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The accuracy assessment in areal interpolation:An empirical investigation

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2008年第S1期51卷 62-71页

作者： LIU XiaoHang1 & LIU Yu2 1 department of Geography & Human Environmental Studies,san francisco State University,san Fran-cisco,CA 94132,USA 2 Institute of Remote Sensing and Geographical Information Systems,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China department of Geography & Human Environmental Studies San Francisco State University San Francisco CA 94132 USA Institute of Remote Sensing and Geographical Information Systems Peking University Beijing 100871 China

Areal interpolation is the process of transferring data from source zones to target zones. While method development remains a top research priority in areal interpo-lation,the accuracy assessment aspect also begs for attention. This paper reports an empirical experience on probing an areal interpolation method to highlight the power and potential pitfalls in accuracy assessment. A kriging-based interpolation algorithm is evaluated by several approaches. It is found that accuracy assessment is a powerful tool to understand an interpolation method,e.g. the utility of ancillary data and semi-variogram modeling in kriging in our case study. However,different assessment methods and spatial units on which assessment is conducted can lead to rather different results. The typical practice to assess accuracy at the source zone level may overestimate interpolation accuracy. Assessment at the target zone level is suggested as a supplement.

关键词： areal interpolation accuracy assessment area-to-point kriging

The Effect of Global Smoothness on the Accuracy of Treecodes

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Communications in Computational Physics 2022年第10期32卷 1332-1360页

作者： Henry A.Boateng Svetlana Tlupova department of Mathematics San Francisco State UniversitySan FranciscoCA 94132USA department of Mathematics Farmingdale State CollegeSUNYFarmingdaleNY 11735USA

Treecode algorithms are widely used in evaluation of N-body pairwise interactions in O(N)or O(NlogN)*** they can provide high accuracy approximations,a criticism leveled at the methods is that they lack global *** this work,we study the effect of smoothness on the accuracy of treecodes by comparing three tricubic interpolation based treecodes with differing smoothness properties:a global C^(1) continuous tricubic,and two new tricubic interpolants,one that is globally C^(0) continuous and one that is *** present numerical results which show that higher smoothness leads to higher accuracy for properties dependent on the derivatives of the kernel,nevertheless the global C^(0) continuous and discontinuous treecodes are competitive with the C^(1) continuous *** advantage of the discontinuous treecode over the C^(1) continuous is that,in addition to function evaluations,the discontinuous treecode only requires evaluations of the first derivatives of the kernel while the C^(1) continuous treecode requires evaluations up to third order *** the first derivatives are computed using finite differences,the discontinuous version can be viewed as kernel independent and of utility for a wider array of kernels with minimal effort.

关键词： Fast summation treecode tricubic interpolation

Vertebrate cardiac regeneration:evolutionary and developmental perspectives

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Cell Regeneration 2021年第1期10卷 54-63页

作者： Stephen Cutie Guo N.Huang Cardiovascular Research Institute and department of Physiology University of CaliforniaSan FranciscoSan FranciscoCA 94158USA Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research University of CaliforniaSan FranciscoSan FranciscoCA 94158USA

Cardiac regeneration is an ancestral trait in vertebrates that is lost both as more recent vertebrate lineages evolved to adapt to new environments and selective pressures,and as members of certain species developmentally progress towards their adult *** higher vertebrates like humans and rodents resolve cardiac injury with permanent fibrosis and loss of cardiac output as adults,neonates of these same species can fully regenerate heart structure and function after injury–as can adult lower vertebrates like many teleost fish and urodele *** research has elucidated several broad factors hypothesized to contribute to this loss of cardiac regenerative potential both evolutionarily and developmentally:an oxygen-rich environment,vertebrate thermogenesis,a complex adaptive immune system,and cancer risk *** this review,we discuss the evidence for these hypotheses as well as the cellular participators and molecular regulators by which they act to govern heart regeneration in vertebrates.

关键词： Heart Regeneration development Evolution Cardiomyocyte proliferation Cell cycle arrest Polyploidization Endothermy Inflammation

Effect of strength training on knee proprioception in patients with knee osteoarthritis:A systematic review and meta-analysis

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Sports Medicine and Health Science 2024年第2期6卷 101-110页

作者： francisco Guede-Rojas Alexis Benavides-Villanueva Sergio Salgado-Gonzalez Cristhian Mendoza Gonzalo Arias-Alvarez Adolfo Soto-Martínez Claudio Carvajal-Parodi Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences Institute School of Physical TherapyFaculty of Rehabilitation SciencesUniversidad Andres BelloSantiago7591538Chile universidad san Sebastian Programa Magíster en Kinesiología Musculoesquel eticaLientur#1457ConcepcionChile universidad san Sebastian Laboratorio de Neurobiología.Facultad de Odontología y Ciencias de la Rehabilitaci onLientur#1457ConcepcionChile universidad san Sebastian Escuela de KinesiologíaFacultad de Odontología y Ciencias de la Rehabilitaci onLientur#1457ConcepcionChile departamento de Kinesiología Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad de ConcepcionConcepcion4030000Chile

