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Lack of functional link in the tadpole morphology induced by predators

Current Zoology 2016年第3期62卷 227-235页

作者： Maria Gabriela PEROTTI Mariana PUETA Fabian Gaston JARA Carmen Adria UBED debora Lina MORENO AZOCAR Laboratorio de Fotobiologfa INIBIOMA CONICET-Universidad Nacional del Comahue O.uintral 1250 Bariloche Rio Negro Argentina departamento de Biologfa general. universidad Nacional del Comahue Quintral 1250 Bariloche Rio Negro Argentina departamento de Zoologia INIBIOMA CONICET-Universidad Nacional del Comahue Quintral 1250 8400 Bariloche Rio Negro Argentina

Most studies of predator-induced plasticity have focused on documenting how prey species respond to predators by modifying phenotypic traits and how traits correlate with fitness. We have previously shown that tadpoles exposed to the dragonfly responded strongly by showing morphological changes, less activity, and better survival than non-exposed tadpoles. Here, we tested whether there is a functional link between morphological plasticity and increased survival in the presence of predators. Tadpoles that experienced predation risk were smaller, less developed, and much less active than tadpoles without this experience. Burst speed did not correlate significantly with morphological changes and predator-induced deeper tails did not act as a lure to divert predator strikes away from the head. Although we have previously found that tadpoles with predator-induced morphology survive better under a direct predator threat, our results on the functional link between morphology and fitness are not conclusive. Our results suggest that in tadpoles (1) burst speed is not important to evade predators, (2) those exposed to predators reduce their activity, and (3) morphological changes do not divert predator attacks away from areas that compromise tadpole survivalEE. Our results show that morphological changes in tadpoles do not explain burst speed or lure attraction, although there was a clear reduction of activity, which itself reduces predation. We propose that changes in tadpole activity could be further analyzed from another perspective, with morphological change as an indirect product of behavior mediated by physiological mechanisms.

关键词：形态变化捕食者蝌蚪诱导形态可塑性链接健身功能表型性状

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Conceptual design of an experiment to study dust destruction by astrophysical shock waves

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2018年第3期6卷 9-14页

作者： M. J.-E. Manuel T. Temim E. Dwek A. M. Angulo E X. Belancourt R. E Drake C. C. Kuranz M. J. MacDonald B. A. Remington general Atomics 3550 General Atomics Court San Diego CA 92121 USA Space Telescope Science Institute 3700 San Martin Drive Baltimore MD 21218 USA Observational Cosmology Lab Code 665 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt MD 20771 USA Climate and Space Science and Engineering University of Michigan Ann Arbor M148109 USA department of Physics University of California Berkeley CA 94720 USA Lawrence Livermore national Laboratory Livermore CA 94450 USA

A novel laboratory experimental design is described that will investigate the processing of dust grains in astrophysical shocks. Dust is a ubiquitous ingredient in the interstellar medium(ISM) of galaxies; however, its evolutionary cycle is still poorly understood. Especially shrouded in mystery is the efficiency of grain destruction by astrophysical shocks generated by expanding supernova remnants. While the evolution of these remnants is fairly well understood, the grain destruction efficiency in these shocks is largely unknown. The experiments described herein will fill this knowledge gap by studying the dust destruction efficiencies for shock velocities in the range ～10–30 km/s(μm/ns), at which most of the grain destruction and processing in the ISM takes place. The experiments focus on the study of grain–grain collisions by accelerating small(～1 μm) dust particles into a large(～5–10 μm diameter) population; this simulates the astrophysical system well in that the more numerous, small grains impact and collide with the large population. Facilities that combine the versatility of high-power optical lasers with the diagnostic capabilities of X-ray free-electron lasers, e.g., the Matter in Extreme Conditions instrument at the SLAC national Accelerator Laboratory, provide an ideal laboratory environment to create and diagnose dust destruction by astrophysically relevant shocks at the micron scale.

关键词：星际介质天体物理理论研究尘埃

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Palynostratigraphy of the Zorritas Formation, Antofagasta region, Chile： Insights on the devonian]Carboniferous boundary in western Gondwana

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Geoscience Frontiers 2017年第3期8卷 493-506页

作者： Claudia V. Rubinstein Elodie Petus Hans Niemeyer IANIGLA CCT-CONICET Mendoza Av. Ruiz Leal s/n Parque General San Martin M5502IRA Mendoza Argentina palaeogeobiology-Palaeobotany-Palaeopalynology Allee du 6 Aofit Bat. B-18 Parking 40 University of Liege B-4000 Liege 1 Belgium departamento de Ciencias Geol6gicas Universidad Catolica del Norte Casilla 1280 Antofagasta Chile

