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基于汞同位素的全球汞循环模型

基于汞同位素的全球汞循环模型

A SeM-based method to determine the mineralogical composition and the particle size distribution of suspended sediment

中国矿物岩石地球化学学会第九次全国会员代表大会暨第16届学术年会

作者：孙若愚 Sonke J.e. 天津大学表层地球系统科学研究院 CNRS/IRD/université paul sabatier Toulouse 3 Laboratoire Géosciences Environnement Toulouse

汞在自然界有7个稳定同位素:Hg(0.16%)、Hg(10.0)、Hg(16.9%)、Hg(23.1%)、Hg(13.2%)、Hg(29.7%)和Hg(6.82%),不但具有常见的质量分馏,而且还有奇数同位素的非质量分馏。此外,近期越来越多的研究表明大气过程还可能产生非常明显的偶数... 详细信息

汞在自然界有7个稳定同位素:Hg(0.16%)、Hg(10.0)、Hg(16.9%)、Hg(23.1%)、Hg(13.2%)、Hg(29.7%)和Hg(6.82%),不但具有常见的质量分馏,而且还有奇数同位素的非质量分馏。此外,近期越来越多的研究表明大气过程还可能产生非常明显的偶数汞同位素的非质量分馏。汞同位素的多种分馏模式,极大拓展了汞同位素在环境化学、地球化学、地质学等领域的应用。当今的汞循环涉及多源复合式排放以及

关键词：汞污染循环模型非质量分馏汞同位素

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2019年第2期34卷 85-94页

作者： Sylvain Pinet Bruno Lartiges Jean-Michel Martinez Sylvain Ouillonc university of Toulouse (paul sabatier) Geosciences Environment ToulouseCNRS(Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique)IRD(Institut de Recherche pour le Développement) Instituto de Geosciencias Universidade de BrasiliaCampus Universitario Darcy RibeiroICC Centro university of Toulouse LEGOS(Laboratoire d'Etudes en Géophysique et Océanographie Spatiales)

A robust method for characterizing the mineralogy of suspended sediment in continental rivers is *** encompasses 3 steps:the filtration of a few milliliters of water,measurements of X-ray energy dispersive spectra using Scanning electron Microscopy(SeM),and robust machine learning tools of *** method is applied to suspended particles collected from various Amazonian rivers.A total of more than 204,000 particles were analyzed by SeM-eDXS(energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy),*** 15,700 particles per sampling station,which lead to the identification of 15 distinct groups of mineralogical *** size distribution of particles collected on the filters was derived from the SeM micrographs taken in the backscattered electron imaging mode and analyzed with ImageJ *** determination of the main mineralogical groups composing the bulk sediment associated with physical parameters such as particle size distribution or aspect ratio allows a precise characterization of the load of the terrigenous particles in rivers or *** the case of the Amazonian rivers investigated,the results show that the identified mineralogies are consistent with previous studies as well as between the different samples *** method enabled the evolution of grain size distribution from fine to coarse material to be described in the water *** about hydrodynamic sorting of mineral particles in the water column are also briefly *** proposed method appears well suited for intensive routine monitoring of suspended sediment in river systems.

关键词： Mineralogy Scanning electron Microscopy Suspended sediment Machine learning Particle size distribution

Ta-Ni和Nb-Ni的熔盐电化学表面合金化及合金性质的研究

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金属学报 1987年第2期 198-205页

作者：乔芝郁 Pieere Taxil 北京钢铁学院法国paul sabatier大学

在850—1050℃含有Ta或Nb离子的氟化物熔盐中,用电化学表面合金化的方法制备了Ta-Ni和Nb-Ni二元合金,分析表明合金层的成分是均匀的TaNi3和NbNi3化合物.利用恒电流间隙滴定技术（Galvanostatic Intermittent Titration Technique）证实... 详细信息

在850—1050℃含有Ta或Nb离子的氟化物熔盐中,用电化学表面合金化的方法制备了Ta-Ni和Nb-Ni二元合金,分析表明合金层的成分是均匀的TaNi3和NbNi3化合物.利用恒电流间隙滴定技术（Galvanostatic Intermittent Titration Technique）证实了Ta-Ni二元系存在Ta2Ni,TaNi,TaNi2和TaNi3四种化合物,测定了其生成电位和自由能;Nb-Ni二元系仅生成、NbNi和NbNi3二种化合物.在熔盐电化学表面合金化的过程中,表面合金层的厚度与时间呈抛物线关系.测定了Ta-Ni和Nb-Ni合金中Ta和Nb的扩散系数,并建立了扩散系数随温度变化的Arrhenius方程

