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Adult neurogenesis:a real hope or a delusion?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第1期19卷 6-15页

作者： Ghulam Hussain Rabia Akram Haseeb Anwar Faiqa Sajid Tehreem Iman Hyung Soo Han Chand Raza Jose-Luis Gonzalez de Aguilar Neurochemicalbiology and Genetics Laboratory(NGL) Department of PhysiologyFaculty of Life SciencesGovernment College UniversityFaisalabadPunjabPakistan department of Physiology School of MedicineClinical Omics InstituteKyungpook National UniversityDaeguKorea department of Zoology Faculty of Chemistry and Life SciencesGovernment College UniversityLahorePakistan INSERM U1118Mécanismes Centraux et Péripheriques de la NeurodégénérescenceStrasbourgFranceUniversitéde StrasbourgStrasbourgFrance

Adult neurogenesis,the process of creating new neurons,involves the coordinated division,migration,and differentiation of neural stem cells.This process is restricted to neurogenic niches located in two distinct areas of the brain:the subgranular zone of the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus and the subventricular zone of the lateral ventricle,where new neurons are generated and then migrate to the olfactory bulb.Neurogenesis has been thought to occur only during the embryonic and early postnatal stages and to decline with age due to a continuous depletion of neural stem cells.Interestingly,recent years have seen tremendous progress in our understanding of adult brain neurogenesis,bridging the knowledge gap between embryonic and adult neurogenesis.Here,we discuss the current status of adult brain neurogenesis in light of what we know about neural stem cells.In this notion,we talk about the importance of intra cellular signaling molecules in mobilizing endogenous neural stem cell prolife ration.Based on the current understanding,we can declare that these molecules play a role in targeting neurogenesis in the mature brain.However,to achieve this goal,we need to avoid the undesired proliferation of neural stem cells by controlling the necessary checkpoints,which can lead to tumorigenesis and prove to be a curse instead of a blessing or hope.

关键词： adult neurogenesis aging brain-derived neurotrophic factor dentate gyrus hippocampus neural stem cells neurotrophic factors Notch oxidative stress stem cells subgranular zone

Prompt neutron emission in 250No spontaneous fission associated with ground and isomeric state decays

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第6期48卷 112-117页

作者： R.S.Mukhin A.V.Isaev A.V.Andreev M.L.Chelnokov V.I.Chepigin H.M.devaraja I.N.Izosimov A.A.Kuznetsova O.N.Malyshev A.G.Popeko Yu.A.Popov A.Rahmatinejad B.Sailaubekov T.M.Shneidman E.A.Sokol A.I.Svirikhin M.S.Tezekbayeva M.A.Bychkov A.V.Yeremin O.Dorvaux B.Gall K.Kessaci K.Hauschild A.Lopez-Martens Joint Institute for Nuclear Research Dubna141980Russia Dubna State university Dubna141982Russia Institute of Nuclear Physics Almaty050032Kazakhstan L.N.Gumilyov Eurasian National university Astana010008Kazakhstan Kazan Federal university Kazan420008Russia universitéde strasbourg CNRSStrasbourg67000France IJCLab IN2P3-CNRSUniversitéParis-SaclayOrsay91400France

The complete-fusion reaction^(204)Pb(^(48)Ca,2n)^(250)No was used to study two activities of^(250)No with distinct half-lives.A total of 1357 events were observed in the SFiNx neutron detection system.The average number of neutrons emitted per spontaneous fission of^(250)No was determined to be(4.1±0.1).The unusually symmetrical shape of the prompt neutron multiplicity distribution was restored and presented for the first time.Statistical tests were performed to compare the prompt neutron multiplicity distributions associated with the ground state and K-isomer state decays.

关键词： spontaneous fission prompt neutrons actinide

Electronic engineering of Co-Ru diatomic sites and Ru nanoparticles for synergistic promotion of hydrogen evolution

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Nano Research 2024年第5期17卷 3714-3723页

作者： Wei Zhang Cong Li Yongyong Cao Jun-Yang Ji Zhao-Chen Li Zheng Niu Hongwei Gu Pierre Braunstein Jian-Ping Lang College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials ScienceSoochow UniversitySuzhou 215123China State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry Shanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200032China College of Biological Chemical Science and EngineeringJiaxing UniversityJiaxing 314001China universitéde strasbourg-CNRS Institut de Chimie(UMR 7177 CNRS)4 rue Blaise Pascal-CS 9003267081 StrasbourgFrance