The Middle Member of the Zorritas Formation in the Antofagasta region of northern Chile, yielded terrestrial and marine palynomorph assemblages which span the devonian/Carboniferous boundary. The assemblages show a clear predominance of terrestrial palynomorphs with 70 miospore species, 18 marine phytoplankton species, two non-marine algae and one chitinozoan species, all coming from 15 productive levels. Palynomorphs are poorly preserved and most of them are reworked. Three palyno- logical associations are recognized based on miospores. These are assigned to the Tournaisian-Visean, Tournaisian and probable latest Famennian. Age assignments are discussed in the frame of the spore zonal schemes established for Euramerica and western Gondwana. The stratigraphical distribution of spores allows the identification of the probable position of the devonian/Carboniferous boundary within the Zorritas Formation. This system boundary is proposed for the first time in Palaeozoic sedimentary rocks of northern Chile. The presence of Gondwanan typical miospore species indicates affinities with this palaeocontinent even though the Tournaisian and Tournaisian-Viseao miospore associations sup- port the cosmopolitanism already suggested for the early Carboniferous flora. The significant number of reworked palynomorphs together with the sedimentological analysis of the studied sections, suggest that these deposits were severely impacted by the climatic change and major sea level fluctuations. Similar conditions were recorded in coeval western Gondwana basins.

关键词： Miospores Phytoplankton devonian/Carboniferous boundary Western Gondwana Chile

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AdS/QCD and Applications of Light-Front Holography

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2012年第4期57卷 641-664页

作者： Stanley J.Brodsky Guy F.de Téramond CAO Pu-Guang SLAC national Accelerator Laboratory Stanford University Stanford CA 94309 USA and CPa-Origins Southern Denmark University Odense Denmark Massey University Palmerston North New Zealand universidad de Costa Rica San Jose Costa Rica

Light-front holography leads to a rigorous connection between hadronic amplitudes in a higher dimensional anti-de Sitter(AdS) space and frame-independent light-front wavefunctions of hadrons in(3 + 1)-dimensional physical space-time,thus providing a compelling physical interpretation of the AdS/CFT correspondence principle and AdS/QCD,a useful framework which describes the correspondence between theories in a modified AdS 5 background and confining field theories in physical *** a first semiclassical approximation,where quantum loops and quark masses are not included,this approach leads to a single-variable light-front Schro¨dinger equation which determines the eigenspectrum and the light-front wavefunctions of hadrons for general spin and orbital angular *** coordinate z in AdS space is uniquely identified with a Lorentz-invariant coordinate ζ which measures the separation of the constituents within a hadron at equal light-front *** internal structure of hadrons is explicitly introduced and the angular momentum of the constituents plays a key *** give an overview of the light-front holographic approach to strongly coupled *** particular,we study the photon-to-meson transition form factors(TFFs) FMγ(Q 2) for γ→ M using light-front holographic *** results for the TFFs for the η and η ' mesons are also *** novel features of QCD are discussed,including the consequences of confinement for quark and gluon condensates.A method for computing the hadronization of quark and gluon jets at the amplitude level is outlined.

关键词：全息技术 ADS QCD 量子色动力学应用物理空间空间时间空间坐标

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Construction and analysis of an ulcer risk prediction model after endoscopic submucosal dissection for early gastric cancer

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2022年第9期14卷 1823-1832页

作者： san-Dong Gong Huan Li Yi-Bin Xie Xiao-Hui Wang department of Gastroenterology Hainan Hospital of Chinese PLA General HospitalSanya 572013Hainan ProvinceChina department of Gastroenterology Sixth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijing 100048China department of Pancreatic and Gastric Surgery National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100021China

BACKGROUND Endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD) has been widely used in the treatment of early gastric cancer(EGC). A personalized and effective prediction method for ESD with EGC is urgently *** To construct a risk prediction model for ulcers after ESD for EGC based on LASSO *** A total of 196 patients with EGC who received ESD treatment were prospectively selected as the research subjects and followed up for one month. They were divided into an ulcer group and a non-ulcer group according to whether ulcers occurred. The general data, pathology, and endoscopic characteristics of the groups were compared, and the best risk predictor subsets were screened by LASSO regression and tenfold cross-validation. Multivariate logistic regression was applied to analyze the risk factors for ulcers after ESD in patients with EGC. A receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve was used to estimate the predictive model *** One month after the operation, no patient was lost to follow-up. The incidence of ulcers was 20.41%(40/196)(ulcer group), and the incidence of no ulcers was 79.59%(156/196)(non-ulcer group). There were statistically significant differences in the course of disease, Helicobacter pylori infection history, smoking history, tumor number, clopidogrel medication history, lesion diameter, infiltration depth, convergent folds, and mucosal discoloration between the groups. Gray’s medication history, lesion diameter, convergent folds, and mucosal discoloration, which were the 4 nonzero regression coefficients, were screened by LASSO regression analysis. Further multivariate logistic analysis showed that lesion diameter [Odds ratios(OR) = 30.490, 95%CI: 8.584-108.294], convergent folds(OR = 3.860, 95%CI: 1.060-14.055), mucosal discoloration(OR = 3.191, 95%CI: 1.016-10.021), and history of clopidogrel(OR = 3.554, 95%CI: 1.009-12.515) were independent risk factors for ulcers after ESD in patients with EGC(P < 0.05). The ROC curve showed

