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Lactate is a potentially harmful substitute for brain glucose fuel:consequences for metabolic restoration of neurotransmission

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1403-1404页

作者： Oliver Kann Lennart Soder Babak Khodaie Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology Heidelberg UniversityHeidelbergGermany Interdisciplinary Center for Neurosciences(IZN) Heidelberg UniversityHeidelbergGermany

The metabolite lactate (L-lactate) can be generated and released by diverse brain cells,including neurons,astrocytes,and oligodendrocytes (Kann,2023;Rae et al.,2024).Lactate production usually requires the degradation of glucose (D-glucose)-and glycogen in astrocytes-to pyruvate by glycolysis and subsequent conversion of pyruvate to lactate by the enzyme lactate dehydrogenase(Figure 1A;Dienel,2019;Rae et al.,2024).

关键词： consequences Figure restoration

Relationship between longitudinal changes in lipid composition and ischemic stroke among hypertensive patients

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2025年第4期13卷 18-27页

作者： Cheng-Cheng Wei yu-Qing Huang Cheng-Hong yu Department of cardiology Tongxiang First People's HospitalTongxiang 314500Zhejiang ProvinceChina Department of cardiology Guangdong Cardiovascular InstituteGuangzhou 510080Guangdong ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Dyslipidemia was strongly linked to stroke,however the relationship between dyslipidemia and its components and ischemic stroke remained *** To investigate the link between longitudinal changes in lipid profiles and dyslipidemia and ischemic stroke in a hypertensive *** Between 2013 and 2014,6094 hypertension individuals were included in this,and ischemic stroke cases were documented to the end of *** changes of lipid were stratified into four groups:(1)Normal was transformed into normal group;(2)Abnormal was transformed into normal group;(3)Normal was transformed into abnormal group;and(4)Abnormal was transformed into abnormal *** examine the link between longitudinal changes in dyslipidemia along with its components and the risk of ischemic stroke,we utilized multivariate Cox proportional hazards models with hazard ratio(HR)and 95%*** The average age of the participants was 62.32 years±13.00 years,with 329 women making up 54.0%of the *** the course of a mean follow-up of 4.8 years,143 ischemic strokes *** normal was transformed into normal group was used as a reference,after full adjustments,the HR for dyslipidemia and ischemic stroke among abnormal was transformed into normal group,normal was transformed into abnormal group and abnormal was transformed into abnormal Wei CC et *** changed and ischemic stroke WJCC https://*** 2 February 6,2025 Volume 13 Issue 4 group were 1.089(95%CI:0.598-1.982;P=0.779),2.369(95%CI:1.424-3.941;Pypertension,longitudinal shifts from normal to abnormal in dyslipidemia-particularly in total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol-were significantly associated with the risk of ischemic stroke.

关键词： Longitudinal change Hypertension Dyslipidemia Lipid profile Ischemic stroke

Lighting the shades of hidden pain:a role for spinal cord neurons and microglia in vestibulodynia

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第10期20卷 2898-2900页

作者： Rosmara Infantino Francesca Gargano Serena Boccella Carmela Belardo Andrea Maria Morace Francesca Guida Sabatino Maione Livio Luongo Department of Experimental Medicine Division of PharmacologyUniversitàdegli Studi della Campania“L.Vanvitelli”Italy universitàCampus Bio-medico di Roma RomeItaly

Vulvodynia,a chronic pain disorder affecting the vulvar region,represents a significant challenge in both diagnosis and treatment within the field of women’s *** condition is characterized by chronic pain that significantly affects the quality of life of afflicted *** present perspective paper examines the role of spinal sensitization and microglial activation in vulvodynia.

关键词： pain diagnosis activation

From“stars”to nano:Porous poly(ethylene glycol)hydrogel films and nanosheets as a versatile platform for sensing and nanofabrication

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Nano Research 2024年第11期17卷 10069-10082页

作者： Michael Zharnikov Angewandte Physikalische Chemie Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 253 D-69120 Heidelberg Germany