The coexistence of multi-component active sites like single-atom sites,diatomic sites(DAS)and nanoclusters is shown to result in superior performances in the hydrogen evolution reaction(HER).Metal diatomic sites are more complex than single-atom sites but their unique electronic structures can lead to significant enhancement of the HER kinetics.Although the synthesis and identification of DAS is usually challenging,we report a simple access to a diatomic catalyst by anchoring Co-Ru DAS on nitrogen-doped carbon supports along with Ru nanoparticles(NPs).Experimental and theoretical results revealed the atomic-level characteristics of Co-Ru sites,their strong electronic coupling and their synergy with Ru NPs within the catalyst.The unique electronic structure of the catalyst resulted in an excellent HER activity and stability in alkaline media.This work provides a valuable insight into a widely applicable design of diatomic catalysts with multi-component active sites for highly efficient HER electrocatalysis.

关键词： Co-Ru diatomic sites Ru nanoparticles multiple active sites synergistic effect hydrogen evolution reaction

Littoral landforms of Lake Hulun and Lake Buir(China and Mongolia):Wind-driven hydro-sedimentary dynamics and resulting clastics distribution

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2024年第2期13卷 309-326页

作者： Li Wang Mathieu Schuster Shi-Wei Xin Florin Zainescu Xin-Yu Xue Joep Storms Jan-Hendrik May Alexis Nutz Helena van der Vegt Guilherme Bozetti Zai-Xing Jiang School of Energy Resources China University of Geosciences(Beijing)Beijing100083China universite de strasbourg CNRSENGEESInstitut Terre et Environnement de StrasbourgUMR 70635 Rue DescartesStrasbourgFrance Tamsag Mongolia(XIX)Ltd. PetroChinaDaqing 163000China CEREGE Aix-Marseille UniversitéCNESIRDCollege de FranceINRAAix en ProvenceFrance School of Marine Science Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519083China delft university of Technology Department of Geoscience and EngineeringDelfthe Netherlands School of Geography Earth and Atmospheric SciencesUniversity of Melbourne253 Elgin St.CarltonVIC 3053Australia deltares Delfthe Netherlands SCMF Faculty of GeographyUniversity of Bucharest1 N.Balcescu Blv.BucharestRomania

Two rectangular-shaped lakes,Lake Hulun and Lake Buir,located at the boundary between China and Mongolia,only c.75 km apart and therefore experiencing similar wind fields,have been studied based on satellite images and field surveys in order to compare their geomorphological and sedimentological characteristics.The wind-driven hydrodynamics,which have a significant effect on the development of littoral landforms and on sediment distribution,have been discussed for the two similar lakes that experienced a prevailing wind perpendicular to their long axis.A conceptual model related to wind-driven water bodies and sediment distribution is proposed.Wave-influenced to wave-dominated deltas,beaches,spits,and eolian dune deposits develop around these two lakes,with a strikingly similar distribution pattern.These features locally inform the longshore drift and help reconstruct the water circulation induced by wind forcing.Under the NW prevailing wind regime,the spits developed on the SW coast with a NW—SE extension,which was influenced by the NW—SE longshore currents.The same influence was observed in the delta extension in the NE area.The differences lie in the presence of fan deltas in the NW region of Lake Hulun,but not in Lake Buir.Additionally,the width of the beach and eolian deposits on the downwind coast of Lake Hulun is three times greater than that of Lake Buir which were caused by the differences in sediment supply and wind fetch between the two lakes.Lake Hulun and Lake Buir provide two reliable examples to understand the relationship among the wind field,provenance,hydrodynamics,landforms,and asymmetrical distribution of clastics in elongated lakes.They also represent relevant modern analogs,which may also be of guiding significance to wind-driven sand body prediction in lacustrine basins.