关键词： Endoscopic submucosal dissection Early gastric cancer Endoscopic features Ulcer Model

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The stability margin on EAST tokamak

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Chinese Physics B 2009年第6期18卷 2432-2440页

作者：钱金平万宝年沈彪 M.L.Walker D.A.Humphreys 肖炳甲 Institute of Plasma Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences general Atomics San DiegoCaliforniaUSA

The experimental advanced superconducting tokamak （EAST） is the first full superconducting tokamak with a D-shaped cross-sectional plasma presently in operation. Its poloidal coils are relatively far from the plasma due to the necessary thermal isolation from the superconducting magnets, which leads to relatively weaker coupling between plasma and poloidal field. This may cause more difficulties in controlling the vertical instability by using the poloidal coils. The measured growth rates of vertical stability are compared with theoretical calculations, based on a rigid plasma model. Poloidal beta and internal inductance are varied to investigate their effects on the stability margin by changing the values of parameters αn and γn（Howl et al 1992 Phys. Fluids B 4 1724）, with plasma shape fixed to be a configuration with k = 1.9 and 5 = 0.5. A number of ways of studying the stability margin are investigated. Among them, changing the values of parameters κ and li is shown to be the most effective way to increase the stability margin. Finally, a guideline of stability margin Ms（ki, li, A） to a new discharge scenario showing whether plasmas can be stabilized is also presented in this paper.

关键词： vertical instability growth rate stability margin

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The subduction of the Copiapó aseismic ridge,is the causing of the formation of metallic minerals deposits in north of Chile and Argentina?

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2019年第6期10卷 471-476页

作者： Mario Gimenez Gemma Acosta Orlando Alvarez Agustina Pesce Federico Lince Kinger Andres Folguera Instituto Geofisico Sismologico Volponi FCEFNUniversidad Nacional de San JuanCONICETRuta 12 Marguesado(Jardin de Los Poetas)RiνadaviaSanJuanArgentina IdeAN-CONICET universidad de Buenos Aires Argentina

The results obtained in this work evince that the metallic mineral deposits located in the northern region of the Chilean-Pampean flat slab(in northern Chile and north-western Argentina),at approximately 27°30’S,would be related to the subduction of the Copiapo aseismic *** analysis of the gravity anomalies and vertical gravity gradient allows inferring a deflection and truncation of the main trend of the Andean structures at the extrapolated zone of the Copiapo ridge beneath South ***,the general NNE-trend of the Andean structures are rotated locally to an ENE-strike within the area of the Ojos del Salado-san Buena Ventura *** explain that this anomalous behavior of the gravity derived anomalies is related to the deformational effects imprinted by the ridge *** with a low subduction angle(dehydration of the subducting *** addition,a higher degree of mantle melting could be produced by a thicker oceanic ***,we interpret that the processes associated to the subduction of the Copiapo aseismic ridge(emplaced on a thickened oceanic crust due to a local compensation of the seamounts)are the cause of formation and emplacement of big metallic mineral deposits in this region of Chile and Argentina.

关键词： Aseismic ridge Satellite gravity Ojos del Salado-san Buena Ventura lineament Metallic mineral deposits

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基于大语言模型的糖尿病管理:潜力与展望

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Science Bulletin 2024年第5期69卷 583-588页

