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A cross-sectional analysis of the effectiveness of a nutritional support programme for people with tuberculosis in Southern Madagascar using secondary data from a non-governmental organisation

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2024年第1期13卷 101-102页

作者： Mara Anna Franke Julius Valentin Emmrich Fierenantsoa Ranjaharinony Onja GbrilleRavololohanitra Harizaka Emmanuel Andriamasy Samuel Knauss Nadine Muller Global Digital Health Lab at Charité Center for Global Health Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine London UK Ärzte Für Madagaskar E.V. Leipzig Germany heidelberg Institute of Global Health Heidelberg University Heidelberg Germany Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany Doctors for Madagascar Antananarivo Madagascar Speciality Network: Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany

Background There is a strong,bi-directional link between tuberculosis(TB)and undernutrition:TB often causes undernutrition,and undernourished people are more likely to contract TB and experience worse ***,several TB nutritional support programmes exist;however,evidence on their effectiveness is limited and *** study evaluates the effect of a nutritional support programme implemented for people with TB in the Atsimo-Andrefana region,Madagascar in *** this programme,undernourished people with TB[with a body mass index(BMI)ofy-wheat blend per month throughout their TB *** We analysed secondary non-governmental organisation data collected between January and Novem-ber 2022 in the Atsimo-Andrefana region,Southern Madagascar,including information on an individual's medical conditions(e.g.,type of TB,treatment outcomes)and nutritional status measured prior to,during,and after comple-tion of treatment(e.g.,height,weight,mid-upper arm circumference).We conducted descriptive analyses of patient baseline characteristics and outcomes to assess the impact of the provided nutritional support on the BMI of people With *** A total of 1310 people with TB were included in the study[9.9%(130)children under the age of 5,32.1%(420)children between 5 and 18 years,58.0%(760)adults].55.4% of children under 5,28.1% of children between ages 5 and 18,and 81.3%of adults were undernourished at treatment initiation.42.3%(55/130)of children under 5 experi-enced severe acute malnutrition at treatment *** the average BMl of adults with TB receiving food support increased over time,from 17.1 kg/m^(2)(interquartile range:15.8-18.3,range:10.3-22.5)to 17.9 kg/m^(2)(interquartile range:16.6-19.1,range:11.9-24.1),most adults remained undernourished even after completing TB *** The current TB nutritional support programme falls short of sufficiently increasing the BM

关键词： Tuberculosis Sub-Saharan Africa Undernutrition Nutritional support

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Eliciting CD4-mimicking broadly neutralizing antibodies:new avenues towards the rational design of an HIV vaccine

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第3期9卷 836-838页

作者： Frauke Muecksch Oliver T.Fackler Department of Infectious Diseases Heidelberg UniversityMedical Faculty HeidelbergVirologyCenter for Integrative Infectious Disease Research(CIID)HeidelbergGermany Chica and Heinz Schaller(CHS)Research Group Department of Infectious DiseasesVirologyUniversity Hospital HeidelbergHeidelbergGermany Department of Infectious Diseases Heidelberg UniversityMedical Faculty HeidelbergIntegrative VirologyCenter for Integrative Infectious Disease Research(CIID)HeidelbergGermany German Centre for Infection Research(DZIF) Partner Site HeidelbergHeidelbergGermany

In a study recently published in Cell,Saunders et *** that a new anti-HIV vaccine triggers antibody responses resembling CD4-binding site broadly neutralizing antibody precursors in rhesus macaques.1 This study provid... 详细信息

关键词： al. vaccine rational

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Distribution of atrial cardiomyopathy markers and association with atrial fibrillation detected after ischaemic stroke in the SAFAS study

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2024年第2期9卷 165-173,I0426,I0427页

作者： Romain Didier Lucie Garnier Gauthier Duloquin Alexandre Meloux Audrey Sagnard Mathilde Graber Geoffrey Dogon Karim Benali Thibaut Pommier Gabriel Laurent Catherine Vergely yannick Bejot Charles Guenancia cardiology CHU Dijon BourgogneDijonFrance Dijon Stroke Registry Department of NeurologyUniversity Hospital Centre DijonDijonFrance PEC 2 Universitéde BourgogneDijonFrance cardiology CHU Saint EtienneSaint EtienneFrance

