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A level line of the Gaussian free field with measure-valued boundary conditions

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Science China Mathematics 2024年第2期67卷 367-404页

作者： Titus Lupu Hao Wu Laboratoire de Probabilités Statistique et ModélisationSorbonne Universitéand UniversitéParis CitéCNRSParis F-75005France Yau Mathematical Sciences Center Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

In this article, we construct samples of Schramm-Loewner-evolution-like curves out of samples ofthe conformal loop ensemble and Poisson point processes of Brownian excursions. We show that the laws of thesecurves depend continuously on the intensity measure of the Brownian excursions. Using such a construction ofcurves, we extend the notion of level lines of the Gaussian free field to the case where the boundary conditionis measure-valued.

关键词： Schramm-Loewner evolution conformal loop ensemble Brownian excursion Gaussian free field

Parallelization of frequency domain quantum gates:manipulation and distribution of frequency-entangled photon pairs generated by a 21 GHz silicon microresonator

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Advanced Photonics 2024年第3期6卷 60-69页

作者： Antoine Henry Dario A.Fioretto Lorenzo M.Procopio Stéphane Monfray Frédéric Boeuf Laurent Vivien Eric Cassan Carlos Alonzo-Ramos Kamel Bencheikh Isabelle Zaquine Nadia Belabas Institut Polytechnique de paris LTCITélécom ParisPalaiseauFrance université paris-Saclay CNRSCentre for Nanosciences and NanotechnologyUMR 9001PalaiseauFrance Weizmann Institute of Science RehovotIsrael STMicroelectronics SAS CrollesFrance

Harnessing the frequency dimension in integrated photonics offers key advantages in terms of scalability,noise resilience,parallelization,and compatibility with telecom multiplexing *** ring resonators have been used to generate frequency-entangled states through spontaneous four-wave ***,state-of-the-art integrated resonators are limited by trade-offs among size,spectral separation,and efficient photon pair *** have developed silicon ring resonators with a footprint below 0.05 mm^(2)providing more than 70 frequency channels separated by 21 *** exploit the narrow frequency separation to parallelize and independently control 34 single qubit-gates with a single set of three off-the-shelf electro-optic *** fully characterize 17 frequency-bin maximally entangled qubit pairs by performing quantum state *** demonstrate for the first time,we believe,a fully connected five-user quantum network in the frequency *** results are a step towards a generation of quantum circuits implemented with scalable silicon photonics technology,for applications in quantum computing and secure communications.

关键词： integrated photonics frequency domain quantum gates quantum networks

Severe asthma exacerbation:Changes in patient characteristics,management,and outcomes from 1997 to 2016 in 40 ICUs in the greater paris area

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Journal of Intensive Medicine 2024年第2期4卷 209-215页

作者： Romy Younan Jean Loup Augy Bertrand Hermann Bertrand Guidet Philippe Aegerter Emmanuel Guerot Ana Novara Caroline Hauw-Berlemont Amer Hamdan Clotilde Bailleul Francesca Santi Jean-Luc Diehl Nicolas Peron Nadia Aissaoui Intensive Care Unit AP-HPGeorges Pompidou European HospitalUniversitéde ParisParisFrance Intensive Care Unit AP-HPSaint Antoine HospitalUniversités de SorbonneUniversitéPierre et Marie CurieParisFrance INSERM U1136 ParisFrance Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines university INSERM U1018Groupe Interrégional de Recherche Clinique et d'InnovationÎle-de-FranceFrance Respiratory Medicine department AP-HPGeorges Pompidou European HospitalUniversitéde ParisParisFrance Innovative Therapies in Hemostasis INSERM UMR-S1140Universitéde ParisParisFrance Intensive Care Unit and Biosurgical Research Lab(Carpentier Foundation) AP-HPGeorges Pompidou European HospitalParisFrance paris-Cardiovascular-Research-Center INSERM U970ParisFrance

