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Milestones in the discovery of hepatitis C

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第37期28卷 5395-5402页

作者： Octavio Campollo Gerardo Amaya P Aiden McCormick Center of Studies on Alcohol and Addictions Antiguo Hospital Civil de GuadalajaraDepartment of Medical ClinicsUniversidad de GuadalajaraGuadalajara 44280JaliscoMexico Medical Clinics CUCSUniversidad de GuadalajaraGuadalajara 44280JaliscoMexico department of Hepatology Saint Vincent’s University HospitalNational Liver Transplant UnitDublin D04Ireland

The discovery of hepatitis C has been a landmark in public health as it brought the opportunity to save millions of lives through the diagnosis,prevention and cure of the disease.The combined work of three researchers,Alter H,Houghton M and Rice C,which set the basis for the diagnosis,treatment and prevention of hepatitis C apart from laying the ground work for a new approach to study infections in general and developing new antiviral agents.This is a story of a transfusion-associated infection.A series of clinical studies demonstrated the existence of an infectious agent associated with hepatitis.That was followed by the identification of what was later known to be the hepatitis C virus(HCV)and the development of diagnostic tests.It all preceded the full molecular identification and demonstration of a causal effect.Finally it ended up with the development and discovery of a new class of therapeutic drugs,the direct acting antivirals,which are now used not only to cure the disease but most probably,to eliminate the problem.This work started with Dr Alter H who demonstrated that a new virus was responsible for the majority of post-transfusion hepatitis followed by Houghton M who cloned the virus and developed the blood test to identify those cases that carried the virus.Finally,the work of Rice C demonstrated that a cloned HCV produced after applying molecular biology techniques could cause long-standing infection and cause the same disease as the one observed in humans.

关键词： Hepatitis C Nobel prize Discovery Diagnosis Treatment Elimination World Health Organization initiative

Random noise stimulation in the treatment of patients with neurological disorders

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第12期17卷 2557-2562页

作者： Mateo A.Herrera-Murillo Mario Treviño Elias Manjarrez Facultad de Medicina Plan de Estudios Combinados en Medicina(PECEM)UNAMCircuito InteriorCiudad UniversitariaAv.UniversidadCiudad de MéxicoMéxico Instituto de Neurociencias Universidad de GuadalajaraGuadalajaraJaliscoMéxico Instituto de Fisiología Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de PueblaPueblaMéxico

Random noise stimulation technique involves applying any form of energy(for instance,light,mechanical,electrical,sound)with unpredictable intensities through time to the brain or sensory receptors to enhance sensory,motor,or cognitive functions.Random noise stimulation initially employed mechanical noise in auditory and cutaneous stimuli,but electrical energies applied to the brain or the skin are becoming more frequent,with a series of clinical applications.Indeed,recent evidence shows that transcranial random noise stimulation can increase corticospinal excitability,improve cognitive/motor performance,and produce beneficial aftereffects at the behavioral and psychological levels.Here,we present a narrative review about the potential uses of random noise stimulation to treat neurological disorders,including attention deficit hyperactivity disorder,schizophrenia,amblyopia,myopia,tinnitus,multiple sclerosis,post-stroke,vestibular-postural disorders,and sensitivity loss.Many of the reviewed studies reveal that the optimal way to deliver random noise stimulation-based therapies is with the concomitant use of neurological and neuropsychological assessments to validate the beneficial aftereffects.In addition,we highlight the requirement of more randomized controlled trials and more physiological studies of random noise stimulation to discover another optimal way to perform the random noise stimulation interventions.

关键词： auditory noise mechanical noise neurological disorders neuronal noise noise galvanic vestibular stimulation non-invasive brain stimulation transcranial electrical stimulation transcranial random noise stimulation

Implications of receptor for advanced glycation end products for progression from obesity to diabetes and from diabetes to cancer

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World Journal of Diabetes 2023年第7期14卷 977-994页

作者： Andrea Garza-Campos José Roberto Prieto-Correa José Alfredo Domínguez-Rosales Zamira Helena Hernández-Nazará Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias en Biología Molecular en Medicina Universidad de GuadalajaraGuadalajara 44340JaliscoMexico departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica Instituto de Investigación en Enfermedades Crónico-DegenerativasUniversidad de GuadalajaraGuadalajara 44340JaliscoMexico

Obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are chronic pathologies with a high incidence worldwide.They share some pathological mechanisms,including hyperinsulinemia,the production and release of hormones,and hyperglycemia.The above,over time,affects other systems of the human body by causing tissue hypoxia,low-grade inflammation,and oxidative stress,which lay the pathophysiological groundwork for cancer.The leading causes of death globally are T2DM and cancer.Other main alterations of this pathological triad include the accumulation of advanced glycation end products and the release of endogenous alarmins due to cell death(i.e.,damage-associated molecular patterns)such as the intracellular proteins high-mobility group box protein 1 and protein S100 that bind to the receptor for advanced glycation products(RAGE)-a multiligand receptor involved in inflammatory and metabolic and neoplastic processes.This review analyzes the latest advanced reports on the role of RAGE in the development of obesity,T2DM,and cancer,with an aim to understand the intracellular signaling mechanisms linked with cancer initiation.This review also explores inflammation,oxidative stress,hypoxia,cellular senescence,RAGE ligands,tumor microenvironment changes,and the“cancer hallmarks”of the leading tumors associated with T2DM.The assimilation of this information could aid in the development of diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to lower the morbidity and mortality associated with these diseases.

关键词： Type 2 diabetes Cancer Obesity Advanced glycation end product receptor Receptor for advanced glycation end products Glycation end products,advanced

Unusual clinical presentation of oral pyogenic granuloma with severe alveolar bone loss:A case report and review of literature

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2023年第16期11卷 3907-3914页

作者： Sarah Monserrat LomelíMartínez dennisse Bocanegra Morando Ana Esther Mercado González Juan Ramón Gómez Sandoval department of Medical and Life Sciences Centro Universitario de la CiénegaUniversidad de GuadalajaraOcotlán 47810Mexico Master of Public Health Department of Wellbeing and Sustainable DevelopmentCentro Universitario del NorteUniversidad de GuadalajaraColotlán 46200Mexico Periodontics Program Department of Integrated Dentistry ClinicsCentro Universitario de Ciencias de la SaludGuadalajara 44340Mexico Antiguo Hospital Civil de guadalajara“Fray Antonio Alcalde” Guadalajara 44280Mexico Research Institute of dentistry Department of Integrated Dentistry ClinicsCentro Universitario de Ciencias de la SaludUniversidad de GuadalajaraGuadalajara 44340Mexico

BACKGROUND Pyogenic granuloma(PG)is a localized,reddish and vascularized hyperplastic lesion of the connective tissue which occurs in the oral cavity.In most cases,the presence of this lesion does not show alveolar bone resorption.The pathology is diagnosed clinically with some caution.However,the diagnosis and treatment are usually corroborated with histopathological evidence.CASE SUMMARY Three clinical cases of PG associated with bone loss were described in this study.The three patients presented tumor-like growth which bled on touch,and were associated with local irritant factors.Radiographs showed bone loss.All cases were treated with conservative surgical excision.The scarring was satisfactory,and there was no case of recurrence.The diagnoses were based on clinical findings,and were confirmed histopathologically.CONCLUSION The occurrence of oral PG with bone loss is unusual.Therefore,clinical and radiographic evaluations are important for the diagnosis.

关键词： Hyperplastic lesion Pyogenic granuloma Alveolar bone loss Case report

Portal Venous Thrombosis and Splenic Hemangioma, Secondary to Acute Pancreatitis: Case Report

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Open Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第1期14卷 11-17页

作者： Gustavo Adolfo Hernández Valdez Harvey Yair Zamora Veliz Estefany Gilberty Mendoza Verdin Quitzia Mayanim Rentería Fonseca Itzel Velázquez Viniegra Janette Alejandra Gamiño Gutierrez Diana Rita Velázquez Jimenez Florencio Favian Andrade Luis Fernando Baez Bustos Jorge Morales Rojas María Jacqueline Martínez Tejeda Graciela Gaddy Robles Martínez Juan Antonio Contreras Escamilla departamento de Medicina Interna ISSSTE Tepic General Hospital APP Tepic Nayarit México General Surgery department ISSSTE Tepic General Hospital APP Tepic Nayarit México Hospital Civil Fray Antonio Alcalde Guadalajara Jalisco México

We present an unusual case of portal vein thrombosis with a splanchnic hemangioma secondary to acute biliary pancreatitis. We report a 45-year-old patient, who has systemic arterial hypertension in treatment, was admitted for abdominal pain in the epigastrium, with irradiation to the right hypochondrium, accompanied by nausea and vomiting of 10 occasions of bile content, physical examination with pain in the right hypochondrium, Murphy positive. We have laboratory studies with a lipase of 788, so a diagnosis of pancreatitis is made with an etiology to be determined. The laboratories suggestive of acute biliary pancreatitis (lipase 788.71);an imaging study was subsequently performed (ultrasonography) with the result of stone in the common bile duct. A laparoscopy was performed with relative improvement, so he was discharged and returned 20 days after surgery due to abdominal pain of the same intensity in the left hypochondrium. Ending his hospitalization with a splenectomy for splenic hemangioma with portal vein thrombosis.

