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The changes on intimate partner violence against women in the health system in Portugal

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Health 2013年第7期5卷 65-70页

作者： Raquel Cardoso José Ornelas Instituto Superior de Psicologia Aplicada Instituto Universitário Lisbon Portugal Instituto Superior de Psicologia Aplicada Instituto Universitário Lisbon Portugal

In Portugal, over the last 20 years, we have seen great strides in addressing intimate partner violence against women by their male partners. Measuring and understanding progress, and achieving sustainable systems change is a major challenge and to achieve this aim we need to identify events, persons and settings that contribute for the critical factors that create long term transformations in the systems and the creation of new resources [1]. Since the healthcare system is one of the main actors of intervention with survivors, the goal of this project was to interview key stakeholders from the healthcare system in order to understand the main changes they perceive have happened over the past two decades. Based on interviews with key stakeholders, our study explores the evidences of the changes that occurred in the healthcare system, the intersections with other systems and their visions for the future.

关键词： Social Change Intimate Partner Violence against Women Health System

On People’s Worries about Becoming a Victim of Events or Conditions Often Blamed on Those up There

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Macro Management & Public Policies 2023年第4期5卷 41-54页

作者： Ingwer Borg Dieter Hermann Westfälische-Wilhelms-universität Münster48149Germany Ruprecht-Karls-universität Heidelberg69117Germany

The authors study people’s worries about becoming victimized by events and conditions often blamed on“those up there”.Excessive worries are bad for people’s performance because they lead to risk avoidance and lower self-confidence.In two representative surveys conducted in Germany,it is found that victimization concerns are positively correlated with people’s gender,previous victimization,their estimated likelihood of being victimized,their fear of crime,their crime-avoidance behavior,their striving for tradition and security,and their negative attitudes toward crimes.Negative correlations are found for people’s education,their striving for universalism,and their social capital.When considering all predictors combined,people’s expected likelihood to become victimized is found to be the optimal predictor of victimization concerns.It is recommended that management concentrates on setting realistic levels of such risk estimates to avoid negative effects on people’s performance.

关键词： Worries Concerns Fear of crime Performance management Personal values

Regulation of floral senescence in Arabidopsis by coordinated action of CONSTANS and jasmonate signaling

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Molecular Plant 2022年第11期15卷 1710-1724页

作者： Gloria Serrano-Bueno Pedro de los Reyes Andrea Chini Gabriel Ferreras-Garrucho Víctor Sánchez de Medina-Hernández Marta Boter Roberto Solano Federico Valverde Plant development Group Institute for Plant Biochemistry and PhotosynthesisCSIC-Universidad de Sevilla41092 SevillaSpain department of Plant Molecular Genetics Centro Nacional de BiotecnologíaCSIC28049 MadridSpain Crop Science Centre University of CambridgeCambridge CB3 OLE CambridgeUK Gregor Mendel Institute(GMI) Austrian Academy of SciencesVienna BioCenter(VBC)ViennaAustria

In Arabidopsis,photoperiodic flowering is controlled by the regulatory hub gene CONSTANS(CO),whereas floral organ senescence is regulated by the jasmonates(JAs).Because these processes are chronologically ordered,it remains unknown whether there are common regulators of both processes.In this study,we discovered that CO protein accumulates in Arabidopsis flowers after floral induction,and it displays a diurnal pattern in floral organs different from that in the leaves.We observed that altered CO expression could affect flower senescence and abscission by interfering with JA response,as shown by petal-specific transcriptomic analysis as well as CO overexpression in JA synthesis and signaling mutants.We found that CO has a ZIM(ZINC-FINGER INFLORESCENCE MERISTEM)like domain that mediates its interaction with the JA response repressor JAZ3(jasmonate ZIM-domain 3).Their interaction inhibits the repressor activity of JAZ3,resulting in activation of downstream transcription factors involved in promoting flower senescence.Furthermore,we showed that CO,JAZ3,and the E3 ubiquitin ligase COI1(Coronatine Insensitive 1)could form a protein complex in planta,which promotes the degradation of both CO and JAZ3 in the presence of JAs.Taken together,our results indicate that CO,a key regulator of photoperiodic flowering,is also involved in promoting flower senescence and abscission by augmenting JA signaling and response.We propose that coordinated recruitment of photoperiodic and JA signaling pathways could be an efficient way for plants to chronologically order floral processes and ensure the success of offspring production.