Background despite advances in asthma treatments,severe asthma exacerbation(SAE)remains a life-threatening condition in adults,and there is a lack of data derived from adult patients admitted to intensive care units(ICUs)for *** current study investigated changes in adult patient characteristics,management,and outcomes of SAE over a 20-year period in 40 ICUs in the greater paris *** In this retrospective observational study,admissions to 40 ICUs in the greater paris area for SAE from January 1,1997,to december 31,2016 were *** primary outcome was the proportion of ICU admissions for SAE during 5-year *** outcomes were ICU and hospital mortality,and the use of mechanical ventilation and *** analysis was performed to assess factors associated with ICU *** A total of 7049 admissions for SAE were *** each 5-year period,the proportion decreased over time,with SAE accounting for 2.84%of total ICU admissions(n=2841)between 1997 and 2001,1.76%(n=1717)between 2002 and 2006,1.05%(n=965)between 2007 and 2011,and 1.05%(n=1526)between 2012 and *** median age was 46 years(interquartile range[IQR]:32–59 years),55.41%were female,the median Simplified Acute Physiology Score II was 20(IQR:13–28),and 19.76%had mechanical *** use of mechanical ventilation remained infrequent throughout the 20-year period,whereas the use of catecholamine *** and hospital mortality rates *** associated with ICU mortality were renal replacement therapy,catecholamine,cardiac arrest,pneumothorax,acute respiratory distress syndrome,sepsis,and invasive mechanical ventilation(IMV).Non-survivors were older,had more severe symptoms,and were more likely to have received *** ICU admission for SAE remains uncommon,and the proportion of cases decreased over *** a slight increase in symptom severity during a 20-year period,ICU and hospital mortality *** requirin

关键词： Epidemiology Intensive care unit Mechanical ventilation Severe asthma exacerbation

Soluble p75 neurotrophic receptor as a reliable biomarker in neurodegenerative diseases: what is the evidence?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第3期19卷 536-541页

作者： Georges Jourdi Samuel Fleury Imane Boukhatem Marie Lordkipanidzé Research Center Montreal Heart InstituteMontrealQCCanada Faculty of Pharmacy Universitéde MontréalMontrealQCCanada universitéparis Cité INSERMInnovative Therapies in HaemostasisParisFrance Service d’Hématologie Biologique AP-HPHôpital LariboisièreParisFrance

Neurodegenerative diseases are often misdiagnosed,especially when the diagnosis is based solely on clinical *** p75 neurotrophic receptor(p75^(NTR))has been studied as an index of sensory and motor nerve development and *** cleavable extracellular domain(ECD)is readily detectable in various biological fluids including plasma,serum and *** is evidence for increased p75NTR ECD levels in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease,amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,age-related dementia,schizophrenia,and diabetic *** p75^(NTR) ECD could be used as a biomarker for diagnosis and/or prognosis in these disorders,and whether it could potentially lead to the development of targeted therapies,remains an open *** this review,we present and discuss published studies that have evaluated the relevance of this emerging biomarker in the context of various neurodegenerative *** also highlight areas that require further investigation to better understand the role of p75^(NTR) ECD in the clinical diagnosis and management of neurodegenerative disorders.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease amyotrophic lateral sclerosis biomarker dementia diabetic neuropathy nerve growth factor receptor(NGFR) neurodegeneration p75^(NTR) schizophrenia

A global analysis of the introduction pathways and characteristics associated with non-native fish species introduction, establishment, and impacts

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Ecological Processes 2024年第2期13卷 16-31页

作者： Camille Bernery Céline Bellard Franck Courchamp Sébastien Brosse Boris Leroy CNRS Agro Paris Tech Ecologie Systématique Evolution Université Paris-Saclay Unité Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA UMR 8067) Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle Sorbonne Universités Université de Caen Normandie Université des Antilles CNRS IRD Laboratoire évolution & Diversité Biologique (EDB UMR5174) Université Paul Sabatier-Toulouse 3 CNRS IRD UPS

