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Current Zoology 2024年第1期70卷 1-12页

作者： Lucia V.Sommaro Juan J.Martinez Marina B.Chiappero Andrea R.Steinmann Cristina N.Gardenal JoséW.Priotto Laboratorio de Ecologia Evolutiva y Biogeografia Instituto de Ecorregiones Andinas(INECoA)Universidad Nacional de Jujuy-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas(CONICET)San Salvador de JujuyJujuyArgentina Instituto de Diversidad y Ecologia Animal(IdeA) Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Técnicas(CONICET)and Universidad Nacionalde CordobaCordobaArgentina Catedra de Genética de Poblaciones y Evolucion Facultad de Ciencias ExactasFisicas y NaturalesUniversidad Nacional de CordobaCordobaArgentina Grupo de Investigaciones en Ecologia Poblacional y Comportamental(GIEPCO) Instituto de Ciencias de la TierraBiodiversidad y Ambiente(ICBiA)Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Técnicas(CONICET)Rio CuartoCordobaArgentina

The sex-biased dispersal and kinship dynamics are important factors shaping the spatial distribution of individuals and are key parameters affecting a variety of ecological and evolutionary processes.Here,we studied the spatial distribution of related individuals within a population of corn mice Calomys musculinus in a seasonal cycle to infer dispersal patterns.The sampling was carried out from spring 2005 to winter 2006 in field borders of intensively managed agroecosystems.Genotyping data from 346 individuals with 9 microsatellites showed spatial genetic structure was weak for males,but not for females.The results indicate a complex spatial kinship dynamic of related females across all seasons.Which,contrary to our expectations,dispersal distances decrease with the increase of the population abundance.Meanwhile,male dispersal distances were greater when population abundance increased and thus the availability of active females.Males disperse greater distances to mate and sire offspring with distant females as a possible inbreeding avoidance mechanism.This study shows that C.musculinus is capable of much greater scattering distances than previously reported and that dispersal occurs fluidly and without barriers across the agroecosystem.The indirect benefit of dispersal on individual fitness could be related to relaxing the competition in the natal area and increasing the mating rate.Our study highlights the value of combining genetic relatedness,fieldwork observations,and behavioral data to estimate dispersal at a fine geographical scale.

关键词： dispersal distances kinship dynamics microsatellite small mammals spatial autocorrelation

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DNA metabarcoding reveals seasonal changes in diet composition across four arthropod-eating lizard species(Phrynosomatidae:Sceloporus)

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Integrative Zoology 2024年第3期19卷 480-495页

作者： Mauricio HERNÁNdeZ Stephanie HEREIRA-PACHECO Antton ALBERDI Aníbal H.DÍAZ de LA VEGA-PÉREZ Arturo ESTRADA-TORRES Sergio ANCONA Yendi E.NAVARRO-NOYA Doctorado en Ciencias Biológicas Centro Tlaxcala de Biología de la ConductaUniversidad Autónoma de TlaxcalaTlaxcalaMexico Estación Científica La Malinche Centro Tlaxcala de Biología de la ConductaUniversidad Autónoma de TlaxcalaTlaxcalaMexico Center for Evolutionary Hologenomics The Globe InstituteUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología-Centro Tlaxcala de Biología de la Conducta Universidad Autónoma de TlaxcalaTlaxcalaMexico departamento de Ecología Evolutiva Instituto de EcologíaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoMexico CityMexico Laboratorio de Interacciones Bióticas Centro de Investigación en Ciencias BiológicasUniversidad Autónoma de TlaxcalaSan Felipe IxtacuixtlaTlaxcalaMexico

Diet composition and its ecological drivers are rarely investigated in coexisting closely related species.We used a molecular approach to characterize the seasonal variation in diet composition in four spiny lizard species inhabiting a mountainous ecosystem.DNA metabarcoding revealed that the lizards Sceloporus aeneus,S.bicanthalis,S.grammicus,and S.spinosus mostly consumed arthropods of the orders Hemiptera,Araneae,Hymenoptera,and Coleoptera.The terrestrial lizards S.aeneus and S.bicanthalis mostly predated ants and spiders,whereas the arboreal–saxicolous S.grammicus and saxicolous S.spinosus largely consumed grasshoppers and leafhoppers.The taxonomic and phylogenetic diversity of the prey was higher during the dry season than the rainy season,likely because reduced prey availability in the dry season forced lizards to diversify their diets to meet their nutritional demands.Dietary and phylogenetic composition varied seasonally depending on the species,but only dietary composition varied with altitude.Seasonal dietary turnover was greater in S.spinosus than in S.bicanthalis,suggesting site-specific seasonal variability in prey availability;no other differences among species were observed.S.bicanthalis,which lives at the highest altitude in our study site,displayed interseasonal variation in diet breadth.Dietary differences were correlated with the species’feeding strategies and elevational distribution,which likely contributed to the coexistence of these lizard species in the studied geographic area and beyond.