关键词： Pancreatitis Esplenic Hemangioma Esplenectomy Portal Vein Thrombosis Surgery

Presenilin mutations and their impact on neuronal differentiation in Alzheimer’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第1期17卷 31-37页

作者： Mercedes A.Hernández-Sapiéns Edwin E.Reza-Zaldívar Ana L.Márquez-Aguirre Ulises Gómez-Pinedo Jorge Matias-Guiu Ricardo R.Cevallos Juan C.Mateos-Díaz Víctor J.Sánchez-González Alejandro A.Canales-Aguirre Unidad de Evaluación Preclínica Unidad de Biotecnología Médica y FarmacéuticaCentro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de JaliscoGuadalajaraMéxico Instituto de Neurociencias IdISSCHospital Clínico San CarlosMadridEspaña Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics department University of AlabamaBirminghamAlabama Unidad de Biotecnología Industrial Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de JaliscoGuadalajaraMéxico Centro Universitario de los Altos Universidad de GuadalajaraGuadalajaraMéxico

The presenilin genes(PSEN1 and PSEN2)are mainly responsible for causing early-onset familial Alzheimer’s disease,harboring~300 causative mutations,and representing~90%of all mutations associated with a very aggressive disease form.Presenilin 1 is the catalytic core of theγ-secretase complex that conducts the intramembranous proteolytic excision of multiple transmembrane proteins like the amyloid precursor protein,Notch-1,N-and E-cadherin,LRP,Syndecan,delta,Jagged,CD44,ErbB4,and Nectin1a.Presenilin 1 plays an essential role in neural progenitor maintenance,neurogenesis,neurite outgrowth,synaptic function,neuronal function,myelination,and plasticity.Therefore,an imbalance caused by mutations in presenilin 1/γ-secretase might cause aberrant signaling,synaptic dysfunction,memory impairment,and increased Aβ42/Aβ40 ratio,contributing to neurodegeneration during the initial stages of Alzheimer’s disease pathogenesis.This review focuses on the neuronal differentiation dysregulation mediated by PSEN1 mutations in Alzheimer’s disease.Furthermore,we emphasize the importance of Alzheimer’s disease-induced pluripotent stem cells models in analyzing PSEN1 mutations implication over the early stages of the Alzheimer’s disease pathogenesis throughout neuronal differentiation impairment.

关键词： familial Alzheimer’s disease familial Alzheimer’s disease-induced pluripotent stem cells models induced pluripotent stem cells neurogenesis neuronal differentiation Notch presenilin 1 PSEN1 mutations γ-secretase complex

Food allergy among Mexican infants and preschoolers:prevalence and associated factors

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2023年第4期19卷 401-405页

作者： Martín Bedolla-Barajas Jaime Morales-Romero Rafael Sánchez-Magallón Jorge Alejandro Valdez-Soto Tonatiuh Ramses Bedolla-Pulido Carlos Meza-López Allergy and Immunology department Nuevo Hospital Civil de Guadalajara Dr.Juan I.MenchacaSalvador Quevedo y Zubieta No.740Colonia La Perla44340GuadalajaraJaliscoMéxico Institute of Public Health Universidad VeracruzanaXalapaMexico Pediatrics department Nuevo Hospital Civil de Guadalajara Dr.Juan I.MenchacaGuadalajaraMexico

The number of people with food allergy(FA)has increased in recent decades,as has the number of foods to which they are allergic.Estimates of FA prevalence vary widely,likely because of different definitions,evaluated foods and geo-graphic variations.In developed countries,overall preva-lence estimates range from 1.9%to 7.2%[1,2].In Latin America,the prevalence of FA in children is between 1.4%and 5.3%[3-6],with important age-based variations(from 1.9%in infants to 0.4%in preschoolers)[7].FA is a complex trait in which the interplay of genetic and environmental fac-tors results in disease expression.Well-known factors that increase atopic susceptibility include sex[8,9],age[10],and socioeconomic status[11-13].Furthermore,the asso-ciation between family history of allergies and childhood FA has been consistently reported in recent years.Overall,a maternal history of allergic disease appears to be more strongly associated with FA than paternal history of atopy[14].