Background Atrial cardiomyopathy(AC)is an emerging concept explaining the pathophysiology of cardioembolic strokes in absence of atrial fibrillation(AF).A definition based on the presence of electrical abnormality(P-wave terminal force in lead V1(PTFV1)>5000µV×ms),N-Terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide(NT pro BNP)>250pg/mL and/or indexed left atrial diameter(LADI)>3cm/m^(2)is currently tested in the ARCADIA(AtRial Cardiopathy and Antithrombotic Drugs In prevention After cryptogenic stroke)*** set out to estimate the prevalence of AC as defined in the ARCADIA trial,its determinants and its association with AF detected after stroke(AFDAS).Methods Stepwise screening for silent Atrial Fibrillation After Stroke(SAFAS)study prospectively included 240 ischaemic stroke *** markers were complete for 192 of them and 9 were not included in this analysis because AF had been diagnosed on *** A total of 183 patients were analysed,of whom 57%(104 patients)met the AC criteria(79 NT-proBNP,47 PTFV1,4 LADI).In the multivariate logistic regression,C reactive protein>3mg/L(OR(95%CI)2.60(1.30 to 5.21),p=0.007)and age(OR(95%CI)1.07(1.04 to 1.10),py associated with *** 6 months of follow-up,AFDAS was detected in 33%of AC patients and in 14%of the remaining ones(p=0.003).However,AC was not independently associated with AFDAS,contrary to left atrial volume index(>34mL/m^(2),OR 2.35(CI 1.09 to 5.06)p=0029).Conclusion AC as defined in ARCADIA is mostly based on NT pro BNP elevation(76%of patients)and is associated with age and ***,AC was not independently associated with AFDAS at *** ARCADIA trial,which compares aspirin to apixaban in patients with embolic strokes of undetermined source with AC markers and must,therefore be analysed in the light of these limitations.

关键词： atrial cardiomyopathy prevention

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An unexpected cellular fountain of youth:platelets provide factors rejuvenating brain functions

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第1期9卷 16-18页

作者： Harald F.Langer Department of cardiology AngiologyHaemostaseology and Medical Intensive CareUniversity Medical Centre MannheimMedical Faculty MannheimHeidelberg UniversityMannheimGermany German Centre for Cardiovascular Research(DZHK) Partner Site Heidelberg/MannheimMannheimGermany European Center for Angioscience Medical Faculty MannheimHeidelberg UniversityMannheimGermany Cardiovascular systems biology Medical Clinic IUniversity Heart Center LübeckLübeckGermany

In a recent manuscript published in Nature,Schroer et *** that platelets and in particular platelet derived PF-4(CXCL4)are a novel factor,which can rejuvenate the mammalian neuronal system.1 These findings have the potential to trigger an entire new field of research opening new platelet-derived candidate effector molecules for supporting regeneration.

关键词： supporting platelets finding

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Enhanced diagnostic workup increases pathological findings in patients with acute ischaemic stroke:results of the prospective HEBRAS study

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2024年第2期9卷 145-152,I0414-I0425页

作者： Simon Hellwig Thomas Krause Jan F Scheitz Juliane Herm Ulrike Grittner Nadja Jauert Jochen B Fiebach Mario Kasner Wolfram Doehner Matthias Endres Rolf Wachter Thomas Elgeti Christian H Nolte Karl Georg Haeusler Department of Neurology with Experimental Neurology Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlincorporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu BerlinBerlinGermany Center for Stroke Research Berlin BerlinGermany Berlin Institute of Health at Charité–universitätsmedizin Berlin BIH Biomedical Innovation AcademyBerlinGermany Department of Neurology Jüdisches Krankenhaus BerlinBerlinGermany German Center for Cardiovascular Diseases(DZHK) Partner Site BerlinBerlinGermany Institute of Biometry and Clinical Epidemiology Charité-Universitätsmedizin BerlinBerlinGermany BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies(BCRT) Berlin Institute of Health at Charité–Universitätsmedizin BerlinBerlinGermany Department of cardiology Charité-Universitätsmedizin BerlinBerlinGermany Department of cardiology Campus Benjamin FranklinCharité-Universitätsmedizin BerlinBerlinGermany German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases(DZNE) Partner Site BerlinBerlinGermany Department of cardiology University Hospital LeipzigLeipzigGermany Department of Radiology Charité-Universitätsmedizin BerlinBerlinGermany Department of Neurology University Hospital WürzburgWürzburgGermany