关键词： arthropod-eating lizards diet breadth environmental barcoding mountainous ecosystem seasonal dietary shifts

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Temporal stability and directional change in a color cline of a marine snail from NW Spain

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Current Zoology 2024年第2期70卷 163-173页

作者： Juan Gefaell Ramon Vigo A.Honorato Gonzalez-Vazquez Juan Galindo Emilio Rolan-Alvarez Centro de Investigacion Marina Universidade de VigoDepartamento de BioquimicaGenetica e Inmunologia36310 VigoSpain

The evolution and maintenance of color clines is a classic topic of research in evolutionary ecology.However,studies analyzing the temporal dynamics of such clines are much less frequent,due to the difficulty of obtaining reliable data about past color distributions along environmen-tal gradients.In this article,we describe a case of decades-long temporal stability and directional change in a color cline of the marine snail Littorina saxatilis along the coastal inlet of the Ria de Vigo(NW Spain).L.saxatilis from this area shows a clear color cline with 3 distinct areas from the innermost to the more wave-exposed localities of the Ria:the inner,protected localities show an abundance of fawn-like individuals;the intermediate localities show a high diversity of colors;and the outer,wave-exposed localities show populations with a high frequency of a black and lineated morph.We compare data from the 1970s and 2022 in the same localities,showing that the cline has kept relatively stable for at least over half a century,except for some directional change and local variability in the frequency of certain morphs.Multiple regression analyses and biodiversity measures are presented to provide clues into the selective pressures that might be involved in the maintenance of this color cline.Future research avenues to properly test the explanatory power of these selective agents as well as the possible origins of the cline are discussed.

关键词： clinal variation color polymorphism ecological gradient Littorina saxatilis natural selection wave exposure.

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The relationship between morphology and flight in Drosophila:a study of two pairs of sibling species from a natural population

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Insect Science 2024年第3期31卷 885-900页

作者： Nicolás Flaibani Victoría Estefania Ortiz Juan JoséFanara Valeria Paula Carreira Laboratorio de Evolucion Departamento de EcologiaGenética y Evolucion(DEGE)Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales(FCEN)Universidad de Buenos Aires(UBA)Instituto de GenéticaEcologia y Evolucion de Buenos Aires(IEGEBA)Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificasy Tecnicas(CONICET)-UBABuenos AiresArgentina

Insect flight is a complex trait involved in different behaviors,from the search for sexual partners,food,or breeding sites.Many studies have postulated the adaptive advantages of certain morphological traits in relation to increased flight capacity,such as low values of wing loading or high values of wing:thorax ratio and wing-aspect ratio.However,few studies have evaluated the relationship between variables related to flight and morphological traits in Drosophila.This work aimed to study morphological traits in males and females of two pairs of sibling species:Drosophila buzzati Patterson and Wheeler-Drosophila koeferae Fontdevila and Wasserman,and Drosophila melanogaster Meigen-Drosophila simulans Sturtevant,and to analyze its relationship with flight.We detected the highest proportion of flight time in D.koepferae and D.simulans compared to D.buzzati and D.melanogaster,respectively.Our results also revealed sexual dimorphism,with males exhibiting a higher proportion of flight time than females.Surprisingly,we did not find a general pattern to explain the relationship between morphology and the proportion of flight time because associations varied depending upon the analyses(considering all groups together or each sex-species combination separately).Moreover,these associations explained a low percentage of variation,suggesting that other nonmorphological components related to flight,such as physiological variables,should be taken into account.This work allowed us to show the variability and complexity of an aspect of flight,suggesting that the adaptive role of the morphological traits studied might have been overestimated.