关键词：表面合金化 Ta-Ni 合金层表面层熔盐电化学

The small-island effect in amphibian assemblages on subtropical land-bridge islands of an inundated lake

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Current Zoology 2018年第3期64卷 303-309页

作者： Yanping WANG Xi WANG Qiang Wu Cangsong CHeN Aichun Xu Ping DING College of Life Sciences Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 China Station d'ecologie Theorique et experimentale du CNRS UMR5321 Moulis 09200 France universite de Toulouse III paul sabatier Bat 4R1 31062 Toulouse Cedex 9 France Zhejiang Museum of Natural History Hangzhou 310014 China College of Life Sciences China Jiliang University Hangzhou 301118 China

The small-island effect (SIe) has become more and more part of the theoretical framework of island biogeography and biodiversity research. However, previous methods for the detection of SIes are often flawed in one way or another, including not accounting for model complexity, not comparing all relevant models, and not including islands with no species. Therefore, the existence and the prevalence of the SIe may be dubious. In this study, after controlling for all these methodological shortcomings, we tested for the existence of the SIe in amphibian assemblages on subtropical land-bridge islands created by the inundation of the Thousand Island Lake, China. We used the line transect method to determine the distribution of amphibian assemblages on 23 study islands during 3 breeding seasons from 2009 to 2011. To evaluate whether an SIe exists in amphibian assemblages, we compared the fit of a simple linearized power model with two most widely used breakpoint regression models. The information-theoretic multimodel inference approach based on Akaike's information criterion identified the left-horizontal SIe model as the best single model. Thus, we found strong evidence for the existence of an SIe in our system. The upper limit of the SIe for amphibian assemblages was 39.95 ha. Below this threshold area, amphibian richness varied independently of island size. The SIe in amphibian assemblages may be due to episodic disturbances, stochastic events, and nutrient subsidies from the lake. Our results indicate that all the islands >39.95 ha should be protected for the effective conservation of amphibian assemblages in our system.

关键词：两栖动物副热带集合淹没相关模型陆地生物多样性生物地理学

In situ electron holography of the dynamic magnetic field emanating from a hard-disk drive writer

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Nano Research 2015年第4期8卷 1241-1249页

作者： Joshua F. einsle Christophe Gatel Aurelien Masseboeuf Robin Cours Muhammad A. Bashir Mark Gubbins Robert M. Bowman etienne Snoeck Centre for Nanostructured Media School of Mathematics and Physics Queen's University Belfast Belfast BT7 1NN UK CeMeS-CNRS 29 rueJ. Marvig 31055 Toulouse France universite de Toulouse paul sabatier 118 route de Narbonne 31062 Toulouse Cedex 9 France Seagate Technology I Disc Drive Springtown Industrial Estate Derry City Co. BT48 OBF Londonderry UK

在经由云存取数据的社会的移动设备的增长在在在服务器使用的硬盘驱动器 HDD 上要存储的信息的数量正在强加戏剧的增加。预报是密度将需要由差不多 35% 复合每年并且由 2,020 云存储能力增加的那 areal 将在相应于 2 Tb/in 的 areal 密... 详细信息

在经由云存取数据的社会的移动设备的增长在在在服务器使用的硬盘驱动器 HDD 上要存储的信息的数量正在强加戏剧的增加。预报是密度将需要由差不多 35% 复合每年并且由 2,020 云存储能力增加的那 areal 将在相应于 2 Tb/in 的 areal 密度的 7 zettabytes 附近 2 。这在 HDD 在读 / 写的头从电磁的作家的磁性的杆要求增加的性能。写的当前的 state-of-art 被潜水艇 100 nm 尺寸的词法上复杂的磁性的杆承担，在设计的磁性的盾的环境，它需要在 50 nm 附近在记录媒介上把强壮的方向性的磁场送到区域吗？？