Proprioception is significantly impaired in knee osteoarthritis(KOA),contributing to reduced *** training(ST)is essential in KOA by improving muscle strength,although it may also be effective in improving *** purpose was to determine the effect of ST on knee proprioception in KOA ***,CINAHL,Scopus,WOS,and PEDro were searched for randomized controlled trials(RCTs)(inception to March 2023).Comparisons for ST were physical exercise different from ST,non-exercise-based interventions,and no *** quality was assessed using the PEDro scale,and risk of bias(RoB)using the Cochrane ***-analyses were performed by comparison groups using the standardized mean difference(SMD)(Hedge's g)with random effects models,also considering subgroups by proprioception ***,six RCTs were *** mean PEDro score was 6.3,and the highest proportion of biases corresponds to per-formance,selection,and *** meta-analysis indicated that only when compared with non-intervention,ST significantly improved knee proprioception for the joint position sense(JPS)(activeþpassive),JPS(passive),and threshold to detect passive motion(TTDPM)subgroups(g=-1.33[-2.33,-0.32],g=-2.29[-2.82,-1.75]and g=-2.40[-4.23,-0.58],respectively).However,in the knee JPS(active)subgroup,ST was not significant(g=-0.72[-1.84,0.40]).In conclusion,ST improves knee proprioception compared to ***,due to the paucity of studies and diversity of interventions,more evidence is needed to support the effectiveness of *** RCTs may address the limitations of this review to advance knowledge about pro-prioceptive responses to ST and contribute to clinical practice.

关键词： Osteoarthritis Knee Proprioception Resistance training

Thyroid Nodule: Alpha Score 2.0 Classification for FNAB Selection, Multicentric Study in Latin America

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Open Journal of Radiology 2021年第4期11卷 160-174页

作者： Glenn Mena Maria Cristina Chammas Carlos Mario Gonzalez Vasquez Lylian Rocío Villagómez Marco Alfredo Muñoz Pico Patricio Alejandro Montalvo santiago Mena-Bucheli Julio Olmedo Elizabeth Quintero Pedro Henrique de Marqui Moraes Osmar Cassio Saito Hubertino Diaz denise Romero Gabriela Velalcazar Angel Ramón Sosa Fleitas Yamil Oliver Quevedo Ontaneda Victor Ricardo Chara Alpha Imagen Radiología e Intervencionismo Quito Ecuador Hospital das Clínicas Faculdade de Medicina da universidade de Sã o Paulo S&#227 o Paulo Brasil Hospital Pablo Tobón Uribe Medellin Colombia Hospital del Instituto Ecuatoriano de Seguridad Social quito Sur Quito Ecuador Hospital san francisco de quito Quito Ecuador Hospital Edgardo Rebagliati Martins Lima Perú Hospital Carlos Andrade Marín Quito Ecuador Hospital de Clínicas san José de san Martín Buenos Aires Argentina Hospital Universitario de Los Andes Mérida Venezuela Hospital de la Policía Quito Ecuador Hospital Sisol Tacna Perú

Introduction: To perform a Latin-American multicentric study for the prediction of benign and malignant thyroid nodules using Alpha Score, and to compare it with ACR TIRADS® and Bethesda®. Materials and Methods: A prospective multicentric study in 10 radiological hospitals and institutions of Latin America was performed and 818 thyroid nodules were analyzed by ultrasound and classified by using both ACR TIRADS® and Alpha Score;fine-needle aspiration biopsy was performed when needed and classified with Bethesda. The relationships between predictors were analyzed by using binary logistic regression, statistical significance was defined by a p-value of 0.05, with an error margin of 4% and 95% confidence intervals. Results: Alpha Score 2.0 establishes five types of malignant predictors: microcalcifications, irregular borders, taller-than-wide shape, predominant solid texture and hypoechogenicity;a diameter equal to or greater than 1.5 cm adds an extra point to the final score. Resulting classification divides TNs into 4 categories: benign (1.9%), low suspicion (8.7%), mild suspicion (13.6%) and high suspicion (75.7%) of malignancy probability;sensitivity of 82%, specificity of 74%, the positive predictive value of 94%, the negative predictive value of 51%, the statistical accuracy of 81%, odds ratio of 108.89 and correlation with ACR TIRADS of 0.77 and Bethesda of 0.91. Conclusions: Alpha Score 2.0 has superior diagnostic accuracy and performance compared to the previously published Alpha Score and is able to classify a benign TN in a precise, safe and accurate way, avoiding unnecessary FNABs or determining the necessity of FNAB in cases of moderate to high suspicion of malignancy.

