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Hybrid Security Assessment Methodology for Web Applications

Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2021年第1期126卷 89-124页

作者： Roddy A.Correa Juan Ramon Bermejo Higuera Javier Bermejo Higuera Juan Antonio SiciliaMontalvo Manuel Sanchez Rubio A.Alberto Magrenan Universidad Tecnica Particular de Loja San Cayetano AltoLojaEcuador Escuela Superior de Ingenieria y Tecnologia Universidad Internacional de La RiojaLogrono26006Spain universidad de la Rioja Logrono26006Spain

This study presents a methodology to evaluate and prevent security vulnerabilities issues for web applications.The analysis process is based on the use of techniques and tools that allow to perform security assessments of white box and black box,to carry out the security validation of a web application in an agile and precise way.The objective of the methodology is to take advantage of the synergies of semi-automatic static and dynamic security analysis tools and manual checks.Each one of the phases contemplated in the methodology is supported by security analysis tools of different degrees of coverage,so that the results generated in one phase are used as feed for the following phases in order to get an optimized global security analysis result.The methodology can be used as part of other more general methodologies that do not cover how to use static and dynamic analysis tools in the implementation and testing phases of a Secure Software development Life Cycle(SSDLC).A practical application of the methodology to analyze the security of a real web application demonstrates its effectiveness by obtaining a better optimized vulnerability detection result against the true and false positive metrics.Dynamic analysis with manual checking is used to audit the results,24.6 per cent of security vulnerabilities reported by the static analysis has been checked and it allows to study which vulnerabilities can be directly exploited externally.This phase is very important because it permits that each reported vulnerability can be checked by a dynamic second tool to confirm whether a vulnerability is true or false positive and it allows to study which vulnerabilities can be directly exploited externally.Dynamic analysis finds six(6)additional critical vulnerabilities.Access control analysis finds other five(5)important vulnerabilities such as Insufficient Protected Passwords or Weak Password Policy and Excessive Authentication Attacks,two vulnerabilities that permit brute force attacks.

关键词： Web applications security vulnerability weakness security analysis white box black box interactive application security testing static application security testing dynamic application security testing

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Influence of soil and elevation on roadside cryptogam diversity in the tropical Andes

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Forest Ecosystems 2022年第5期9卷 639-646页

作者： Paul Salinas Marina Mazon Vinicio Carrion-Paladines Nixon Cumbicus Patricio Guzman Paolo Giordani Angel Benítez Maestría en Biología de la Conservacion y Ecología Tropical Universidad Tecnica Particular deLojaSan Cayetano Alto s/nLoja1101608Ecuador Centro de Investigaciones Tropicales del Ambiente y Biodiversidad–CITIAB Universidad Nacional de LojaCiudadela Universitariasector La ArgeliaEC 110101LojaEcuador Biodiversidad de Ecosistemas Tropicales-BIETROP Herbario HUTPLDepartamento de Ciencias Biologicas y AgropecuariasUniversidad Tecnica Particular de LojaSan Cayetano Alto s/nLoja1101608Ecuador departament of Pharmacy University of GenoaViale Cembrano 416148GenoaItaly

Background: The deforestation caused by road construction is one of the main drivers for both biodiversity and function loss in tropical ecosystems. Terricolous cryptogams are pioneers in colonizing roadside and they are limited by environmental and edaphic factors, thus, cryptogams may act as pioneers for ecosystem rehabilitation at roadside.Methods: This research was aimed at determining the diversity and composition of terricolous cryptogams, as well as their relationship with elevation and soil properties among roadside of the tropical Andes of Ecuador, in order to establish indicator species of this anthropized ecosystems. Five elevations were selected and in each one 50grids of 20 cm×30 cm were sampled(250 in total along the road), where occurrence, cover and identification of every cryptogam species were recorded. To evaluate the effect of elevation and soil properties on cryptogam richness, a linear model was conducted. Species composition among elevations was compared by non-metric multidimensional scaling(NMDS), and their relationship with the environmental variables through a correlation with adjusted axes was performed. A total of 72 species were recorded, those being 44 bryophytes and 28lichens. Species richness and composition of terricolous cryptogams were influenced by elevation and soil properties, thus the richness is higher at elevations E1, E2 and E3(2600, 2200 and 1800 m a.s.l.), differing from low elevations E4 and E5(1400 and 1000 m a.s.l.). Higher elevations with specific soil conditions(e.g bulk density, nitrogen and silt) harbored different cryptogam communities than those in lower elevations.Conclusions: A combination of both elevation and soil properties are shaping the colonization by terricolous cryptogams commnunities. As such, 18 species were identified as the best indicators for all sets of environmental conditions at the roadside, which can therefore be considered for monitoring ecological processes in tropical areas. Use of biocrusts for restoration is an emerging field. If impl

关键词： Bryophytes Indicator species Beta diversity Lichens Richness Ecuador

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Electronic and Magnetic Properties of Co- and Mn-codoped ZnO by density Functional Theory

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Chinese Physics Letters 2016年第9期33卷 108-111页

作者： A.Stashans K.Rivera Grupo de Fisicoquimica de Materiales Universidad Tecnica Particular de Loja

Zinc oxide crystal containing intrinsic oxygen vacancy defect as well as codoped with Mn and Co impurities is studied using density functional theory(DFT) calculations.An intra-atomic interaction term for the strongly correlated d-electrons by an unrestricted Hartree-Fock approximation(DFT+U method) is introduced to more precisely describe the system under study.The electronic and magnetic properties are investigated and discussed in detail.In particular,it is found that relative defect positions might influence the outcome if the material exhibits or not the n-type electrical conductivity.