The use of bioinert materials is crucially important for medicine and *** most popular systems in this context are oligo-and poly(ethylene glycols)(OEGs and PEGs),applied generally in different forms as bulk materials,thin films,and functional molecular ***,I review the fabrication,properties,and applications of porous hydrogel PEG films(PHFs)and nanosheets(PHNs)formed by thermally activated crosslinking of amino-and epoxy-terminated,star-branched PEG oligomers with variable molecular *** systems possess various useful characteristics,including tunable thickness and porosity,hydrogel properties,bioinertness,robustness,and extreme *** can serve as the basis for composite materials,advanced nanofabrication,and lithography,bioinert supports for high-resolution transmission electron microscopy,susceptible elements in micro-electromechanical systems,and basic building blocks of temperature,humidity,chemical,and biological *** examples of the respective applications are *** though these examples span a broad field-from nanoengineering to biosensing,the applications of the PHFs and PHNs are certainly not limited to these cases but can be specifically adapted and extended to other fields,such as tissue engineering and drug delivery,relying on versatility and tunability of these systems.

关键词： poly(ethylene glycol) hydrogel films bioinertness nanosheets sensors composite materials

In vivo cardiac pacemaker function of differentiated human mesenchymal stem cells from adipose tissue transplanted into porcine hearts

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2020年第10期12卷 1133-1151页

作者： Fabrice F Darche Rasmus Rivinius Ann-Kathrin Rahm Eva Köllensperger Uwe Leimer Günter Germann Miriam Reiss Michael Koenen Hugo A Katus Dierk Thomas Patrick A Schweizer Department of cardiology Medical University Hospital HeidelbergHeidelberg D-69120Germany DZHK(German Centre for Cardiovascular Research) Partner Site Heidelberg/MannheimUniversity of HeidelbergHeidelberg D-69120Germany HCR(heidelberg Center for Heart Rhythm Disorders) Department of CardiologyMedical University Hospital HeidelbergHeidelberg D-69120Germany Department of Plastic Surgery ETHIANUM Klinik HeidelbergHeidelberg D-69115Germany Department of Molecular Neurobiology Max-Planck-Institute for Medical ResearchHeidelberg D-69120Germany

BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem cells(MSC)modified by gene transfer to express cardiac pacemaker channels such as HCN2 or HCN4 were shown to elicit pacemaker function after intracardiac transplantation in experimental animal *** MSC derived from adipose tissue(haMSC)differentiate into cells with pacemaker properties in vitro,but little is known about their behavior after intracardiac *** To investigate whether haMSC elicit biological pacemaker function in vivo after transplantation into pig *** haMSC under native conditions(nhaMSC)or after pre-conditioning by medium differentiation(dhaMSC)(n=6 pigs each,5×106 cells/animal)were injected into the porcine left ventricular free *** receiving PBS injection served as controls(n=6).Four weeks later,total atrioventricular(AV)-block was induced by radiofrequency catheter ablation,and electronic pacemaker devices were implanted for backup stimulation and heart rate *** rate and rhythm of pigs were evaluated during a follow-up of 15 d post ablation by 12-lead-ECG with heart rate assessment,24-h continuous rate monitoring recorded by electronic pacemaker,assessment of escape recovery time,and pharmacological challenge to address catecholaminergic rate ***,hearts were analyzed by histological and immunohistochemical *** In vivo transplantation of dhaMSC into the left ventricular free wall of pigs elicited spontaneous and regular rhythms that were pace-mapped to ventricular injection sites(mean heart rate 72.2±3.6 bpm;n=6)after experimental total AV *** rhythms were stably detected over a 15-d period and were sensitive to catecholaminergic stimulation(mean maximum heart rate 131.0±6.2 bpm;n=6;Py lower ventricular rates(mean heart rates 47.2±2.5 bpm and 37.4±3.2 bpm,respectively;n=6 each;Py towards catecholaminergic stimulatio

关键词： Biological cardiac pacemaker Mesenchymal stem cells Differentiation Animal model Cell transplantation Stem cell therapy

Like a G6-nal:transcriptional control of G-protein coupled receptors during oligodendroglial development

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 2001-2002页

作者： Tim Aberle Michael Wegner Institut für Biochemie Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-NürnbergErlangenGermany

Multilayered control of myelination:Quick,saltatory conduction of action potentials along nerve fibers requires the electrical insulation of axons by myelinating *** the central nervous system,this role is taken up by *** are marked by the expression of the lineage determinants Sox10 and Olig2 and arise from oligodendrocyte precursor cells(OPCs)during embryonal *** the majority of OPCs differentiate into mature oligodendrocytes when nearby axonal segments require myelination,a small subpopulation of OPCs persist as a progenitor ***,the timing of myelination and maintenance of the OPC pool both need to be precisely *** transcription factors either positively or negatively affect oligodendrocyte differentiation and maintenance of the OPC pool as components of a complex gene regulatory network(reviewed in Sock and Wegner,2021).Network activity is additionally influenced by extracellular signaling molecules that bind to receptors on the oligodendroglial cell surface and activate intracellular signaling *** the receptors are linked to the network is poorly understood so far,but pivotal to understanding the overall regulation of central nervous system(CNS)myelination in response to environmental *** insights were recently gained for Gpr37(Schmidt et al.,2024),a G-protein coupled receptor(GPCR)with known relevance in differentiating oligodendrocytes(yang et al,2016).

