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Optimization of a hydrogen-based hybrid propulsion system under aircraft performance constraints

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2023年第5期36卷 41-56页

作者： Vincenzo PALLADINO Nathalie BARTOLI Valérie POMMIER-BUDINGER Emmanuel BENARD Peter SCHMOLLGRUBER Arnaud JORDAN ATR Aircraft Blagnac 31712France ONERA/DTIS-universitéde toulouse Toulouse 31055France ISAE-SUPAERO Toulouse 31055France

This paper addresses the topic of the conceptual design of a regional aircraft with hybrid electric propulsion based on hydrogen fuel *** aims at providing an optimization-based method to design a hybrid propulsive system comprising two power sources(jet fuel and hydrogen)for the generation of the required propulsive power and at studying the impact of fuel cell technologies on the aircraft ***,by performing optimizations for two hybrid propulsive systems using either low temperature or high temperature proton-exchange membrane fuel cells,this study provides a preliminary assessment of the impact of the fuel cell operating temperature on the system design and the overall aircraft ***,this paper gives a description of the baseline turboprop regional aircraft with a focus on its high speed and low speed flight performances which will serve as requirements for the design of the hybrid ***,the hybrid electric architecture and the sizing models of the propulsion system are ***,optimizations are performed to design two parallel hybrid propulsive systems based on different fuel cells technologies and aimed at minimizing the block fuel per passenger over a mission of 200 n *** show how the proposed methodology and models lead to design two propulsive systems capable of reducing the fuel consumption per passenger by more than 30%compared to the baseline *** study also shows that the choice of fuel cell operating temperature has a first-order impact on the total mass.

关键词： Aircraft design Hybrid aircraft Hydrogen aircraft Propulsion Regional aircraft

Self-organization and tunable characteristic lengths of twodimensional hexagonal superlattices of nanowires directly grown on substrates

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Nano Research 2023年第1期16卷 1606-1613页

作者： D.Yi L.Peres A.Pierrot S.Cayez R.Cours B.Warot-Fonrose C.Marcelot P.Roblin K.Soulantica T.Blon universitéde toulouse Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie des Nano-ObjetsUMR 5215 INSACNRSUPS135 Avenue de RangueilF-31077 Toulousecedex 4France CEMES Universitéde ToulouseCNRS29 Rue Jeanne MarvigBP 94347F-31055 ToulouseFrance Laboratoire de Génie Chimique Universitéde ToulouseCNRSINPUPS ToulouseFrance

The organization of nano-objects on macroscopic surfaces is a key challenge for the technological improvement and implementation of *** achieving operational functions,it is required to assemble nano-objects as controllable building blocks in highly ordered ***,we demonstrate the growth and self-organization of metallic nanowires on surfaces into hexagonal superlattices with tunable characteristic lengths depending of the stabilizing surfactants *** from a reacting mixture containing a Pt(111)substrate,a Co organometallic precursor,an amine,and an acid dissolved in a solvent,we quantify the structural evolution of superlattices of vertical single-crystalline Co nanowires on Pt,using a combined analysis of small angle neutron scattering,transmission,and scanning electron *** show the concerted steps of a spontaneous growth and self-organization of the nanowires into two-dimensional(2D)hexagonal lattice on Pt,at intervals starting from a few hours of reaction to a highly ordered superlattice at longer ***,it is shown that apart from long-chain acid and long-chain aliphatic amine pairs used as stabilizers,the combination of a long-chain aliphatic and a short-chain aromatic ligand in the synthesis can also be employed for the nanowire superlattices ***,the possibility to employ different pairs allows quantitative modulation of the nanowire arrays,such as the interwire distance and the packing fraction.

关键词： metallic nanowire array self-assembly self-organized growth Co nanowire anisotropic growth solution epitaxial growth

Mortalin/Hspa9 involvement and therapeutic perspective in Parkinson's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第2期18卷 293-298页

作者： Baptiste Texier Morgane Prime Djamaa Atamena Pascale Belenguer Marion Szelechowski toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases(INFINITY) UniversitéToulouseCNRSInsermUPSToulouseFrance Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition Animale(CRCA) Centre de Biologie Intégrative(CBI)Universitéde ToulouseCNRSUPSToulouseFrance

By controlling the proper folding of proteins imported into mitochondria and ensuring crosstalk between the reticulum and mitochondria to modulate intra cellular calcium *** is a chaperone protein that plays crucial roles in neuronal homeostasis and *** r,its expression and stability are strongly modified in response to cellular stresses,in particular upon alte red oxidative conditions during ***,we report and discuss the abundant literature that has highlighted its contribution to the pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease,as well as its therapeutic and prognostic potential in this still incurable pathology.

