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Monolithic metal-based/porous carbon nanocomposites made from dissolved cellulose for use in electrochemical capacitor

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Green Carbon 2024年第1期2卷 109-117页

作者： Madhav P.Chavhan Arjeta Kryeziu Somenath Ganguly Julien Parmentier university of Ostrava Faculty of Science30.dubna 22Ostrava 70103Czech Republic universitéde Strasbourg Universitéde Haute-AlsaceInstitut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse(IS2M)UMR 7361 CNRS-UHA15 rue Jean StarckyBP 248868057 Mulhouse CedexFrance Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur Department of Chemical EngineeringKharagpurIndia

Porous metal-based carbon nanocomposites,with a monolithic shape,were prepared by a one-pot synthesis from dissolved cellulose and metallic salts using a simple,cheap,and environmentally friendly route.Their potential performances as electrochemical capacitors were tested with three metal precursors(M=Cu,Mn,and Fe)with two loadings and in an asymmetric cell for the Fe-based carbon material.Interestingly,here soluble metal precursors were not deposited on a hard cellulose template but mixed in a precooled concentrated NaOH solution where cellulose was previously dissolved,allowing for a good dispersion of the metallic species.After a freezing step where concomitant cellulose regeneration and pore ice-templating phenomena took place,followed by a carbonization step,the mixture led to a porous carbon monolith embedding well-dispersed metal-based nanoparticles having a diameter below 20 nm and present as metallic,oxide,or carbide phase(s)according to the element M.These materials were characterized by different physicochemical techniques and electrochemical tests.Their performances as supercapacitors are discussed in light of the specific behaviour of the metal-based phase and its influence on the carbon matrix properties such as mesopore formation and carbon graphitization.An asymmetric energy storage cell assembled with a Fe-based carbon electrode against a carbon xerogel electrode derived from a phenolic resin shows specific energy and power of 18.3 Wh kg^(−1)at 5 mA cm^(−2)and 1.6 kW kg^(−1)at 25 mA cm^(−2),respectively.

关键词： Cellulose Metal-based carbon nanocomposite Nanoparticles Monolith Supercapacitor

Comparison of Ashes Produced in a Biomass Moving Grate Boiler by Wood Chips and Sewage Sludge

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Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2022年第5期18卷 1419-1425页

作者： Baraket Nada Brandelet Benoit TrouvéGwenaëlle Rogaume Yann universitéde Lorraine-LERMAB-ERBE Epinal88000France LGRE Institut de Recherche Jean-Baptiste Donnet Universitéde Haute-AlsaceMulhouse6809France AdeME Angers49004France

One option to fight global warming is to convert our use of fossil energy into renewables such as biomass energy.However,the forest preservation and the quality of the ambient air are also two major issues.Therefore,the use of biomass waste without any supplementary emissions could represent a part of the solution.In this study,two fuels were considered for a 200 kW moving grate boiler.A multicyclone and a bag filter were fitted on the boiler.The first fuel consisted of classical wood chips whereas the second was a mixture of wood chips with sewage sludge.This second fuel presented a high ashes mass ratio compared to wood chips.The aim was to verify the possibility to burn this kind of fuel without any modification of the installation.The first relevant result is that the conventional pollutants,i.e.,CO and NOx,remained under the emissions limits even with the sewage sludge combustion.The Total Suspended Particles emissions at the exhaust were always under 5.4 mg·Nm-3 dry based corrected at 6%of O_(2),which is low with respect to the standard limitation.The majority of the ashes remained on the combustion room.However,with both fuels,about 5%of ashes mass remained in the heat exchanger.Nevertheless,the heat exchanger was more clogged with the second fuel,which produced five time more ashes.This may lead to a yield loss.Thus,sewage sludge can be used in a wood boiler without any issue if an automatic exchanger sweep is fitted on the installation.

关键词： Combustion energy biomass ashes TSP

A comparative study of the sorption of O-PAHs and PAHs onto soils to understand their transport in soils and groundwater

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第2期124卷 61-75页

作者： W.Almouallem J.Michel S.Dorge C.Joyeux G.Trouve D.Le Nouen French National Institute for Industrial and Environment and Risks Direction Sites&TerritoiresVerneuil en HalatteF-60550France university of haute-alsace Laboratoire Gestion des Risques et Environnement(LGRE)UR2334MulhouseFrance university of Strasbourg 67000 StrasbourgFrance university of haute-alsace Laboratoire d’Innovation Moléculaire et Applications(LIMA)UMR 7042 CNRSMulhouseFrance

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)and their oxygenated derivates(O-PAHs)are identified in soils and groundwater of industrialized sites and contribute to the risk for Humans and the Environment.Nevertheless,data are scarce in literature concerning their retention and transfer in soils and no soil-water partition coefficients are available for these compounds.Sorption of two PAHs,fluorene and acenaphthene and two O-PAHs,9H-fluorenone and dibenzofuran onto two soils with different organic carbon contents was evaluated and compared by determining their sorption isotherms.Effect of ionic strength and liquid to solid ratio,on fluorene and fluorenone sorption was also evaluated.Sorption equilibrium is achieved within less than 24 hr of mixing and linear sorption models best fit the isotherm data.Acenaphthene and dibenzofuran are similarly sorbed onto the soil.KD of fluorene is higher than the one of fluorenone,showing a smaller affinity of fluorenone towards the solid phase.This means that O-PAH could form larger contamination plumes in groundwater than PAHs.decreasing the L/S ratio from 100 to 50 and 30,increases the sorption of fluorenone onto the soil by 56% and 67%respectively,while the sorption of fluorene is slightly increased.Increasing the ionic strength of the aqueous phase also modifies the sorption of fluorenone,contrary to the sorption of fluorene which is slightly affected.