关键词： CONSTANS flower senescence jasmonic acid

Thiopurines are an independent risk factor for active tuberculosis in inflammatory bowel disease patients

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2023年第9期29卷 1536-1538页

作者： Flora Maria Lorenzo Fortes Raquel Rocha Genoile Oliveira Santana Ciências da Vida Universidade do Estado da BahiaSalvador 41150000Brazil Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina e Saúde Universidade Federal da BahiaSalvador 40110060Brazil Ciência da Nutrição Universidade Federal da BahiaSalvador 40110160Brazil

The use of thiopurines is an independent risk factor for active tuberculosis in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.

关键词： Tuberculosis Inflammatory bowel disease Thiopurines Therapy Risk

Effect of micro-algae Schizochytrium sp.supplementation in plant diet on reproduction of female rainbow trout(Oncorhynchus mykiss):maternal programming impact of progeny

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2022年第4期13卷 1175-1192页

作者： Emilie Cardona Emilien Segret Yoann Cachelou Thibaut Vanderesse Laurence Larroquet Alexandre Hermann Anne Surget Geneviève Corraze Frederic Cachelou Julien Bobe Sandrine Skiba-Cassy INRAE Univ.Pau&Pays AdourE2S UPPANuMéAF-64310Saint Pée-sur-NivelleFrance INRAE UR1037 Fish Physiology and Genomic laboratoryF-35000 RennesFrance Viviers de Sarrance F-64490SarranceFrance Viviers de Rébénacq F-64260RébénacqFrance.

Background:The broodstock diet,and in particular the lipid and fatty acid composition of the diet,is known to play a key role in reproductive efficiency and survival of the progeny in fish.A major problem when replacing both fish meal and fish oil by plant sources is the lack of n-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids,such as eicosapentaenoic acid(EPA)and docosahexaenoic acid(DHA).To address this problem,we studied the effect of the plant-based diet supplemented with Schizochytrium sp.microalgae,source of DHA,compared to a conventional commercial diet rich in fish meal and fish oil on reproductive performance and egg quality and the consequences on progeny,in female rainbow trout broodstock.Results:The results demonstrated that DHA-rich microalgae supplementation in a plant-based diet allowed for the maintenance of reproductive performance and egg quality comparable to a conventional commercial feed rich in fish meal and fish oil and led to an increased significant fry survival after resorption.Moreover,when females were fed a plant-based diet supplemented with micro-algae,the 4-month-old progenies showed a significant higher growth when they were challenged with a similar diet as broodstock during 1 month.We provide evidence for metabolic programming in which the maternal dietary induced significant protracted effects on lipid metabolism of progeny.Conclusions:The present study demonstrates that supplementation of a plant-based diet with DHA-rich microalgae can be an effective alternative to fish meal and fish oil in rainbow trout broodstock aquafeed.

关键词： Egg quality Micro-algae Nutritional programming Plant diet Rainbow trout Reproduction

Mitochondrial Sulfide detoxification Requires a Functional Isoform O-Acetylserine（thiol）lyase C in Arabidopsis thaliana

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Molecular Plant 2012年第6期5卷 1217-1226页

作者： Consolacien Alvarez Irene Garcia Luis C Romero Cecilia Gotor Instituto de Bioquimica Vegetal y Fotosintesis Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas y Universidad de Sevilla Avda. Am~rico Vespucio 49 41092Sevilla Spain

In non-cyanogenic species, the main source of cyanide derives from ethylene and camalexin biosyntheses. In mitochondria, cyanide is a potent inhibitor of the cytochrome c oxidase and is metabolized by the β-cyanoalanine synthase CYS-C1, catalyzing the conversion of cysteine and cyanide to hydrogen sulfide and β-cyanoalanine. The hydrogen sulfide released also inhibits the cytochrome c oxidase and needs to be detoxified by the O-acetylserine（thiol）lyase mitochondrial isoform, OAS-C, which catalyzes the incorporation of sulfide to O-acetylserine to produce cysteine, thus generating a cyclic pathway in the mitochondria. The loss of functional OAS-C isoforms causes phenotypic characteristics very similar to the loss of the CYS-C1 enzyme, showing defects in root hair formation. Genetic complementation with the OAS-Cgene rescues the impairment of root hair elongation, restoring the wild-type phenotype. The mitochondria compromise their capacity to properly detoxify cyanide and the resulting sulfide because the latter cannot re-assimilate into cysteine in the oas-c null mutant. Consequently, we observe an accumulation of sulfide and cyanide and of the alternative oxidase, which is unable to prevent the production of reactive oxygen species probably due to the accumulation of both toxic molecules. Our results allow us to suggest that the significance of OAS-C is related to its role in the proper sulfide and cyanide detoxification in mitochondria.

关键词： alternative oxidase Arabidopsis thaliana cysteine cyanide β-cyanoalanine synthase O-acetylserine（thiol）-lyase reactive oxygen species root hair sulfide.