关键词： chaperone Hspa9 mitochondria Mortalin neurodegeneration oxidative stress Parkinson's disease prognostic and therapeutic potential

High-sensitivity integrated SiN rib-waveguide long period grating refractometer

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Photonics Research 2022年第2期10卷 564-573页

作者： Clement Deleau Han Cheng Seat Olivier Bernal Frederic Surre LAAS-CNRS Université de ToulouseCNRSINPToulouseFrance James Watt School of Engineering University of GlasgowGlasgowUK

In this research, we demonstrate a high-sensitivity integrated silicon nitride long period grating(LPG) refractometer based on a rib waveguide with sinusoidally modulated width. While integrated LPG architectures typically achieve ultrahigh sensitivity only over a narrow optical bandwidth using a phase-matching turning-point optimization technique, our sensor exhibits a very high refractometric sensitivity that was designed to remain constant over a broad operational optical spectral bandwidth. The proposed design method relies on multi-modal dispersion tailoring that consists of homogenizing the spectral behaviors of both group and effective indices of the coupling modes. Experimental results are in agreement with numerical simulations, demonstrating not only a sensitivity reaching 11,500 nm/RIU but, more significantly, also that this sensitivity remains almost constant over a broad spectral range of at least 100 nm around 1550 nm. Additional advantages of the proposed sensor architecture encompass a low temperature sensitivity, down to -0.15 nm/K, and simplicity of the fabrication *** results demonstrate the feasibility of chip-scale photonic integration to achieve both high sensitivity and large dynamic range of the proposed refractometer.

关键词： waveguide simplicity turning

Nile tilapia(Oreochromis niloticus) invasion impacts trophic position and resource use of commercially harvested piscivorous fishes in a large subtropical river

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Ecological Processes 2023年第2期12卷 98-114页

作者： Fangmin Shuai Jie Li Sovan Lek Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute CAFS université de toulouse-Paul Sabatier

Background Although freshwater ecosystems cover less than 1% of the earth's surface, they support extremely high levels of biodiversity and provide vital ecosystem services. However, due to the introduction of non-native fishes, aquatic ecosystem functioning has been altered, and in some cases, declined sharply. Quantifying the impacts of invasive species has proven problematic. In this study, we examined the relative trophic position of native piscivorous fishes to estimate the effects of invasive Nile tilapia on food webs in the downstream sections of an invaded large subtropical river, the Pearl River, China. Furthermore, we quantified how native piscivorous fish diets changed as the Nile tilapia invasion *** The trophic position of the widely distributed and locally important economically harvested piscivorous culter fish(Culter recurviceps), mandarinfish(Siniperca kneri), and catfish(Pelteobagrus fulvidraco) lowered significantly in the invaded Dongjiang River compared to an uninvaded reference Beijiang River. The lower trophic position of these piscivorous fishes was reflected by a major reduction in the proportion of prey fish biomass in their diets following the Nile tilapia invasion. Small fishes in the diet of culter fish from the reference river(33% small fishes, 17% zooplankton) shifted to lower trophic level zooplankton prey in the invaded river(36% zooplankton, 25% small fish), possibly due to the presence of Nile tilapia. Additionally, small fishes in the diet of mandarinfish in the reference river(46% small fishes, 11% aquatic insects) declined in the invaded river(20% aquatic insects, 30% small fishes). Similarly, the diet of catfish from the reference river shifted from fish eggs(25% fish eggs, 25% aquatic insects) to aquatic insects in the invaded river(44% aquatic insects, 5% fish eggs).Conclusions The results of this study contributed to a growing body of evidence, suggesting that Nile tilapia can modify trophic interactions in in

关键词： Nile tilapia Invasion Stable isotope ratio Trophic position Stable isotope mixing model