关键词： PAHs O-PAHs Contaminated soils Groundwater Sorption Kinetics Isotherms

Experimental performance analysis of an installed microgrid-based PV/battery/EV grid-connected system

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Clean Energy 2022年第4期6卷 599-618页

作者： Aziz Haffaf Fatiha Lakdja Djaffar Ould Abdeslam Electro-Technical department Electro-Technical Engineering LaboratoryFaculty of TechnologyTahar Moulay UniversitySaida20000Algeria IRIMAS Laboratory Haute Alsace UniversityMulhouse68093France

Global energy demand,which is largely based on fossil fuels,is expected to increase rapidly.An effort must be made to mitigate carbon emissions and climate change to ensure sustainable and clean development.In recent years,the increasing share of renewable energy and energy-storage systems,the development of electric vehicles(EVs),promotion of energy efficiency and demand-side management(DSM)have become today’s solution technologies.The microgrid(MG),which involves the interconnection of several generation and storage units capable of operating locally with or without connection to the power grid,is also a very useful emerging technology.This study allowed the experimental operation and performance analysis of a grid-connected photovoltaic(PV)/battery/EV MG hybrid system,which was used for maximizing PV self-consumption and DSM objectives.The entire MG consisting of two subsystems(polycrystalline PV array of 2.16 kWp for Subsystem 1,monocrystalline PV system of 2.4 kWp for Subsystem 2,EV with lithium-ion battery capacity of 6.1 kWh)was installed under outdoor conditions at the university Institute of Technology in Mulhouse,France in August 2018.The operation and behaviour of the system components,including the inverter,batteries and power grid,were analysed in both scenarios with and without EV connection.The results shows that the total cumulative energy injected into the grid during the entire system operating cycle is estimated to be 3466.82 and 5836.58 kWh for Subsystems 1 and 2,respectively.In addition,the energy produced by Subsystem 2 during its lifetime and the emissions emitted are respectively estimated at 5597.65 kWh and 4.17 tons.The other results in terms of PV output power,energy yield,feed-in power and self-consumed energy were quantified and analysed in detail.

关键词： microgrid photovoltaic electric vehicle(EV) self-consumption demand-side management(DSM) energy management

New Online DV-Hop Algorithm via Mobile Anchor for Wireless Sensor Network Localization

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2023年第5期28卷 940-951页

作者： Oumaima Liouane Smain Femmam Toufik Bakir Abdessalem Ben Abdelali EμE Laboratory University of MonastirMonastir 5000Tunisia department of Networks and Communications University of Haute-AlsaceMulhouse 68100France ImViA Laboratory University of Burgundy Franche-ComtéDijon 21078France

In many applications of Wireless Sensor Networks(WSNs),event detection is the main purpose of users.Moreover,determining where and when that event occurs is crucial;thus,the positions of nodes must be identified.Subsequently,in a range-free case,the Distance Vector-Hop(DV-Hop)heuristic is the commonly used localization algorithm because of its simplicity and low cost.The DV-Hop algorithm consists of a set of reference nodes,namely,anchors,to periodically broadcast their current positions and assist nearby unknown nodes during localization.Another potential solution includes the use of only one mobile anchor instead of these sets of anchors.This solution presents a new challenge in the localization of rang-free WSNs because of its favorable results and reduced cost.In this paper,we propose an analytical probabilistic model for multi-hop distance estimation between mobile anchor nodes and unknown nodes.We derive a non-linear analytic function that provides the relation between the hop counts and distance estimation.Moreover,based on the recursive least square algorithm,we present a new formulation of the original DV-Hop localization algorithm,namely,online DV-Hop localization,in WSNs.Finally,different scenarios of path planning and simulation results are conducted.

关键词： Wireless Sensor Networks(WSNs) mobile anchor online localization path planning

3D printing of optical materials by processes based on photopolymerization:materials,technologies,and recent advances

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Photonics Research 2022年第6期10卷 1344-1360页

作者： EMMA GEISLER MAXIME LECOMPèRE OLIVIER SOPPERA universitéde haute-alsace CNRSIS2M UMR 7361F-68100 MulhouseFrance universitéde Strasbourg F-67000 StrasbourgFrance Essilor International 94000 CréteilFrance

3D printing technologies have expanded beyond the research laboratories where they were used solely for prototyping and have become widely used in several industries.The production of custom 3D objects has significant potential in optical applications.However,this necessitates extremely specific material properties,such as transparency,homogeneity,birefringence,and surface finish.Currently,the majority of optical objects are manufactured using plastics.Moreover,the 3D printing processes using polymers to produce optical objects have significant advantages,such as limited wastage,short manufacturing time,and easy customization.However,despite extensive efforts,no technology has achieved the production of objects perfectly suited for optical applications.The objective of this review is to summarize recent advances in the field of 3D printing for optics,with an emphasis on specific developments for dedicated applications,and to explore new candidate processes.