关键词：密度泛函理论电子性质 Hartree-Fock近似 ZnO 共掺杂 Mn Co 电子相互作用

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Process and Extraction of Natural Fibers in the Artistic Application

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材料科学与工程（中英文A版） 2012年第2期2卷 238-247页

作者： Maria Gabriela Punin Burneo Universidad Tecnica Particular de Loja Ecuador

This research discusses the basic processes of extraction and handling of fibers used in the production of the natural fiber paper. Dyes are based on natural colorings derived from native plants such as avocado, walnut, suckling pig which are traditional techniques of the ethnic Shuar group of the province of Zamora Chinchipe. The study of natural fibers for paper developed as an alternative art form, a compliment to photography, sculpture and handcrafts and helps us identify the contributions that nature gives us in the formation of work of art. The varieties of texture, color, and transparency are also means for creativity.

关键词：天然纤维艺术形式提取应用原生植物天然色素艺术作品纤维纸

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Notes on Quantitative Structure-Properties Relationships （QSPR） Part Four： Quantum Multimolecular Polyhedra, Collective Vectors, Quantum Similarity, and Quantum QSPR Fundamental Equation

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Management Studies 2016年第1期4卷 33-47页

作者： Ramon Carbo-Dorca Silvia Gonzalez Universitat de Girona Girona Catalonia Spain Universidad Tecnica Particular de Loja Loja Ecuador

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In vitro germination and shoot proliferation of the threatened species Cinchona officinalis L(Rubiaceae).

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Journal of Forestry Research 2016年第6期27卷 1229-1236页

作者： Rosa Armijos-Gonzalez Cesar Perez-Ruiz departamento de Ciencias Naturales Universidad Tecnica Particular de LojaCP 1101 608 LojaEcuador departamento de Biotecnologia y Biologia Vegetal E.T.S.Ingenieros AgronomosUniversidad Politecnica de MadridCP 728040 MadridSpain

Cinchona officinalis(Rubiaceae) is an endemic species of the loja Valley in southern Ecuador with medicinal uses. Because of over-exploitation in the nineteenth century and more recent disturbances to its ecosystem, C. officinalis populations are threatened. Currently,natural regeneration of the populations is low, despite its high plant regeneration and seed formation capacity. In the present study, an efficient protocol for germination, shoot proliferation and plantlets regeneration was developed for this species. Phenolic content and germination rate of C.officinalis seeds were compared with a control species, C.pubescens. Nodal segments from seedlings of C. officinalis were cultured on Gamborg medium supplemented with different combinations of plant growth regulators. Because the phenol content is high in C. officinalis, the phenolic should be removed with hydrogen peroxide or water washes to stimulate germination. Shoots and callus developed from nodal segments within 45 days using most of the tested combinations of plant growth regulators. The best rates of shoot proliferation, callus formation and adventitious buds were obtained in medium supplemented with 5.0 mg L^(-1) 6-benzyl-aminopurine and 3.0 mg L^(-1) indole-3-butyric acid.

关键词：胼胝辛可宁 officinalis 萌芽酚 Rubiaceae 射击

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development of Starch Biopolymers from Waste Organic Materials （Cassava Peel） and Natural Fiber （Agave）

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材料科学与工程（中英文A版） 2012年第11期2卷 728-736页

作者： Maria Jose Valarezo Ulloa Maria Gabriela PuninBurneo Universidad Tecnica Particular de Loja

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Conversion of Andean montane forest to exotic forest plantation modifies soil physicochemical properties in the buffer zone of Ecuador's Podocarpus National Park

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Forest Ecosystems 2022年第6期9卷 802-812页

作者： Vinicio Carrion-Paladines Angel Benítez Roberto García-Ruíz departamento de Ciencias Biologicas y Agropecuarias Universidad Tecnica Particular de LojaSan Cayetano Alto s/nC.P.1101608LojaEcuador departamento de Biología Animal Biología Vegetal y EcologíaSeccion de EcologíaUniversidad de JaenCampus Las LagunillasEdificio Ciencias Experimentales y de la Salud(B3)23071JaenSpain