Contribution of Fluid Dynamics to Woodwind Instruments Investigations of Timbre and Pitch of Bassoon Bocals

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Journal of Thermal Science 2005年第3期14卷 264-266页

作者： Roger GRUNDMANN Johannes BAUMGART Andreas RICHTER Hans KRüGER Technische universitt Dresden Institute for Aerospace Engineering D-01062 Dresden Germany ProfessorTechnische Universitt Dresden Institute for Aerospace Engineering D-01062 Dresden GermanyTechnische Universitt Dresden Institute for Aerospace Engineering D-01062 Dresden GermanyTechnische Universit?t Dresden Institute for Aerospace Engineering D-01062 Dresden Germany

The discussed topic of isolating certain parameters which describe the timbre in connection with bocals of bassoons is of major interest for manufacturers and artist likewise since a reduction in the overall shear stress of these kinds of technical diffusors is very helpful but not sufficient. The timbre seen from the side of the musician has to be the same. Up to now two criteria have been isolated which have a deep influence on the easier blowing of the bassoon and on the comparable timbre due to geometrical reasons. If the geometrical outer contour is designed carefully, it is possible to modify the shape and preserve the timbre.

关键词：气体动力学木管乐器孤立参数音质

Effect of Sodium Metabisulphite on Blood Metabolic Status of Wistar Rats

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2014年第15期5卷 1529-1537页

作者： Fatima Zohra El Kadi Amina Imène Bénali Mohammed Bénali Slimane Belbraouet école de Nutrition Université de Moncton Moncton Canada Laboratoire de Biotoxicologie Département de Biologie Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la vie Université D Liabés Sidi Bel Abbés Algérie

The objective of this work was to determine the sodium metabisulphite (NaMBS) subchronic toxicity used as a food additive in Algeria. Three groups of female Wistar rats were treated with 0.25%, 1% and 4% of NaMBS in their drinking water for 90 days. An immunization protocol was conducted during the experiment. Mortality, comportmental and weight modifications, and food and water consumption were recorded. At the end of the experiment, the control and experiment rats were killed, and their blood and organs were removed. Immunoglobulin levels were evaluated;biochemical and hematological parameters were investigated. Our results showed that the administration of NaMBS at 1% and 4% had significant effects on body weight, food and water consumed. There was an increase in biochemical parameters (calcium, urea, creatinine, uric acid, transaminases) and decrease immunoglobulin levels. The hematology revealed a decrease in red blood cells and hemoglobin, as well as leucocytosis. Physiological study showed enlarged spleen, kidney, liver and stomach. In light of our results, we can conclude that subchronic intake of NaMBS 1% and 4% seems to alter immune function, biochemical, hematological and physiological para-meters in Wistar rats.

关键词： Sodium Metabisulphite Subchronic Haematology Biochemistry Physiology Wistar Rat

Explore artificial neural networks for solving complex hydrocarbon chemistry in turbulent reactive flows

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Fundamental Research 2022年第4期2卷 595-603页

作者： Jian An Fei Qin Jian Zhang Zhuyin Ren Institte for Aero Engine Tsinghua UniversitBejing 100084China Seience and Technology on Combustion Internal Flow and Thermal-structure LaboratoryNorthwesterm Polytechnical UniversityXi'an 710072China

Global warming caused by the use of fossil fuels is a common concern of the world today.It is of practical importance to conduct in-depth fundamental research and optimal design for modern engine combustors through However,complex hydrocarbon chemistry,an indispensable component for predictive modeling,is computahigh-fidelity computational fluid dynamics(CFD),so as to achieve energy conservation and emission reduction.tionally demanding,Its application in simulation-based design optimization,although desirable,is quite limited.To address this challenge,we propose a methodology for representing complex chemistry with artificial neural networks(ANNs),which are trained with a comprehensive sample dataset generated by the Latin hypercube sampling(LHS)method.With a given chemical kinetic mechanism,the thermochemical sample data is able to cover the whole accessible pressure/temperature/species space in various turbulent flames.The ANN-based model consists of two different layers:the self-organizing map(SOM)and the back-propagation neural network(BPNN).The methodology is demonstrated to represent a 30-species methane chemical mechanism.The obtained ANN model is applied to simulate both a non-premixed turbulent flame(DLR_A)and a partially premixed turbulent flame(Flame D)to validate its applicability for different flames.Results show that the ANN-based chemical kinetics can reduce the computational cost by about two orders of magnitude without loss of accuracy,The proposed methodology can successfully construct an ANN-based chemical mechanism with significant ffciency gain and a broad scope of applicability,and thus holds a great potential for complex hydrocarbon fuels.

关键词： Chemical kinetics Turbulent combustion Artificial neural network Machine learning Numerical simulation