关键词： morphological traits time in flight wing loading wing:thorax ratio wingaspect ratio wing second moment of area

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Genetic and epigenetic targets of natural dietary compounds as anti-Alzheimer's agents

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第4期19卷 846-854页

作者： Willian Orlando Castillo-Ordoñez Nohelia Cajas-Salazar Mayra Alejandra Velasco-Reyes Facultad de Ciencias Naturales-Exactas y de la Educación Departamento de Biología.Universidad del Cauca departamento de Estudios Psicológicos Universidad Icesi

Alzheimer’s disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder and the most common cause of dementia that principally affects older adults.Pathogenic factors,such as oxidative stress,an increase in acetylcholinesterase activity,mitochondrial dysfunction,genotoxicity,and neuroinflammation are present in this syndrome,which leads to neurodegeneration.Neurodegenerative pathologies such as Alzheimer’s disease are considered late-onset diseases caused by the complex combination of genetic,epigenetic,and environmental factors.There are two main types of Alzheimer’s disease,known as familial Alzheimer’s disease(onsetdelian anomalies suggesting an epigenetic component in its etiology.Importantly,the fundamental pathophysiological mechanisms driving Alzheimer’s disease are interfaced with epigenetic dysregulation.However,the dynamic nature of epigenetics seems to open up new avenues and hope in regenerative neurogenesis to improve brain repair in Alzheimer’s disease or following injury or stroke in humans.In recent years,there has been an increase in interest in using natural products for the treatment of neurodegenerative illnesses such as Alzheimer’s disease.Through epigenetic mechanisms,such as DNA methylation,non-coding RNAs,histone modification,and chromatin conformation regulation,natural compounds appear to exert neuroprotective effects.While we do not purport to cover every in this work,we do attempt to illustrate how various phytochemical compounds regulate the epigenetic effects of a few Alzheimer’s disease-related genes.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease epigenetics genes methylation natural products

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Gustatory responsiveness in Vespula germanica workers:exploring the interplay between sensory perception and task specialization

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Insect Science 2024年第2期31卷 587-598页

作者： Analia Mattiacci Carolina Mengoni Gonalons MaitéMasciocchi Juan C.Corley Grupo de Ecologia de Poblaciones de Insectos IFAB(CONICETINTA EEA Bariloche)BarilocheArgentina departamento de Ecologia Centro Regional Universitario BarilocheUniversidad Nacional Del ComahueBarilocheArgentina departamento de Biodiversidad y Biologia Experimental Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y NaturalesUniversidad de Buenos AiresBuenos AiresArgentina

Workers'task specialization and division of labor are critical features of social insects'ecological success.It has been proposed that the division of labor relies on response threshold models:individuals varying their sensitivity(and responsiveness)to biologically relevant stimuli and performing a specific task when a stimulus exceeds an internal threshold.In this work,we study carbohydrate and protein responsiveness and their relation to worker task specialization in Vespula germanica,an invasive social wasp.The sucrose and peptone responsiveness of two different subcastes,preforagers and foragers,was determined by stimulating the antenna of the wasps with increasing concentrations of the solution and quantifying whether each concentration elicited a licking response.We studied responsiveness in five different ways:(1)response threshold,(2)concentration 50(concentration to which at least 50%of wasps responded),(3)maximum response,(4)mean scores and(5)median scores.Our results suggest that V germanica foragers are more sensitive to sucrose(lower thresholds)than preforager workers.However,we found no differences for peptone thresholds(i.e.,a protein resource).Nonetheless,this is the first study to investigate response thresholds for protein resources.The intercaste variation in sucrose responsiveness shown in our work contributes to the existing knowledge about response threshold theory as a mechanism for task specialization observed in V germanica.

关键词： carbohydrates responsiveness division of labor protein responsiveness response thresholds models social insect yellow jacket

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Targeting epidermal growth factor receptor signaling to facilitate cortical injury repair?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第5期19卷 935-936页

作者： Ricardo Gómez-Oliva Pedro Nunez-Abades Carmen Castro Área de Fisiología Facultad de Medicina Universidad de CádizCadizSpain Instituto de Investigación e Innovación en Biomedicina de Cádiz CadizSpain departamento de Fisiología Facultad de FarmaciaUniversidad de SevillaSevilleSpain

The existence of neural stem cells(NSC)in specific areas of the adult mammalian brain leads to the generation of new neurons involved in homeostatic mechanisms.This is the case of the NSC of the subventricular zone(SVZ)that produces olfactory bulb(OB)neurons.These neurons integrate into circuits to modulate sensory information and participate in olfactory processing(Bragado Alonso et al.,2019).A series of hierarchical events need to take place to produce OB neurons from NSC of the SVZ.First,the activation of quiescent NSC is necessary to produce intermediate transit amplifying progenitors(TAP),which will generate neuroblasts.The latter are cells that maintain a proliferative phenotype while in an immature phase.However,once they initiate migration toward the OB,they progressively undergo their differentiation into neurons(Kjell et al.,2020).