Background:Andean montane forests(AMF)are biodiversity hotspots that provide fundamental hydrological services as well as carbon storage and sequestration.In recent decades,southern Ecuador AMFs have been seriously threatened by increased logging and conversion to forest plantations with exotic species.In this context,our main objective was to evaluate the effects of AMF conversion to forest plantations on soil physicochemical properties in the buffer zone(Bz)of the Podocarpus National Park(PNP),in southern Ecuador.For this purpose,random samples were taken at a depth of 0-10 cm in four plots in each contrast zone and analyzed for bulk density,porosity,textural class,leaf litter depth,soil pH,as well as the contents of organic matter(SOM),soil organic carbon(SOC),total nitrogen,and available phosphorus and potassium.Results:The results indicate that the conversion of AMFs produces an increase in bulk density and a decrease in SOM,SOC,and total nitrogen contents,thus modifying soil properties,which could result in a decrease in water regulation capacity and produce an increased risk of soil erosion.This accelerates degradation processes,as well as threatens shortages of the drinking water supply.Conclusions:This study can help decision-makers to implement soil management plans in the Bz of the PNP,based on the implementation of new regulations,where the conservation of AMF is promoted.In addition,it is recommended to apply environmental restoration strategies in the anthropized areas of the AMF,as well as in the areas with exotic eucalyptus and pine plantations.

关键词： Andean montane forests Land use conversion Edaphic properties

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Structure, Electronic Properties and Chemical Bonding in Bis(1H-imidazolium-κN^3)silver(Ⅰ) Nitrate from Periodic DFT Computations

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Chinese Journal of Structural Chemistry 2013年第8期32卷 1143-1152页

作者： Arvids Stashansa Soraya Jácome Grupo de Fisicoquímica de Materiales Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja Escuela de Ingeniería Química Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja

Using the first-principles density functional theory calculations within the genera-lized gradient approximation we study the bis(1H-imidazolium-κN3)silver(Ⅰ) nitrate molecular crystal. A number of different exchange-correlation functionals are considered for a possible treatment of the system. Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof (PBE) GGA exchange-correlation functionals are found to be adequate for our system. The obtained results show that it is possible to reproduce very well the geometry of at least some molecular crystals if computational parameters are chosen adequately. In addition to the reproducing crystal structure of the bis(1H-imidazolium-κN3)silver(Ⅰ) nitrate in close agreement with the available experimental data, the present work reports analysis on the chemical bonding in the material and gives total and partial density of states of this system.

关键词： DFT计算银(I) 晶体结构化学键合硝酸咪唑电子性质密度泛函理论

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Six forests in one:Tree species diversity in the Bosque Protector Chongón Colonche,a lowland mountain range in coastal Ecuadorian

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Forest Ecosystems 2022年第6期9卷 725-733页

作者： Oswaldo Jadan David ADonoso Edwin Ponce-Ramírez Franz Pucha-Cofrep Omar Cabrera Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias Universidad de Cuenca12 de Octubre y Diego de TapiaCuenca010107Ecuador Programa de Doctorado en Conservacion de Recursos Naturales Escuela Internacional de DoctoradoUniversidad Rey Juan CarlosMostolesMadridES-28933Spain departamento de Biología Escuela Politecnica NacionalLadron de Guevara E11⋅253Quito170525Ecuador Geoforest S.A 12 de febrero y Av.Franklin VegaMacas140150Ecuador Grupo de Investigacion Hidrología y Climatología Universidad Tecnica Particular de LojaSan Cayetano Alto S/NLoja110101Ecuador Brandenburg University of Technology(BTU)Cottbus-Senftenberg 03044CottbusGermany departamento de Ciencias Biologicas y Agropecuarias Universidad Tecnica Particular de LojaSan Cayetano Alto S/NLoja110101Ecuador

Tropical mountain ranges shape the structure of tree communities and promote highly diverse natural habitats.The“Bosque Protector Chong on-Colonche”(BPCC),an 86,000-ha mountain formation situated on the coast of Ecuador,is biogeographically important for the region by connecting floristic elements of the wet Choco and the dry Tumbesian forests.Our understanding of the factors that model tree and palm diversity and distribution in this mountain range are limited.We measured and identified all trees and palms(DBH≥10 cm)in 289 plots of0.2 ha,distributed throughout BPCC.We used generalized linear models to explain the relationship between forest diversity and structure and climatic variables(temperature,rain,aridity),and altitude.We then used cluster and non-metric multidimensional scale(NMDS)analyses to search for distinct forest communities within the BPCC.Variance partition(varpart)was used to determine which predictor variables best explained these distinct forest communities.A species indicator analysis identified the species most likely to define these distinct forest communities.Finally,we carried out a niche modeling approach to identify the potential distribution of these forest communities within BPCC.In total,we identified 220 tree and palm species in our survey.The average number of species per plot was 17.8±5.8,ranging from 3 to 40 species.Classification methods sorted the 289study plots into six different forest communities,three communities in the dry forest and three in the semi-humid Garúa forest.Precipitation and temperature,but not altitude or aridity,explained floristic composition.These results emphasize the high but little cataloged diversity in the lowland mountain rainforests of coastal Ecuador.

关键词： Chongón-Colonche Climatic variables Dry forest Forest communities Garúa forest

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