21世纪全球新建水库编目:丰度、热点区及总蓄水量

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Science Bulletin 2024年第14期69卷 2179-2182页

作者：范晨雨宋春桥 Jida Wang Yongwei Sheng 蔺亚玲苑春雨 Md Safat Sikder Jean-Francois Crétaux 刘凯陈探曾繁轩柯灵红 Key Laboratory of Watershed Geographic Sciences Nanjing Institute of Geography and LimnologyChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China university of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China university of Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing(UCASNJ)Nanjing 211135China Department of Geography and Geographic Information Science University of Illinois Urbana-ChampaignUrbana IL 61801USA Department of Geography and Geospatial Sciences Kansas State UniversityManhattan KS 66506USA Department of Geography University of CaliforniaLos Angeles CA 90095USA Laboratoire d’Études en Géophysique et Océanographie Spatiales(LEGOS) CNES-IRD-CNRS-UT3Universitéde ToulouseToulouse 31401France College of Hydrology and Water Resources Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China

Dams and reservoirs play an essential role in regulating and managing water *** the middle of the 20th century,the growing demand for water and hydropower has led to an unprecedented boom in reservoir construction worldwide[1,2].Meanwhile,reservoir construction has also resulted in a variety of ecological and socioeconomic impacts[3–5].Reservoirs transform natural flow regimes into conditions favored by human *** associated flow regulations,especially in reservoirs constructed in recent decades(e.g.,after 2000)with greater seasonal variability[6,7],represent a strong human-induced alteration of the hydrologic *** reservoir construction continues to boom in many parts of the world,an up-to-date and openaccess inventory of reservoirs worldwide remains critically desired.

关键词： reservoir reservoirs alteration

Multiscale modeling of ultrafast melting phenomena

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npj Computational Materials 2022年第1期8卷 324-333页

作者： Gaetano Calogero Domenica Raciti Pablo Acosta-Alba Fuccio Cristiano Ioannis Deretzis Giuseppe Fisicaro Karim Huet Sébastien Kerdilès Alberto Sciuto Antonino La Magna CNR IMM CataniaItaly universitéGrenoble Alpes CEA-LETIGrenobleFrance LAAS CNRSUniversitéde ToulouseToulouseFrance Laser Systems&Solutions of Europe(LASSE) GennevilliersFrance Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia Universitàdi CataniaCataniaItaly

Ultraviolet Nanosecond Laser Annealing(LA)is a powerful tool for both fundamental investigations of ultrafast,nonequilibrium phase-change phenomena and technological applications(e.g.,the processing of 3D sequentially integrated nano-electronic devices)where strongly confined heating and melting is *** the LA process along with the experimental design is challenging,especially when involving complex 3D-nanostructured systems with various shapes and *** this purpose,it is essential to model critical nanoscale physical LA-induced phenomena,such as shape changes or formation and evolution of point and extended *** date,LA simulators are based on continuum models,which cannot fully capture the microscopic kinetics of a solid–liquid *** this work a fully atomistic LA simulation methodology is presented,based on the parallel coupling of a continuum,finite elements,μm-scale electromagnetic-thermal solver with a super-lattice Kinetic Monte Carlo atomistic model for *** against phase-field models and experimental data validate the *** of a Si(001)surface is studied varying laser fluence and pulse shape,assuming both homogeneous and inhomogeneous nucleation,revealing how liquid Si nuclei generate,deform and coalesce during *** proposed methodology is applicable to any system where the atom kinetics is determined by a strongly space-and time-dependent field,such as temperature or strain.

关键词： kinetics shape melting

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溶血磷脂酸对意大利蜜蜂进食的影响

昆虫学报 2024年第3期67卷 358-365页

作者：朱佳琦杜开书杨萌张曌楠河南科技学院资源与环境学院新乡453003 university of toulouse Toulouse 31062France 北京大学生命科学学院北京100871 北京大学-清华大学生命科学联合中心北京100871

【目的】探究肠道细菌代谢产物溶血磷脂酸(lysophosphatidic acid,LPA)对蜜蜂摄食行为的影响。【方法】对照组饲喂普通的蔗糖溶液,处理组饲喂含有LPA的蔗糖溶液,构建补充LPA的意大利蜜蜂Apis mellifera ligustica模型,利用群体水平取食... 详细信息