关键词： ventricular maintain

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Freeze-thaw cycles and associated geomorphology in a post-glacial environment:current glacial,paraglacial,periglacial and proglacial scenarios at Pico de Orizaba volcano,Mexico

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第6期21卷 1954-1977页

作者： Víctor SOTO Carlos M.WELSH R. Kenji YOSHIKAWA Hugo deLGADO GRANADOS Centro de Ciencias de la Tierra Universidad VeracruzanaCircuito Gonzalo Aguirre BeltránS/NZona Universitaria91090XalapaMéxico Water and Environmental Research Center University of Alaska FairbanksFairbanksAlaska 99775USA Instituto de Geofísica Universidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoCiudad de México 04150México department of Earth and Environmental Sciences Ludwig Maximilians UniversitätMunich 80333Germany

The glacial history of Pico de Orizaba indicates that during the Last Glacial Maximum,its icecap covered up to~3000 m asl;due to the air temperature increasing,its main glacier has retreated to 5050 m asl.The retraction of the glacier has left behind an intense climatic instability that causes a high frequency of freeze-thaw cycles of great intensity;the resulting geomorphological processes are represented by the fragmentation of the bedrock that occupies the upper parts of the mountain.There is a notable lack of studies regarding the fragmentation and erosion occurring in tropical high mountains,and the associated geomorphological risks;for this reason,as a first stage of future continuous research,this study analyzes the freezing and thawing cycles that occur above 4000 m asl,through continuous monitoring of surface ground temperature.The results allow us to identify and characterize four zones:glacial,paraglacial,periglacial and proglacial.It was found that the paraglacial zone presents an intense drop of temperature,of up to~9℃ in only sixty minutes.The rock fatigue and intense freeze-thaw cycles that occur in this area are responsible for the high rate of rock disintegration and represent the main factor of the constant slope dynamics that occur at the site.This activity decreases,both in frequency and intensity,according to the distance to the glacier,which is where the temperature presents a certain degree of stability,until reaching the proglacial zone,where cycles are almost non-existent,and therefore there is no gelifraction activity.The geomorphological processes have resulted in significant alterations to the mountain slopes,which can have severe consequences in terms of risk and water.

关键词： Freeze-Thaw Gelifraction Mountain mechanical erosion Periglacial geomorphology Postglacial scenarios

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Obstetric Emergencies at the Kara university Hospital Maternity Ward: Sociodemographic, Etiological and Prognostic Aspects

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2024年第1期14卷 69-76页

作者： Logbo-Akey Kossi Edem Bassowa Akila Ketevi Tina Kambote Yendoubé Patchidi Kibandou Amewouho Kofi Ajavon Dédé Régina Aboubakari Abdoul-Samadou Service de Gynécologie-Obstétrique CHU Kara Université de Kara Kara Togo Service de Gynécologie-Obstétrique CHU Campus Université de Lomé Lomé Togo Service de Gynécologie-Obstétrique CHU Sylvanus Olympio Université de Lomé Togo Faculté des sciences de la santé Université de Lomé Lomé Togo Service de Gynécologie-Obstétrique CHR Tomdé Université de Kara Togo