关键词：原位透射电镜硬盘驱动器动态磁场电子全息写入器纳米尺寸存储能力移动设备

experimental Investigation of effects of electric Operating Parameters on Pulsed Corona Discharges in Humid Air at Atmospheric Pressure

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Journal of Analytical Sciences, Methods and Instrumentation 2018年第4期8卷 49-64页

作者： Hasna Guedah Alyen Abahazem Nofel Merbahi Mohamed Yousfi Karim Saber Ahmed Ihlal Laboratory Materials and Renewable energies Physics Department Ibn Zohr University Agadir Morocco CRMeF-SM Inezgane Morocco LAPLACe UMR 5213-CNRS Paul Sabatier University Toulouse France

The present work is devoted to electrical and optical study of a point-plane atmospheric pressure corona discharge reactor in humid air powered by pulsed high voltage supply. The corona current and the injected energy are analyzed as a function of several parameters such as applied voltage and humidity rate. Then, investigations based on emission spectroscopy analysis were used in UV range (from 200 nm to about 400 nm). The main observed excited species were the second positive (SPS), the first negative (FNS) systems and OH(A-X) rotational bands. The latter band was used to simulate the rotational temperature (Tr), whereas the N2+ (FNS) band was used to determine the vibrational temperature (Tv). The electron temperature (Te ) is determined from the ratio of line intensities of the spectral bands of both N2+ FNS at 391.4 nm and N2SPS at 394.4 nm. The rotational, vibrational and electronic temperatures are analyzed as a function of above parameters (applied voltage, frequency and hygrometry rate) near the anodic tip. As well we study the axial variation of electronic temperature for a fixed applied voltage at 6.4 kV, frequency at 10 kHz and 100% of humidity. It is found that the rotational, vibrational and electronic temperatures increased with increasing applied voltage, frequency and humidity rate. The increase of rate hygrometry for an inter-electrode distance fixed at 10 mm causes an increase in both the amplitude of the corona current discharge and the energy injected in corona discharge. This is indicative of more intense reactive plasma while increasing hygrometry rate.

关键词： Corona Discharge Atmospheric Pressure Optical emission Spectroscopy Pulsed High Voltage Humidity

QTL for floral stem lignin content and degradability in three recombinant inbred line (RIL) progenies of Arabidopsis thalianaand search for candidate genes involved in cell wall biosynthesis and degradability

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Open Journal of Genetics 2012年第1期2卷 7-30页

作者： H. Chavigneau N. Goué S. Delaunay A. Courtial L. Jouanin M. Reymond V. Méchin Y. Barrière INRA UMR1318 Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin 78026 Versailles France INRA Unité de Génétique et d'Amélioration des Plantes 86600 Lusignan France UMR5546 CNRS - université paul sabatier 31326 Castanet-Tolosan France

Deciphering the genetic determinants involved in cell wall assembly is a strategic issue for breeding programs that target both ruminant feeding and biofuel production. The Arabidopsis thaliana model system has great potentials to elucidate the genetic determinants involved in cell wall component biosynthesis and those involved in the regulation cascades allowing their coordinated assembly. QTL for biomass quality related traits (cell wall content, lignin content, and cell wall degradability) were mapped in the three Arabidopsis RIL progenies Bay0 × Shahdara, Bur0 × Col0, and Blh1 × Col0. Overall, 40 QTL were detected for these traits, explaining up to 33 and 12% of the observed phenotypic variation for lignin content and cell wall degradability respectively. Major QTL hotspots were mapped on chromosome 1 (position 5 Mbp), chromosome 4 (position 1 Mbp), and chromosome 5 (position 3 Mbp). A putative candidate gene set (82 genes) was considered including those previously described as involved in cell wall phenolic component biosynthesis, their regulation factors, and genes involved in lignified tissue patterning. Colocalisations observed (according to the reference sequence of Col0) between the detected QTL and these candidate genes did not prioritize any of the three gene groups (monolignol biosynthesis, transcription factors, lignified tissue patterning). Colocalizations were thus observed for 57% of monolignol biosynthesis related genes, 55% of the transcription factors considered, and 66% of genes considered to be involved in lignified tissue patterning and assembly. Colocalizations were observed for at least one member of all investigated gene families, except WRKY transcription factors. Colocalizations were also shown with several miRNA putatively involved in the regulation of lignifying tissue assembly. Taking into account the QTL shown in the Bur0 × Col0 progeny, allelic variations were shown in the MYB32, MYB58, MYB75, GRAS SCAReCROW, AtC3H14 zinc finger, SHI