Background The invasion success of introduced freshwater fishes is influenced by many factors, including ecological, species, and socioeconomic characteristics. Most studies that document the importance of these characteristics are conducted at local scales and/or focus on a single step of the invasion process. In this study, we aim to determine the species characteristics, ecological characteristics, and socioeconomic characteristics of non-native freshwater fish invasions. Our assessment was done at the global scale and considers all three steps of the invasion(i.e., introduction, establishment, and impact). For this purpose, we applied generalized linear models to 20 variables collected for 307 non-native species and modeled them as a function of ecological characteristics(i.e., environmental features), species traits(i.e., functional and morphological), and socioeconomic characteristics(i.e., human use and introduction pathways). We considered the number of countries in which each species was introduced, established, or had ecological impacts as a proxy of invasion step success. We also explored the specifics of species introduced through the aquaculture and the ornamental fish trade *** We found that non-native freshwater fishes with broad diets, high parental care, and multiple introduction pathways are the most widely introduced and established worldwide. The number of countries with impacts reported was best explained by the type of introduction pathway(i.e., aquaculture or fisheries). Moreover, among non-native species introduced through aquaculture, those belonging to Cypriniformes and having broad diets were the most widely introduced and established species. In contrast, the species introduced through the ornamental fish trade pathway belonged to various taxonomic orders but were mainly native to tropical *** Considering several types of factors is important when analyzing the invasion success of freshwater fish and disentang

关键词： Aquaculture Ecology Exotic Freshwater fish Introduction pathway Invasion step Morphology Ornamental fish trade Socioeconomic Trait

Risk predictors of post-hepatectomy liver failure: unraveling complexities and navigating challenges in clinical application

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2024年第3期13卷 500-504页

作者： Marc-Anthony Chouillard Christian Hobeika Département de Chirurgie Hépato-Bilio-Pancréatique et de Transplantation Hépatique Hôpital BeaujonAP-HPUniversitéParis-CitéClichyFrance UMR Inserm 1275 CAP paris-Tech Hôpital LariboisièreUniversitéParis-CitéParisFrance

Studies related to the prediction of post-hepatectomy liver failure(PHLF)have seen a surge in recent literature.A PubMed search using the terms((“pred*”OR“nomogra*”OR“model*”)AND(“mortality”OR“liver failure”OR“PHLF”)AND(“hepatect*”OR“liver resect*”))revealed 29 relevant studies on PHLF prediction between January 2020 and November 2023,with 20 adhering to grade B/C International Study Group of Liver Surgery(ISGLS)definitions(Table 1).These studies are primarily enrolling patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).This underscores the growing interest in applying such predictive scores in routine clinical ***,the extent to which these predictive models can be effectively implemented in clinical settings remains unclear(21,22).Indeed,all studies are retrospective,and only a limited number underwent external *** is crucial to recognize that these scores predominantly emerge within surgical cohorts,where patients underwent prior meticulous selection,leading to tailored surgical strategies and the exclusion of specific candidates(21).

关键词： Liver failure modeling prediction hepatectomy

Acetic acid additive in NaNO_(3)aqueous electrolyte for long-lifespan Mg-air batteries

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第2期12卷 825-839页

作者： Yaqing Zhou Fan Sun Gunahua Lin Sandrine Zanna Antoine Seyeux Philippe Marcus Jolanta´Swiatowska Chimie parisTech-CNRS PSL UniversityInstitut de Recherche de Chimie Paris11 rue Pierre et Marie CurieParis 75005France

Mg-air batteries have attracted tremendous attention as a potential next-generation power source for portable electronics and e-transportation due to their remarkable high theoretical volumetric energy density,environmental sustainability,and ***,the fast hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)in NaCl-based aqueous electrolytes impairs the performance of Mg-air batteries and leads to poor specific capacity,low energy density,and low ***,the conventionally used NaCl solute was proposed to be replaced by NaNO_(3)and acetic acid additive as a corrosion inhibitor,therefore an electrolyte engineering for long-life time Mg-air batteries is *** resulting Mg-air batteries based on this optimized electrolyte demonstrate an improved discharge voltage reaching~1.8 V for initial 5 h at a current density of 0.5 mA/cm^(2) and significantly prolonged cells'operational lifetime to over 360 h,in contrast to only~17 h observed in NaCl electrolyte.X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry were employed to analyse the composition of surface film and scanning electron microscopy combined with transmission electron microscopy to clarify the morphology changes of the surface layer as a function of acetic acid *** thorough studies of chemical composition and morphology of corrosion products have allowed us to elucidate the working mechanism of Mg anode in this optimized electrolyte for Mg-air batteries.