Introduction: Obstetric emergencies are common throughout the world and more particularly in developing countries where they are responsible for high maternal-fetal mortality and morbidity. Objective: Study obstetric emergencies in the maternity ward of Kara university Hospital. Method: Retrospective and descriptive study from April 1, 2022 to March 30, 2023, carried out in the Obstetrics and Gynecology department of Kara university Hospital. Results: Eight hundred and thirty-five (835) obstetric emergencies were recorded out of 2215 admissions, i.e. a frequency of 37.7%. The average age of the patients was 26.7 with a range of 14 and 45 years. They were primigravidas (36.7%) and nulliparous (38.7%), referred (84.7%) and came from rural areas (72%). Emergencies occurred in the 3rd trimester in 74.1% and in parturients (54.1%). Preeclampsia (27%), cessation of progression of labor due to feto-pelvic disproportion (12.4%), postpartum hemorrhage (7.5%) constituted the main obstetric emergencies. In 44.8%, the delivery was carried out vaginally. Magnesium sulfate was the most used drug, i.e. 30.1%;followed by antihypertensive medications in 28.1%. Blood transfusion was performed in 24.3%. The evolution was simple in 90.9%. The maternal fatality rate was 1.6%. The perinatal case fatality rate was 12.3%. Conclusion: Obstetric emergencies are common, dominated by preeclampsia, stopping progress of labor and postpartum hemorrhages. They are responsible for high morbidity and mortality.

关键词： Obstetric Emergency Kara university Hospital

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Resilience to structural and molecular changes in excitatory synapses in the hippocampus contributes to cognitive function recovery in Tg2576 mice

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第9期19卷 2068-2074页

作者： Carolina Aguado Sara Badesso JoséMartínez-Hernández Alejandro Martín-Belmonte Rocío Alfaro-Ruiz Miriam Fernández Ana Esther Moreno-Martínez Mar Cuadrado-Tejedor Ana García-Osta Rafael Luján Synaptic Structure Laboratory Instituto de Investigación en Discapacidades Neurológicas(IDINE)Department of Medical SciencesFacultad de MedicinaUniversidad de Castilla-La ManchaCampus BiosanitarioAlbaceteSpain Gene Therapy for Neurological Disease Program Center for Applied Medical Research(CIMA)University of NavarraInstituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra(IdiSNA)PamplonaSpain Pharmacology Unit Department of Pathology and Experimental TherapeuticsFaculty of Medicine and Health SciencesInstitute of NeurosciencesUniversity of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain Neuropharmacology and Pain Group Neuroscience ProgramInstitut d’InvestigacióBiomèdica de BellvitgeIDIBELLL’Hospitalet de LlobregatSpain department of Pathology Anatomy and PhysiologySchool of MedicineUniversity of NavarraPamplonaSpain universitéGrenoble Alpes Grenoble Institut des NeurosciencesGrenobleFrance

Plaques of amyloid-β(Aβ)and neurofibrillary tangles are the main pathological characteristics of Alzheimer’s disease(AD).However,some older adult people with AD pathological hallmarks can retain cognitive function.Unraveling the factors that lead to this cognitive resilience to AD offers promising prospects for identifying new therapeutic targets.Our hypothesis focuses on the contribution of resilience to changes in excitatory synapses at the structural and molecular levels,which may underlie healthy cognitive performance in aged AD animals.Utilizing the Morris Water Maze test,we selected resilient(asymptomatic)and cognitively impaired aged Tg2576 mice.While the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay showed similar levels of Aβ42 in both experimental groups,western blot analysis revealed differences in tau pathology in the pre-synaptic supernatant fraction.To further investigate the density of synapses in the hippocampus of 16-18 month-old Tg2576 mice,we employed stereological and electron microscopic methods.Our findings indicated a decrease in the density of excitatory synapses in the stratum radiatum of the hippocampal CA1 in cognitively impaired Tg2576 mice compared with age-matched resilient Tg2576 and non-transgenic controls.Intriguingly,through quantitative immunoelectron microscopy in the hippocampus of impaired and resilient Tg2576 transgenic AD mice,we uncovered differences in the subcellular localization of glutamate receptors.Specifically,the density of GluA1,GluA2/3,and mGlu5 in spines and dendritic shafts of CA1 pyramidal cells in impaired Tg2576 mice was significantly reduced compared with age-matched resilient Tg2576 and non-transgenic controls.Notably,the density of GluA2/3 in resilient Tg2576 mice was significantly increased in spines but not in dendritic shafts compared with impaired Tg2576 and non-transgenic mice.These subcellular findings strongly support the hypothesis that dendritic spine plasticity and synaptic machinery in the hippocampus play crucial roles in the mechanisms of cognitive resil

关键词： aging Alzheimer´s disease cognitive hippocampus immunoelectron microscopy resilience synapse

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