关键词： Arabidopsis QTL Lignin Secondary Wall Digestibility Candidate Gene

Design of Fe(3–x)O4 raspberry decorated graphene nanocomposites with high performances in lithium-ion battery

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Journal of energy Chemistry 2016年第2期25卷 270-275页

作者： Olivier Gerber Sylvie Bégin-Colin Benoit P.Pichon elodie Barraud Sébastien Lemonnier Cuong Pham-Huu Barbara Daffos Patrice Simon Jeremy Come Dominique Bégin Institut de Physique et Chimie des Materiaux de Strasbourg UMR 7504 - CNRS Universite de Strasbourg 23 rue du Loess 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 08France RS2e - FR CNRS n 3459 Universite Paul Sabatier Toulouse III CIRIMAT 118 route de Narbonne 31062 Toulouse Cedex 9 France French-German Research Institute of Saint-Louis 5 rue du General Cassagnou 68300 Saint-Louis France Institut de Chimie et Procedes pour l'energie l'Environnement et la Sante UMR 7515-CNRS Universite de Strasbourg 25 rue Becquerel 67087 Strasbourg Cedex 02 France

Fe（3–x）O4 raspberry shaped nanostructures/graphene nanocomposites were synthesized by a one-step polyol-solvothermal method to be tested as electrode materials for Li-ion battery（LIB）. Indeed, Fe（3–x）O4 raspberry shaped nanostructures consist of original oriented aggregates of Fe（3–x）O4 magnetite nanocrystals, ensuring a low oxidation state of magnetite and a hollow and porous structure, which has been easily combined with graphene sheets. The resulting nanocomposite powder displays a very homogeneous spatial distribution of Fe（3–x）O4 nanostructures at the surface of the graphene sheets. These original nanostructures and their strong interaction with the graphene sheets resulted in very small capacity fading upon Li＋ion intercalation. Reversible capacity, as high as 660 m Ah/g, makes this material promising for anode in Li-ion batteries application.

关键词： Graphene Fe3–xO4 raspberry shaped nanostructures Fe3–xO4/graphene nanocomposites Lithium-ion battery Reversible capacity

Consistency in Z-RRelationship Variability Regardless Precipitating Systems, Climatic Zones Observed from Two Types of Disdrometer

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Atmospheric and Climate Sciences 2014年第5期4卷 941-955页

作者： Bakary Bamba Abé Delfin Ochou eric-Pascal Zahiri Modeste Kacou Laboratory of Atmospheric Physics and Fluid Mechanics University Félix Houphouet-Boigny Abidjan Cote d’Ivoire Geosciences environment Toulouse (GeT) University Paul Sabatier of Toulouse III Toulouse France

Data from rain Drop Size Distributions gathered on five sites in Africa as well as those of the pilot site in Kourou (French Guyana, South America), located in different climatic zones, and collected by two types of disdrometer (the impact JW RD-69 disdrometer and the Optical Spectro-Pluviometer, OSP) are used to study the consistency of the reflectivity factor-rain rate at the ground (Z-R) relationship variability. The results clearly confirm that the relationship Z-R knows a large spatial variability, from a type of precipitation to another and within the same precipitation regardless the type of disdrometer used for DSD measurements. Base on the similarity of the relations reflectivity factor-rain rate and ratio median volume diameter over the total number of drops-rain rate, the variability of the Z-R coefficients (A, b) through the simultaneously implication of the size and number of drops which characterize the DSD was exhibited. It was shown that the relationships A-α and b-β designed to understand the involvement of parameters D0 and NT of DSD in the variability of the relationship Z-R are similar regardless the types of disdrometer used. However, the relations A-α in the Sahelian region appear to deviate from those of Guinean, equatorial and Soudanian zones. The plausible reasons were discussed.

关键词： Drop Size Distributions Consistency in Z-R Relationship Variability Squall Lines Thunderstorm Stratiform Rain JW RD-69 Disdrometer Optical Spectro-Pluviometer OSP