关键词： printing expanded transparency

Effects of Conjugated Systems on UV-Visible Light-sensitive D-π-A Type Sulfonium Salt Photoacid Generators

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2016年第12期34卷 1456-1468页

作者： Xing-yu Wu 金明 Jian-chao Xie de-cheng Wan Jean Pierre Malval School of Materials Science and Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 201804China Institut de Science des Mattériaux de Mulhouse UMR CNRS 7361Universitéde Haute-Alsace15 rue Jean Starcky68057 MulhouseFrance

A series of D-π-A type sulfonium salt photoacid generators with different π-conjugated structures, such as triphenyl, phenylstilbene, styryl-biphenyl, and stilbene, were designed to determine the effect of molecular structures on the photochemical and photophysical properties. The mechanisms of photochemical generation of H＋ were studied by UV-Vis spectroscopy, theoretical calculations, and fluorescence spectroscopy. It is found that the frontier orbits determine the absorption, the molar extinction coefficients, and the quantum yields of photoacid generation. Triphenyl systems connected with sulfonium are beneficial to increase the quantum yields of acid generation. The photoreactivity of four sulfonium salts was further evaluated through the polymerizations of various epoxide monomers at different irradiation wavelengths （365- 425 nm） by using the real-time infrared spectroscopy with light-emitting diodes. The high quantum yields for acid generation （ФH＋ = -0.32 to 0.58） and the high molar extinction coefficients （ε = -23500 L.mol-1.cm-1 to 31000 L.mol-1.cm-1） of the sulfonium salts lead to high conversion rates （over 50%-80%）. Hence, these photoinitiators exhibit potential for the photocuring applications.

关键词： Sulfonium salt Photoacid generators π-conjugated structures.

depleted uranium oxide supported nickel catalyst for autothermal CO_(2)methanation in non-adiabatic reactor under induction heating

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2023年第10期85卷 310-323,I0010页

作者： Lai Truong-Phuoc Jean-Mario Nhut Loïc Vidal Cuong Duong-Viet Sécou Sall Corinne Petit Christophe Sutter Mehdi Arab Alex Jourdan Cuong Pham-Huu Institute of Chemistry and Processes for Energy Environment and Health(ICPEES)ECPMUMR 7515 CNRS-University of Strasbourg25 rue Becquerel67087 Strasbourg Cedex 02France BlackLeaf SAS 210 rue Geiler de Kaysersberg67400 IllkirchFrance Institute of Materials Science of Mulhouse IS2MUMR 7361Universitéde Haute-AlsaceCNRS15rue Jean Starcky-BP 248868057 MulhouseFrance ORANO Tricastin Direction de La Recherche&DéveloppementSite du TRICASTIN BP 1626701 Pierrelatte CedexFrance

Undoped nickel-based catalysts supported on depleted uranium oxide allow one to carry out CO_(2)methanation process under extremely low reaction temperature under atmospheric pressure and powered by a contactless induction heating.By adjusting the reaction conditions,the catalyst is able to perform CO_(2)methanation reaction under autothermal process operated inside a non-adiabatic reactor,without any external energy supply.Such autothermal process is possible thanks to the high apparent density of the UO_x which allows one to confine the reaction heat in a small catalyst volume in order to confine the exothermicity of the reaction inside the catalyst and to operate the reaction at equilibrium heat in-heat out.Such autothermal operation mode allows one to significantly reduce the complexity of the process compared to that operated using adiabatic reactor,where complete insulation is required to prevent heat disequilibrium,in order to reduce as much as possible,the heat exchange with the external medium.The catalyst displays an extremely high stability as a function of time on stream as no apparent deactivation.It is expected that such new catalyst with unprecedented catalytic performance could open new era in the field of heterogeneous catalysis where traditional supports show their limitations to operate catalytic processes under severe reaction conditions.

关键词： CO_(2)methanation Auto-methanation Induction heating depleted uranium oxide Electrification process Operando DRIFTS

On Non-Abelian Extensions of 3-Lie Algebras

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2018年第4期69卷 347-356页

作者：宋丽娜 Abdenacer Makhlouf 唐荣 department of Mathematics Jilin University Changchun 130012 China university of haute alsace Laboratoire de Mathematiques Informatique et Applications Mulhouse France

In this paper, we study non-abelian extensions of 3-Lie algebras through Maurer-Cartan elements. We show that there is a one-to-one correspondence between isomorphism classes of non-abelian extensions of 3-Lie algebras and equivalence classes of Maurer-Cartan elements in a DGLA. The structure of the Leibniz algebra on the space of fundamental objects is also analyzed.

关键词：代数学谎言延期元素等价