关键词： Wind-driven lakes Fetch Sedimentary facies Hydrodynamics Geomorphology Spits Shoreline Lake Hulun Lake Buir

Establishment of a three-dimensional particle library for graded crushed stone based on a new aggregate morphology characterization method

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2024年第1期11卷 117-130页

作者： Haitao Ge Aimin Sha Zhenqiang Han School of Future Transportation Chang'an UniversityXi'an 710064China university of strasbourg INSA StrasbourgCNRSICubeUMR 7357Strasbourg F-67000France School of Highway Chang'an UniversityXi'an 710064China Key Laboratory for Special Area Highway Engineering of Ministry of Education Chang'an UniversityXi'an 710064China

The morphology of graded crushed stone(GCS)particles has an essential influence on the performance of aggregate mixtures.The impact of particle shape is a comprehensive effect that cannot be considered separately,leading to difficulties in establishing the relationship between the mixture properties and the aggregate morphology by using laboratory methods.The discrete element method(deM)is an effective way widely adopted to reconstruct the morphology of particles and simulate performance tests of granular materials.However,selecting limited particles characterizing a real particle-assembly for simulation is still a challenge in current research due to the inherent rich variability of particle shapes.In this study,based on the acquisition of three-dimensional(3D)aggregate shapes by using laser scanning,ellipsoid index(EDI)translating the particle shape as a function of surface area,volume,and contour length is proposed to comprehensively evaluate aggregate morphology.Further,a particle library capable of characterizing aggregate morphology distribution is established based on the statistics of the corresponding morphological characteristics of particle samples.The model reliability is validated by carrying out a series of experimental and numerical penetration tests with nine different gradations.The established particle library can be used to model aggregate mixtures and the proposed simulation framework is promising for optimizing the mixture gradation design numerically.

关键词： Particle library Discrete element method 3D laser scanning Coarse aggregate Morphology characterization Gradation design

Monolithic metal-based/porous carbon nanocomposites made from dissolved cellulose for use in electrochemical capacitor

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Green Carbon 2024年第1期2卷 109-117页

作者： Madhav P.Chavhan Arjeta Kryeziu Somenath Ganguly Julien Parmentier university of Ostrava Faculty of Science30.dubna 22Ostrava 70103Czech Republic universitéde strasbourg Universitéde Haute-AlsaceInstitut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse(IS2M)UMR 7361 CNRS-UHA15 rue Jean StarckyBP 248868057 Mulhouse CedexFrance Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur Department of Chemical EngineeringKharagpurIndia

Porous metal-based carbon nanocomposites,with a monolithic shape,were prepared by a one-pot synthesis from dissolved cellulose and metallic salts using a simple,cheap,and environmentally friendly route.Their potential performances as electrochemical capacitors were tested with three metal precursors(M=Cu,Mn,and Fe)with two loadings and in an asymmetric cell for the Fe-based carbon material.Interestingly,here soluble metal precursors were not deposited on a hard cellulose template but mixed in a precooled concentrated NaOH solution where cellulose was previously dissolved,allowing for a good dispersion of the metallic species.After a freezing step where concomitant cellulose regeneration and pore ice-templating phenomena took place,followed by a carbonization step,the mixture led to a porous carbon monolith embedding well-dispersed metal-based nanoparticles having a diameter below 20 nm and present as metallic,oxide,or carbide phase(s)according to the element M.These materials were characterized by different physicochemical techniques and electrochemical tests.Their performances as supercapacitors are discussed in light of the specific behaviour of the metal-based phase and its influence on the carbon matrix properties such as mesopore formation and carbon graphitization.An asymmetric energy storage cell assembled with a Fe-based carbon electrode against a carbon xerogel electrode derived from a phenolic resin shows specific energy and power of 18.3 Wh kg^(−1)at 5 mA cm^(−2)and 1.6 kW kg^(−1)at 25 mA cm^(−2),respectively.

关键词： Cellulose Metal-based carbon nanocomposite Nanoparticles Monolith Supercapacitor

Diatom and Diatomite: Different Focus on Natural Media to Material Science Path

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2024年第1期15卷 1-29页

作者： Secou Sall Vasiliki Papaefthimiou Thierry Dintzer Fabrice Vigneron Eric Brendlé Pierre Petit Tom Ferte Saliha Haddoum Sana Labidi Corinne Petit ICPEES UMR-CNRS 7515 Strasbourg University Strasbourg France Adscientis Wittelsheim France ICS CNRS UPR 22 Strasbourg France IPCMS UMR CNRS 7504 Strasbourg University Strasbourg France Ecole Nationale Polytechnique El-Harrach Algeria

Bio-silica issued from diatom, a microalgae, is attracted increasing attention in material science thanks to its peculiar nanoarchitecture and related properties with versatile applications. The present work is a deep analysis on morphological and chemical properties of bio-silica issued from fossil origin (diatomaceous earth) and living one (algal paste). An optimization in purification protocol was performed to obtain multiparous bio-silica from its raw media with keeping its original shape entirely. Multiple characterization methods as scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), infrared spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction (DRX), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), nitrogen adsorption and inverse gas chromatography (IGC), were used to check the purification protocol efficiency as well as to gather accurate information on morphology and chemical composition of diatom material obtained in large amount.