关键词： gained insulation conduction

Interleukin 1βreceptor and synaptic dysfunction in recurrent brain infection with Herpes simplex virus type-1

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 416-423页

作者： Roberto Piacentini Claudio Grassi Department of Neuroscience UniversitàCattolica del Sacro CuoreRomeItaly Fondazione Policlinico universitario A.Gemelli IRCCSRomeItaly

Several experimental evidence suggests a link between brain Herpes simplex virus type-1 infection and the occurrence of Alzheimer’s ***,the molecular mechanisms underlying this association are not completely *** the molecular mediators of synaptic and cognitive dysfunction occurring after Herpes simplex virus type-1 infection and reactivation in the brain neuroinflammatory cytokines seem to occupy a central ***,we specifically reviewed literature reports dealing with the impact of neuroinflammation on synaptic dysfunction observed after recurrent Herpes simplex virus type-1 reactivation in the brain,highlighting the role of interleukins and,in particular,interleukin 1βas a possible target against Herpes simplex virus type-1-induced neuronal dysfunctions.

关键词： herpes simplex virus type 1 interleukin 1β microglia neuroinflammation synaptic dysfunction

Misfolded amyloid-beta conformational variants(strains)as drivers of Alzheimer's disease neuropathology

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第11期20卷 3219-3220页

作者： Salvatore Saieva Rodrigo Morales Department of Neurology The University of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonHoustonTXUSA Centro Integrativo de Biologia y Quimica Aplicada(CIBQA) Universidad Bernardo O’HigginsSantiagoChile

Pathological and clinical variability in Alzheimer's disease(AD):AD is clinically cha racterized by progressive memory loss and cognitive *** a pathological point of view,the main features of AD are the deposition of amyloid plaques(composed of amyloid-beta,Aβ)and neurofibrillary tangles containing hyperphosphorylated Tau in the brain,accompanied by neu ronal and synaptic loss,neuroinflammation and brain atrophy(Jellinger,2022).Regardless of these common traits,growing evidence shows increased heterogen eity in the brain of AD patients considering both clinical manifestations and pathological features.

关键词： amyloid Alzheimer clinical

Translocator protein and neurodegeneration: insights from Alzheimer’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1090-1091页

作者： Arpit Kumar Pradhan Rainer Rupprecht Gerhard Rammes Klinik für Anaesthesiologie und Intensivmedizin der Technischen universität München Klinikum rechts der IsarMunichGermany Graduate School of Systemic Neurosciences Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität MünchenMartinsriedGermany Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy University RegensburgRegensburgGermany

The 18 kDa translocator protein(TSPO)located on the outer mitochondrial membrane regulates several key cellular processes including mitochondrial homeostasis,cholesterol transport,apoptosis,cell proliferation,and maintenance of mitochondrial health(Rupprecht et al.,2022,2023).TSPO is expressed in both peripheral organs and the central nervous system,with a more pronounced expression in tissues that produce *** main reason why TSPO has garnered so much attention is because it plays a key role in neurosteroidogenesis by transferring cholesterol from the outer to the inner mitochondrial membrane,which is the rate-limiting step in neurosteroid synthesis.A cholesterol-recognizing amino acid consensus domain has been identified in the cytosolic C terminus of the TSPO protein by both in vitro and site-directed mutagenesis experiments(Li et al.,2001).However,the role of TSPO in the process of neurosteroid synthesis has been challenged by several studies,particularly TSPO knockout models,which suggest that TSPO removal does not affect the phenotype or the system’s viability(Tu et al.,2014).However,ligands targeting TSPO have been shown to enhance levels of neurosteroids which suggests that neurosteroidogenesis is one of the major functional roles mediated by the TSPO protein.

关键词： cholesterol organs