useful future for the therapy of the pathology by acting on innovative, not usual, and not yet fully explored targets like peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor（PPARs）.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease multi-target strategy peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors heterocycliccompounds neurodegenerative diseases

Plasmon hybridization engineering in self-organized anisotropic metasurfaces

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Nano Research 2018年第7期11卷 3943-3956页

作者： Maria C. Giordano Stefano Longhi Matteo Barelli Andrea Mazzanti Francesco Buatier de Mongeot Giuseppe Della Valle dipartimento di Fisica Universita di Genova Via Dodecaneso 33 Genova I-16146 Italy dipartimento di Fisica and IFN-CNR Politecnico di Milano Piazza L. da Vinci 32 Milano 1-20133 Italy

The engineering of self-organized plasmonic metasurfaces is demonstrated using a maskless technique with defocused ion-beam sputtering and kinetically controlled deposition. The proposed reliable, cost-effective, and controllable approach enables large-area （order of square centimeter） sub-wavelength periodic patterning with close-packed gold nanostrips. A multi-level variant of the method leads to high-resolution manufacturing of vertically stacked nanostrip dimer arrays, without resorting to lithographic approaches. The design of these self-organized metasurfaces is optimized by employing plasmon hybridization methods. In particular, preliminary results on the so-called gap-plasmon configuration of the nanostrip dimers, implementing magnetic dipole resonance in the near-infrared range, are reported. This resonance offers a superior sensitivity and field enhancement, compared with the more conventional electric dipole resonance. The translational invariance of the nanostrip configuration leads to a high filling factor of the hot spots. These advanced features make the large-area metasurface based on gap-plasmon nanostrip dimers very attractive for surface-enhanced linear and nonlinear spectroscopy （e.g., surface-enhanced Raman scattering） and plasmon-enhanced photon harvesting in solar and photovoltaic cells.

关键词： metasurfaces self-organization gold nanostructures plasmon hybridization gap plasmon resonances

Preface to the special topic: New advances in water and water systems

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2019年第10期62卷 1-2页

作者： LiMei Xu Francesco Mallamace School of Physics Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China dipartimento di Fisica Universita di MessinaMessina I-98166Italy

Water and related systems play a central role in science and *** water has unusual and anomalous behaviors,if compared with normal liquids,it is of fundamental interest in many research fields going from chemical-physics to life *** first and well known example of these anomalies is the density maximum,at 277 K,intuited by Galilei[1]in 1612 and lately discovered in Florence[2].

关键词： technology. anomalous unusual

Compact n-Manifolds via(n+l)-Colored Graphs:a New Approach

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Algebra Colloquium 2020年第1期27卷 95-120页

作者： Luigi Grasselli Michele Mulazzani dipartimcnto di Scicnze e Metodi dell'Ingegneria universita di Modena e Reggio Emilia Via Giovanni Amendola2-Pad.Morselli 42122 Reggio EmiliaItaly dipartimento di Matematica and ARCES Universita di Bologna Piazza di Porta San Donato 540126 BolognaItaly

We introduce a representation via(n+l)-colored graphs of compact n-manifolds with(possibly empty)boundary,which appears to be very convenient for computer aided study and *** construction is a generalization to arbitrary dimension of the one recently given by Cristofori and Mulazzani in dimension three,and it is dual to the one given by Pezzana in the *** this context we establish some results concerning the topology of the represented manifolds:suspensions,fundamental groups,connected sums and moves between graphs representing the same *** results of compact orientable 4-manifolds representable by graphs up to six vertices are obtained,together with some properties of the G-degree of 5-colored graphs relating this approach to tensor models theory.

关键词： compact manifolds colored graphs fundamental groups dipole moves

Confocal-based fluorescence fluctuation spectroscopy with a SPAD array detector

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Light(Science & Applications) 2021年第2期10卷 289-300页

作者： Eli Slenders Marco Castello Mauro Buttafava Federica Villa Alberto Tosi Luca Lanzanó Sami Valtteri Koho Giuseppe Vicidomini Molecular Microscopy and Spectroscopy Istituto Italiano di TecnologiaGenoaItaly dipartimento di Eiettronica Informazione e BioingegneriaPolitecmco di MilanoMilanItaly Nanoscopy and NIC@IIT lstituto Italiano di TecnologiaGenoaItaly dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia Universita di CataniaCataniaItaly

The combination of confocal laser-scanning microscopy(CLSM)and fluorescence fluctuation spectroscopy(FFS)is a powerful tool in studying fast,sub-resolution biomolecular processes in living cells.A detector array can further enhance CLSM-based FFS techniques,as it allows the simultaneous acquisition of several samples-essentially images-of the CLSM detection ***,the detector arrays that have previously been proposed for this purpose require tedious data corrections and preclude the combination of FFS with single-photon techniques,such as fluorescence lifetime ***,we solve these limitations by integrating a novel singie-photon-avalanche-diode(SPAD)array detector in a CLSM *** validate this new implementation on a series of FFS analyses:spot-variation fluorescence correlation spectroscopy,pair-correlation function analysis,and image-derived mean squared displacement *** predict that the unique combination of spatial and temporal information provided by our detector will make the proposed architecture the method of choice for CLSM-based FFS.

关键词： spectroscopy correction integrating

An Italian contribution to architectural restoration

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2012年第1期1卷 2-9页

作者： Giovanni Carbonara Facolta' di Architettura Sapienza Universita' Di Roma Via Gramsci 53 00197 Roma Italy

The essay provides an up-to-date review of the realities of Italian restoration. Restoration work feeds off the doubt that stems directly from historical and balance, and a conceptual rigour and practical approach at the same time. Restoration is carried out always and only on the original, with all the attendant risks of error and damage, and thus with all the prudence that demands. One of the most recent definitions of restoration is put forward：＂By restoration, therefore, is meant any intervention that has the aim of conserving and transmitting to the future works of historical, artistic and environmental interest, facilitating the reading of them while not erasing the traces of the passage of time this is based on a respect for ancient material land the authentic documentation that such works constitute and, moreover, is to be seen as a critical act of interpretation that is not verbal but expressed concretely in the work carried out. Or, more precisely, it is a critical hypothesis and a proposition that is always modifiable, without it ever altering irreversibly the original＂. The true nature of restoration is a complete fusion of historical and technical-scientific expertise. It is therefore artificial to distinguish between a ＇project of consolidation＇ and a truly described restoration project. This is a distinction based on the assumption （to be demonstrated） that in an ancient building static problems and those related to the materials can be isolated and treated separately from an overall understanding of the architectural ensemble. So the paper stresses research methodology, the project and specific skills. As part of the principle of unity of methods in restoration, interdisciplinarity is viewed as the principal toot for bringing together consistently and fully the different skills necessary for the study and conservation of monuments. In summary, there are three fundamental components：（1） the history of architecture and theory of restoration; （2） the

关键词： Restoration I nterdisciptinarity Monumental heritageItaly