关键词： Acetic acid additive in NaNO_(3)electrolyte Electrolyte engineering Corrosion surface film Surface characterization Hydrogen evolution

deterministic and probabilistic analysis of great-depth braced excavations:A 32 m excavation case study in paris

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第5期16卷 1505-1521页

作者： Tingting Zhang Julien Baroth Daniel Dias Khadija Nejjar université Grenoble Alpes CNRSGrenoble INP3SRGrenoble38000France Antea Group Antony92160France School of Automotive and Transportation Engineering Hefei University of TechnologyHefei23009China Terrasol 42-52 Quai de la RapéeParis75012France

The Fort d’Issy-Vanves-Clamart(FIVC)braced excavation in France is analyzed to provide insights into the geotechnical serviceability assessment of excavations at great depth within deterministic and probabilistic *** FIVC excavation is excavated at 32 m below the ground surface in parisian sedimentary basin and a plane-strain finite element analysis is implemented to examine the wall deflections and ground surface settlements.A stochastic finite element method based on the polynomial chaos Kriging metamodel(MSFEM)is then proposed for the probabilistic *** with field measurements and former studies are carried *** academic cases are then conducted to investigate the great-depth excavation stability regarding the maximum horizontal wall deflection and maximum ground surface *** results indicate that the proposed MSFEM is effective for probabilistic analyses and can provide useful insights for the excavation design and construction.A sensitivity analysis for seven considered random parameters is then *** soil friction angle at the excavation bottom layer is the most significant one for *** soil-wall interaction effects on the excavation stability are also given.

关键词： Braced deep excavation Soil-wall interaction Stochastic finite element method Horizontal wall deflection Settlement Failure probability

Machine learning and Bayesian optimization for performance prediction of proton-exchange membrane fuel cells

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Energy and AI

Energy and AI 2024年第3期17卷 98-112页

作者： Soufian Echabarri Phuc Do Hai-Canh Vu Bastien Bornand universitéde Lorraine CNRSCRANF-54000 NancyFrance universitéde Technologie de Compiègne(UTC) CS 60319CEDEX60203 CompiègneFrance Energy designer and IT EODevIssy-Les-Moulineaux92130Paris RegionFrance

Proton-exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are critical components of zero-emission electro-hydrogen generators. Accurate performance prediction is vital to the optimal operation management and preventive maintenance of these generators. Polarization curve remains one of the most important features representing the performance of PEMFCs in terms of efficiency and durability. However, predicting the polarization curve is not trivial as PEMFCs involve complex electrochemical reactions that feature multiple nonlinear relationships between the operating variables as inputs and the voltage as outputs. Herein, we present an artificial-intelligence-based approach for predicting the PEMFCs’ performance. In that way, we propose first an explainable solution for selecting the relevant features based on kernel principal component analysis and mutual information. Then, we develop a machine learning approach based on XGBRegressor and Bayesian optimization to explore the complex features and predict the PEMFCs’ performance. The performance and the robustness of the proposed machine learning based prediction approach is tested and validated through a real industrial dataset including 10 PEMFCs. Furthermore, several comparison studies with XGBRegressor and the two popular machine learning-based methods in predicting PEMFC performance, such as artificial neural network (ANN) and support vector machine regressor (SVR) are also conducted. The obtained results show that the proposed approach is more robust and outperforms the two conventional methods and the XGBRegressor for all the considered PEMFCs. Indeed, according to the coefficient of determination criterion, the proposed model gains an improvement of 6.35%, 6.8%, and 4.8% compared with ANN, SVR, and XGBRegressor respectively.

关键词： Proton-exchange membrane fuel cell Hydrogen Machine learning XGBRegressor Tree-structured Parzen estimator Polarization curve Performance predicti on