【目的】探究肠道细菌代谢产物溶血磷脂酸(lysophosphatidic acid,LPA)对蜜蜂摄食行为的影响。【方法】对照组饲喂普通的蔗糖溶液,处理组饲喂含有LPA的蔗糖溶液,构建补充LPA的意大利蜜蜂Apis mellifera ligustica模型,利用群体水平取食测定法和个体水平取食测定法计算意大利蜜蜂6日龄成蜂的取食量,利用食物敏感度测定方法检测LPA对意大利蜜蜂成蜂食物敏感度的影响,最后对意大利蜜蜂成蜂的头、胸、腹和整个个体分别进行重量测定。【结果】LPA会减少意大利蜜蜂成蜂在群体水平上的取食量,对照组和处理组的群体水平每日平均取食量分别为4.23和2.38 mL。LPA不会影响意大利蜜蜂成蜂在群体水平上对食物的敏感度,也不会影响意大利蜜蜂成蜂在个体水平上对不适口食物的消耗量。分析不同饥饿水平意大利蜜蜂成蜂个体水平食物消耗量发现,LPA会使意大利蜜蜂成蜂个体水平上的饥饿感钝化,即使是饥饿状态下,处理组成蜂的取食量未能达到对照组的正常水平。对比意大利蜜蜂成蜂头、胸、腹和整个个体的重量发现,LPA降低成蜂的食物摄入导致头、胸、腹和整个个体重量显著下降。【结论】蜜蜂肠道细菌的代谢产物LPA会抑制宿主意大利蜜蜂成蜂的食物摄入,进而引起体重下降。

关键词：意大利蜜蜂溶血磷脂酸摄食行为细菌取食量

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Adaptation in brain structure and respiratory and olfactory structures across environmental gradients in African and North American muroid rodents

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Integrative Zoology 2024年第1期19卷 165-181页

作者： Peter J.TAYLOR Aluwani NENGOVHELA Christiane DENYS Graham R.SCOTT Catherine M.IVY Department of Zoology School of Natural and Mathematical SciencesUniversity of VendaThohoyandouSouth Africa Afromontane Unit Department of Zoology and EntomologyUniversity of the Free StatePhuthaditjhabaSouth Africa Department of Mammalogy National MuseumBloemfonteinSouth Africa Institut de Systématique EvolutionBiodiversité(ISYEB)Muséum National d’Histoire NaturelleCNRSSorbonne UniversitéEPHEUniversitéDes AntillesParisFrance Department of Biology McMaster UniversityHamiltonOntarioCanada Guglielmo and Shoemaker Labs Advanced Facility for Avian ResearchUniversity of Western OntarioLondonOntarioCanada

Morphometric studies of 3D micro CT-scanned images can provide insights into the evolution of the brain and sensory structures but such data are still scarce for the most diverse mammalian order of *** reviewed and new data,we tested for convergence to extreme aridity and high elevation in the sensory and brain morphology of rodents,from morphometric data from micro-CT X-ray scans of 174 crania of 16 species of three distantly re-lated African murid(soft-furred mice,Praomyini,laminate-toothed rats,Otomyini,and gerbils,Gerbillinae)clades and one North American cricetid(deer mice and white-footed mice,Peromyscus)*** studies demon-strated convergent evolution acting on the oval window area of the cochlea(enlarged in extremely arid-adapted species of Otomyini and Gerbillinae)and on endocranial volume(reduced in high elevation taxa of Otomyini and Peromyscus).However,contrary to our predictions,we did notfind evidence of convergence in brain struc-ture to aridity,or in the olfactory/respiratory system(turbinate bones)to high *** structure differed,particularly in the petrosal lobules of the cerebellum and the olfactory bulbs,between Otomyini and Gerbillinae,with extreme arid-adapted species in each clade being highly divergent(not convergent)from other species in the same *** observed greater“packing”of the maxillary turbinate bones,which have important respiratory functions,in Peromyscus mice from high and low elevations compared to the high-elevation African Praomyini,but more complex patterns within Peromyscus,probably related to trade-offs in respiratory physiology and heat exchange in the nasal epithelium associated with high-elevation adaptation.

关键词： 3D morphometrics Africa brain size North America Rodentia sensory evolution