关键词： prevalence allergy allergic

Distributed Monitoring of Power System Oscillations Using Multiblock Principal Component Analysis and Higher-order Singular Value decomposition

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2022年第4期10卷 818-828页

作者： Arturo Román-Messina Alejandro Castillo-Tapia David A.Román-García Marcos A.Hernández-Ortega Carlos A.Morales-Rergis Claudia M.Castro-Arvizu Center for Research and Advanced Studies(CINVESTAV)of the National Polytechnic Institute of Mexico GuadalajaraJal.45017Mexico Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey GuadalajaraJal.45070Mexico Autonomous University of guadalajara GuadalajaraJal.45129Mexico Centro de Enseñanza Técnica Industrial and he is also with UAGGuadalajaraJal.44638Mexico

The primary goal in the analysis of hierarchical distributed monitoring and control architectures is to study the spatiotemporal patterns of the interactions between areas or subsystems.In this paper,a novel conceptual framework for distributed monitoring of power system oscillations using multiblock principal component analysis(MB-PCA)and higher-order singular value decomposition(HOSVD)is proposed to understand,characterize,and visualize the global behavior of the power system.The proposed framework can be used to evaluate the influence of a given area or utility on the oscillatory behavior,uncover low-dimensional structures from high-dimensional data,and analyze the effects of heterogeneous data on the modal characteristics and interpretation of power system.The metrics are then investigated to examine the relationships between the dynamic patterns and participation of individual data blocks in the global behavior of the system.Practical application of these techniques is demonstrated by case studies of two systems:a 14-machine test system and a 5449-bus 635-generator equivalent model of a large power system.

关键词： Distributed monitoring multiblock principal component analysis(MB-PCA) higher-order singular value decomposition(HOSVD) Tucker decomposition

Differential distribution of gene polymorphisms associated with hypercholesterolemia,hypertriglyceridemia,and hypoalphalipoproteinemia among Native American and Mestizo Mexicans

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World Journal of Hepatology 2022年第7期14卷 1408-1420页

作者： Rafael Torres-Valadez Sonia Roman Claudia Ojeda-Granados Karina Gonzalez-Aldaco Arturo Panduro department of Genomic Medicine in Hepatology Civil Hospital of Guadalajara Fray Antonio Alcalde/Health Sciences CenterUniversity of GuadalajaraGuadalajaraJalisco 44280Mexico Unidad Especializada en Investigación Desarrollo e Innovación en Medicina Genómica Centro Nayarita de Innovación y Transferencia de TecnologíaUniversidad Autónoma de NayaritUnidad Académica de Salud IntegralTepicNayarit 63173Mexico

BACKGROUND Dyslipidemias are metabolic abnormalities associated with chronic diseases caused by genetic and environmental factors.The Mexican population displays regional differences according to ethnicity with an impact on the type of dyslipidemia.AIM To define the main dyslipidemias,the frequency of lipid-related risk alleles,and their association with hyperlipidemic states among different ethnic groups in West Mexico.METHODS In a retrospective study,1324 adults were selected to compare dyslipidemias and lipid-related gene polymorphisms.demographic,clinical,and laboratory data were collected.A subgroup of 196 normal weight subjects without impaired glucose was selected for the association analyses.Genotyping was determined by allelic discrimination assay.RESULTS Hypercholesterolemia was the most prevalent dyslipidemia(42.3%).The frequency of the risk alleles associated with hypoalphalipoproteinemia(ABCA1)and hypercholesterolemia(APOE,LDLR)was higher in the Native Americans(P=0.047).In contrast,the Mestizos with European ancestry showed a higher frequency of the risk alleles for hypertriglyceridemia(APOE2,MTTP)(P=0.045).In normal weight Mestizo subjects,the APOB TT and LDLR GG genotypes were associated risk factors for hypercholesterolemia(OR=5.33,95%CI:1.537-18.502,P=0.008 and OR=3.90,95%CI:1.042-14.583,P=0.043,respectively),and displayed an increase in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels(APOB:β=40.39,95%CI:14.415-66.366,P=0.004;LDLR:β=20.77,95%CI:5.763-35.784,P=0.007).CONCLUSION Gene polymorphisms and dyslipidemias showed a differential distribution.Regional primary health care strategies are required to mitigate their prevalence considering the genetic and environmental features which could have important implications for personalized medicine within the new era of precision medicine.

关键词： Dyslipidemia Ethnicity Genes Obesity Lipids Liver disease Diet