关键词： Thyroid Cancer-Clinical Radiology-Imaging Thyroid Nodule Alpha Score TIRADS® Thyroid Ultrasonography

Vitamin D and calcium signaling in epidermal stem cells and their regeneration

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2020年第7期12卷 604-611页

作者： Yuko Oda Daniel D Bikle department of Medicine University of California San FranciscoCA 94158United States Endocrine Research Veterans Affairs Medical Center San FranciscoCA 94158United States

Epidermal stem cells(SCs)residing in the skin play an essential role for epidermal regeneration during cutaneous wound *** injury,distinct epidermal SCs residing in the interfollicular epidermis and/or hair follicles are activated to ***,SCs and progeny migrate,differentiate and restore the *** review a role of the vitamin D signaling through its receptor of vitamin D receptor(Vdr)in these *** conditional knockout(cKO)mouse skin experiences a delay in wound re-epithelialization under low dietary calcium conditions,stimulating our efforts to examine a cooperative role of Vdr with calcium signaling through the calcium sensing receptor in the *** review the role of vitamin D and calcium signaling in different processes essential for injury induced epidermal regeneration during cutaneous wound ***,we discuss their roles in self-renewal of epidermal SCs through β-catenin ***,we describe epidermal remodeling,in which SCs and progeny migrate and differentiate to restore the epidermis,events controlled by the Ecadherin mediated adherens junction ***,we discuss the potential mechanisms for vitamin D and calcium signaling to regulate injury induced epidermal regeneration mutually and interdependently.

关键词： Vitamin D Calcium Stem cells Epidermis Regeneration Wound healing

Privacy-preserving federated learning for transportation mode prediction based on personal mobility data

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High-Confidence Computing 2022年第4期2卷 23-27页

作者： Fuxun Yu Zirui Xu Zhuwei Qin Xiang Chen department of Electrical and Computer Engineering George Mason UniversityFairfaxVAUSA School of Engineering San Francisco State UniversitySan FranciscoCAUSA

Personal daily mobility trajectories/traces like Google Location Service integrates many valuable information from individuals and could benefit a lot of application scenarios,such as pandemic control and precaution,prod-uct recommendation,customized user profile analysis,traffic management in smart cities,***,utilizing such personal mobility data faces many challenges since users’private information,such as home/work addresses,can be unintentionally *** this work,we build an FL system for transportation mode prediction based on personal mobility *** FL-based training scheme,all user’s data are kept in local without uploading to central nodes,providing high privacy preserving *** the same time,we could train accurate DNN models that is close to the centralized training *** resulted transportation mode prediction system serves as a prototype on user’s traffic mode classification,which could potentially benefit the transportation data analysis and help make wise decisions to manage public transportation resources.

关键词： Federated learning Privacy deep learning

External-beam radiation therapy should be given with androgen deprivation treatment for intermediate-risk prostate cancer： new confirmatory evidence

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2012年第1期14卷 132-133页

作者： Matthew R Cooperberg department of Urology University of California San Francisco CA 94143-1695 USA

Anewly published study, Radiation Therapy Oncology Group （RTOG） trial 94-08, has demonstrated that a short-course ofneoadjuvant androgen deprivation therapy （ADT） given together with external-beam radiation therapy （EBRT） improves outcomes for men with intermediate-risk prostate cancer compared with EBRT alone） The benefits of neoadjuvant ADT for men receiving EBRT have been recognized for years, but in light of growing concerns regarding potential long-term skeletal, metabolic and cardiovascular toxicities of ADT, the demonstration of benefits with only shortterm treatment is timely.

关键词： External-beam radiation therapy intermediate-risk prostate cancer neoadjuvant ADT RTOG 94-08 brachytherapy

Modelling the impacts of cover crop management strategies on the water use,carbon exchange and yield of olive orchards

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Journal of Forestry Research 2023年第1期34卷 283-295页

作者： Alvaro López-Bernal Omar García-Tejera Luca Testi francisco J.Villalobos departamento de Agronomía Universidad de CórdobaCampus de RabanalesEdifi cio C414071 CórdobaSpain departamento de Ingeniería Agraria Y del Medio Natural Universidad de La LagunaCarretera General de Geneto 238200 San Cristóbal de La LagunaSpain Instituto de Agricultura Sostenible(IAS) Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científi cas(CSIC)Av.Menéndez Pidal S/N14080 CórdobaSpain

Cover crops have long been proposed as an alternative soil management for minimizing erosion rates in olive stands while providing additional ecosystem ***,the trade-off between these benefits and the competition for water with the trees makes the definition of optimal management practices a challenging task in semiarid *** work presents an improved version of OliveCan,a process-based simulation model of olive orchards that now can simulate the main impacts of cover crops on the water and carbon balances of olive *** simple in its formulation,the new model components were developed to deal with different cover crop management *** are presented for simulation runs of a traditional olive orchard in the conditions of southern Spain,evaluating the effects of different widths for the strip occupied by the cover crop(Fcc)and two contrasting mowing *** revealed that high Fccresulted in lower olive yields,but only when mowing was applied at the end of *** this regard,late mowing and high Fccwas associated with lower soil water content from spring to summer,coinciding with olive flowering and the earlier stages of fruit *** also negatively correlated with surface runoff irrespective of the mowing *** the other hand,net ecosystem productivity(NEP)was substantially affected by both Fccand mowing *** simulations under future climate scenarios comparing the same management alternatives are also presented,showing substantial yield reductions by the end of the century and minor or negligible changes in NEP and seasonal runoff.

关键词： Carbon exchange Cover crops Crop modelling Evapotranspiration Olea europaea L