关键词： Diatom Diatomite Bio-Silica Purification Frustule

Photogrammetry and deep learning for energy production prediction and building-integrated photovoltaics decarbonization

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Building Simulation 2024年第2期17卷 189-205页

作者： Ilyass Abouelaziz Youssef Jouane CESI LINEACT 7 bis Av.Robert Schuman51100ReimsFrance CESI LINEACT Parc Club des Tanneries 2 all Foulons67380StrasbourgFrance

Building-Integrated photovoltaics(BIPV)have emerged as a promising sustainable energy solution,relying on accurate energy production predictions and effective decarbonization strategies for efficient deployment.This paper presents a novel approach that combines photogrammetry and deep learning techniques to address the problem of BIPV decarbonization.The method is called BIM-AITIZATION referring to the integration of BIM data,AI techniques,and automation principles.It integrates photogrammetric data into practical BIM parameters.In addition,it enhances the precision and reliability of PV energy prediction by using artificial intelligence strategies.The primary aim of this approach is to offer advanced,data-driven energy forecasts and BIPV decarbonization while fully automating the underlying process.To achieve this,the first step is to capture point cloud data of the building through photogrammetric acquisition.This data undergoes preprocessing to identify and remove unwanted points,followed by plan segmentation to extract the plan facade.After that,a meteorological dataset is assembled,incorporating various attributes that influence energy production,including solar irradiance parameters as well as BIM parameters.Finally,machine and deep learning techniques are used for accurate photovoltaic energy predictions and the automation of the entire process.Extensive experiments are conducted,including multiple tests aimed at assessing the performance of diverse machine learning models.The objective is to identify the most suitable model for our specific application.Furthermore,a comparative analysis is undertaken,comparing the performance of the proposed model against that of various established BIPV software tools.The outcomes reveal that the proposed approach surpasses existing software solutions in both accuracy and precision.To extend its applicability,the approach is evaluated using a building case study,demonstrating its ability to generalize effectively to new building data.

关键词： building-integrated photovoltaic(BIPV) deep learning building information modeling photogrammetric building decarbonization

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多孔灰岩局部化变形的精细化描述与数字表征

大地构造与成矿学 2024年第3期48卷 547-556页

作者：武岳彪孟范宝王岳军 Patrick Baud 黄庭芳中山大学地球科学与工程学院广东珠海519082 香港中文大学理学院地球与环境科学课程香港999077 universitéde strasbourg CNRSInstitute Terre et Environnement de StrasbourgUMR 70635 Rue RenéDescartesStrasbourg cedex 67084France department of Geosciences Stony Brook UniversityStony Brook NY 11794USA

压实带是一种典型的应变局部化现象,影响储层流体的封存、输运以及地下岩体的稳定性。多孔灰岩局部化变形的相关研究一直是难点,不像砂岩样品可以通过明显的声发射信号特征来分析与表征压实带的形成与演化规律。本文利用动态CT技术,实... 详细信息

压实带是一种典型的应变局部化现象,影响储层流体的封存、输运以及地下岩体的稳定性。多孔灰岩局部化变形的相关研究一直是难点,不像砂岩样品可以通过明显的声发射信号特征来分析与表征压实带的形成与演化规律。本文利用动态CT技术,实时监测灰岩局部化变形到宏观失稳的演化过程,重点描述压实带形成初期的局部化变形特征,涵盖了应变量>5%的变形部分特征。在灰岩变形过程中可以识别两处明显非弹性变形阶段:即初始大孔隙坍塌阶段和后续压实带形成过程,利用图像体积互相关技术定量表征压实带的演化特征,精细化描述压实带形成过程的微观破裂特征,系统分析离散压实带内的连通孔隙分布规律,发现连通孔隙与局部化变形有紧密联系,并基于CT扫描的孔隙网络数据,利用纳维斯特斯方程计算绝对渗透率,以渗透率为参考指标,研究局部化变形引起的损伤程度。

关键词：局部化变形 CT技术灰岩孔隙网络