作者：盛斌管洲榆 Lee-Ling Lim 江泽铧 Nestoras Mathioudakis 李佳佳刘茹涵包玉倩 Yong Mong Bee 王亚星郑颖丰 Gavin Siew Wei Tan 纪宏伟 Josip Car 王海波 David C.Klonoff 李华婷覃宇宗黄天荫贾伟平 Shanghai International Joint Laboratory of Intelligent Prevention and Treatment for Metabolic Diseases Department of Computer Science and EngineeringSchool of ElectronicInformationand Electrical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityDepartment of Endocrinology and MetabolismShanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai Diabetes InstituteShanghai Clinical Center for DiabetesShanghai 200240China MOE Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence Artificial Intelligence InstituteShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China department of Medicine Faculty of MedicineUniversity of MalayaKuala Lumpur 50603Malaysia department of Medicine and Therapeutics The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Asia Diabetes Foundation Hong KongChina Tsinghua Medicine of Tsinghua University Beijing 100084China School of Clinical Medicine Beijing Tsinghua Changgung HospitalBeijing 102218China Division of Endocrinology Diabetes&MetabolismJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMD 21211USA department of Endocrinology Singapore General HospitalSingapore 169608Singapore Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology Beijing Tongren HospitalCapital University of Medical ScienceBeijing Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Key LaboratoryBeijing 100730China State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology Zhongshan Ophthalmic CenterSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual ScienceGuangzhou 510060China Singapore Eye Research Institute Singapore National Eye CentreSingapore 168751Singapore department of Cardiology the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdao 266011China Centre for Population Health Sciences Lee Kong Chian School of MedicineNanyang Technological University SingaporeSingapore 639798Singapore department of Primary Care and Public Health School of Public HealthImperial College LondonLondon SW72BUUK Clinical Trial Unit Research Centre of Big Data and Artificial Intelligence in Medicine

The increasing prevalence of diabetes has become a global public health concern in the 21st *** 2021,it was estimated that 537 million people had diabetes,and this number is projected to reach 643 million by 2030,and 783 million by 2045[1].Such a huge burden of diabetes brings great challenges in its prevention and management,including early diagnosis,timely interventions,and regular monitoring of risk factor control and complications *** self-care support and patient empowerment can enhance clinical and psychobehavioural outcomes[2],although these require additional resources including manpower,infrastructure(hard and technology),and *** emergence of digital health technologies(DHTs),especially artificial intelligence(AI),may help address these obstacles and alleviate the burden of diabetes[3].Large language models(LLMs),a generative AI that can accept image and text inputs and produce text outputs,have shown promise in various aspects of medical care.

关键词： prevention diagnosis finance

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A flexible and scalable scheme for mixing computed formation energies from different levels of theory

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npj Computational Materials 2022年第1期8卷 1857-1867页

作者： Ryan S.Kingsbury Andrew S.Rosen Ayush S.Gupta Jason M.Munro Shyue Ping Ong Anubhav Jain Shyam Dwaraknath Matthew K.Horton Kristin A.Persson department of Materials Science and Engineering University of California BerkeleyBerkeleyCA94720USA Energy Technologies Area Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCA94720USA Materials Science Division Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCA94720USA Miller Institute for Basic Research in Science University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA94720USA University of California san Diego La JollaCA92093USA Molecular Foundry Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCA94720USA

Computational materials discovery efforts are enabled by large databases of properties derived from high-throughput density functional theory(DFT),which now contain millions of calculations at the generalized gradient approximation(GGA)level of *** is now feasible to carry out high-throughput calculations using more accurate methods,such as meta-GGA DFT;however recomputing an entire database with a higher-fidelity method would not effectively leverage the enormous investment of computational resources embodied in existing(GGA)***,we propose here a general procedure by which higher-fidelity,low-coverage calculations(e.g.,meta-GGA calculations for selected chemical systems)can be combined with lower-fidelity,high-coverage calculations(e.g.,an existing database of GGA calculations)in a robust and scalable *** then use legacy PBE(+U)GGA calculations and new r2SCAN meta-GGA calculations from the Materials Project database to demonstrate that our scheme improves solid and aqueous phase stability predictions,and discuss practical considerations for its implementation.

关键词： theory scheme theory

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Strike Point Control on EAST Using an Isoflux Control Method

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Plasma Science and Technology 2015年第9期17卷 774-780页

作者：邢哲肖炳甲罗正平 M.L.WALKER D.A.HUMPHREYS Institute of Plasma Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Nuclear Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of China general Atomics General Atomics Ct.San DiegoCA 92186USA

For the advanced tokamak,the particle deposition and thermal load on the divertor is a big *** moving the strike points on divertor target plates,the position of particle deposition and thermal load can be *** could adjust the Poloidal Field（PF） coil current to achieve the strike point position feedback *** isoflux control method,the strike point position can be controlled by controlling the X point *** the basis of experimental data,we establish relational expressions between X point position and strike point *** experiments are carried out to validate the correctness and robustness of the control *** strike point position is successfully controlled following our command in the EAST operation.

关键词： EAST plasma control system strike point control

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