Background Stroke aetiology remains cryptogenic in a relevant proportion of patients with acute ischaemic stroke(AIS).We assessed whether enhanced diagnostic workup after AIS yields a higher rate of prespecified pathological findings compared with routine diagnostic care *** Hospitalised patients with AIS were prospectively enrolled in the investigator-initiated observational HEart and BRain Interfaces in Acute Ischaemic Stroke(HEBRAS)study at the Charité,Berlin,*** with AIS without known atrial fibrillation(AF)underwent cardiovascular MR imaging(CMR),MR-angiography of the aortic arch and prolonged Holter-ECG monitoring on top of routine diagnostic *** Among 356 patients with AIS(mean age 66 years,37.6%female),enhanced workup yielded a higher rate of prespecified pathological findings compared with routine care(17.7%vs 5.3%;py,fewer patients were classified as cryptogenic after enhanced diagnostic workup(38.5%vs 45.5%,py in 228(64.0%)*** was successfully performed in 292(82.0%)patients and revealed more often a prespecified pathological finding compared with routine echocardiography(16.1%vs 5.3%).Furthermore,study-related ECG monitoring(median duration 162 hours(IQR 98–210))detected AF in 16(4.5%)patients,while routine monitoring(median duration 51 hours(IQR 34–74))detected AF in seven(2.0%)*** Enhanced diagnostic workup revealed a higher rate of prespecified pathological findings in patients with AIS compared with routine diagnostic care and significantly reduced the proportion of patients with cryptogenic *** registration number NCT02142413.

关键词： routine patients prospective

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Effect of negative remodeling of the side branch ostium on the efficacy of a two-stent strategy for distal left main bifurcation lesions:an intravascular ultrasound study

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Journal of Geriatric cardiology 2024年第5期21卷 506-522页

作者： yi XU Tian XU Jia-Cong NONG Xiao-Han KONG Meng-yao ZHAO Zhi-Jing GAO yi-Fei WANG Wei yOU Pei-Na MENG yu-He ZHOU Xiang-Qi WU Zhi-Ming WU Mei-En ZHAN yan-Qing WANG De-Feng PAN Fei yE Department of cardiology Nanjing First HospitalNanjing Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina Department of cardiology Clinical Medicine School of Nanjing UniversityNanjingChina Department of cardiology Tianchang People’s HospitalTianchangChina Department of cardiology the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina

OBJECTIVES To investigate whether negative remodeling(NR) detected by intravascular ultrasound(IVUS) of the side branch ostium(SBO) would affect in-stent neointimal hyperplasia(NIH) at the one-year follow-up and the clinical outcome of target lesion failure(TLF) at the long-term follow-up for patients with left main bifurcation(LMb) lesions treated with a two-stent *** A total of 328 patients with de novo true complex LMb lesions who underwent a 2-stent strategy of percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI) treatment guided by IVUS were enrolled in this study. We divided the study into two phases. Of all the patients, 48 patients who had complete IVUS detection pre-and post-PCI and at the 1-year follow-up were enrolled in phase Ⅰ analysis, which aimed to analyze the correlation between NR and in-stent NIH at SBO at the 1-year follow-up. If the correlation was confirmed, the cutoff value of the remodeling index(RI) for predicting NIH ≥ 50% was analyzed next. The phase Ⅱ analysis focused on the incidence of TLF as the primary endpoint at the 1-to 5-year follow-up for all 328 patients by grouping based on the cutoff value of *** In phase I: according to the results of a binary logistic regression analysis and receiver operating characteristic(ROC) analysis, the RI cutoff value predicting percent NIH ≥ 50% was 0.85 based on the ROC curve analysis, with a sensitivity of 85.7%, a specificity of 88.3%, and an AUC of 0.893(0.778, 1.000), P = 0.002. In phase Ⅱ: the TLR rate(35.8% vs. 5.3%, P y higher in the several NR(s NR, defined as RI ≤ 0.85) group than in the non-s NR *** The NR of LCx O is associated with more in-stent NIH post-PCI for distal LMb lesions with a 2-stent strategy,and NR with RI ≤ 0.85 is linked to percent NIH area ≥ 50% at the 1-year follow-up and more TLF at the 5-year follow-up.

关键词： lesions remodeling intravascular

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Atorvastatin, etanercept and the nephrogenic cardiac sympathetic remodeling in chronic renal failure rats

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Journal of Geriatric cardiology 2024年第4期21卷 443-457页

作者： Jing-yue XU Zheng-Kai XUE ya-Ru ZHANG Xing LIU Xue ZHANG Xi yANG Tong LIU Kang-yin CHEN Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease Department of CardiologyTianjin Institute of Cardiologythe Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina

BACKGROUND Chronic renal failure(CRF) patients are predisposed to arrhythmias, while the detailed mechanisms are unclear. We hypothesized the chronic inflammatory state of CRF patients may lead to cardiac sympathetic remodeling, increasing the incidence of ventricular arrhythmia(VA) and sudden cardiac death. And explored the role of atorvastatin and etanercept in this *** A total of 48 rats were randomly divided into sham operation group(Sham group), CRF group, CRF + atorvastatin group(CRF + statin group), and CRF + etanercept group(CRF + rhTNFR-Fcgroup). Sympathetic nerve remodeling was assessed by immunofluorescence of growth-associated protein 43(GAP-43) and tyrosine hydroxylase positive area fraction. Electrophysiological testing was performed to assess the incidence of VA by assessing the ventricular effective refractory period and ventricular fibrillation threshold. The levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α) and interleukin-1beta were determined by Western blotting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent *** Echocardiogram showed that compared with the Sham group, left ventricular end-systolic diameter and ventricular weight/body weight ratio were significantly higher in the CRF group. Hematoxylin-eosin and Masson staining indicated that myocardial fibers were broken, disordered, and fibrotic in the CRF group. Western blotting, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,immunofluorescence and electrophysiological examination suggested that compared with the Sham group, GAP-43 and TNF-α proteins were significantly upregulated, GAP-43 and tyrosine hydroxylase positive nerve fiber area was increased, and ventricular fibrillation threshold was significantly decreased in the CRF group. The above effects were inhibited in the CRF + statin group and the CRF + *** In CRF rats, TNF-α was upregulated, cardiac sympathetic remodeling was more severe, and the nephrogenic cardiac sympathetic remodeling existed. Atorvastatin and etanercept c

关键词： remodeling cardiac inhibited

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The impact of being in the COVID-19 pandemic on in-hospital mortality of non-infected patients aged 80 years and older with ST-elevation myocardial ınfarction

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Journal of Geriatric cardiology 2024年第7期21卷 768-774页

作者： Mustafa Ebik Muhammet Gürdoğan UğurÖzkan Department of cardiology Edirne SultanMurat State HospitalEdirneTurkey Department of cardiology School of MedicineTrakya UniversityEdirneTurkey

The COVID-19 outbreak in late 2019 was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization(WHO)on March 12,2020.[1]As of the latest WHO data,COVID-19 has caused over 770 million cases and nearly 7 million deaths worldwide.[2]Hospitalizations due to COVID-19 are correlated with advanced age.[3,4]According to re-ports,individuals over the age of 65 account for 80%of COVID-19-related deaths.[3,4]This is primar-ily due to the increased burden of comorbidity with age.

关键词： infected patients mortality

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Microglia:a promising therapeutic target in spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 454-463页

作者： Xiaowei Zha Guoli Zheng Thomas Skutella Karl Kiening Andreas Unterberg Alexander younsi Department of Neurosurgery Heidelberg University HospitalHeidelbergGermany Department of Neuroanatomy Institute for Anatomy and Cell BiologyHeidelberg UniversityHeidelbergGermany

Microglia are present throughout the central nervous system and are vital in neural repair,nutrition,phagocytosis,immunological regulation,and maintaining neuronal *** a healthy spinal cord,microglia are accountable for immune surveillance,however,when a spinal cord injury occurs,the microenvironment drastically changes,leading to glial scars and failed axonal *** this context,microglia vary their gene and protein expression during activation,and proliferation in reaction to the injury,influencing injury responses both favorably and unfavorably.A dynamic and multifaceted injury response is mediated by microglia,which interact directly with neurons,astrocytes,oligodendrocytes,and neural stem/progenitor *** a clear understanding of their essential nature and origin,the mechanisms of action and new functions of microglia in spinal cord injury require extensive *** review summarizes current studies on microglial genesis,physiological function,and pathological state,highlights their crucial roles in spinal cord injury,and proposes microglia as a therapeutic target.

关键词： astrocytes cytokines functional recovery immune regulation M1/M2 activation macrophages microglia neuroinflammation spinal cord injury therapy

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Lactate is a potentially harmful substitute for brain glucose fuel:consequences for metabolic restoration of neurotransmission

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1403-1404页

作者： Oliver Kann Lennart Soder Babak Khodaie Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology Heidelberg UniversityHeidelbergGermany Interdisciplinary Center for Neurosciences(IZN) Heidelberg UniversityHeidelbergGermany

The metabolite lactate (L-lactate) can be generated and released by diverse brain cells,including neurons,astrocytes,and oligodendrocytes (Kann,2023;Rae et al.,2024).Lactate production usually requires the degradation of glucose (D-glucose)-and glycogen in astrocytes-to pyruvate by glycolysis and subsequent conversion of pyruvate to lactate by the enzyme lactate dehydrogenase(Figure 1A;Dienel,2019;Rae et al.,2024).

关键词： consequences Figure restoration

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