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Retinal microvasculature is a potential biomarker for acute mountain sickness

Science China(Life Sciences) 2023年第6期66卷 1290-1302页

作者： Yuan Xie Diya Yang Alex S.Huang Yiquan Yang Ying Han Yunxiao Sun Kai Cao Huaizhou Wang Shizheng Wu Qiang Zhu Guozhong Wang Tianyi Wu Ningli Wang Beijing Tongren Eye Center Beijing Tongren HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Key LaboratoryBeijing100730China Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology Beijing Tongren HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing100005China The Viterbi Family department of Ophthalmology Shiley Eye InstituteUniversity of CaliforniaSan DiegoCA92121USA department of Ophthalmology University of CaliforniaSan FranciscoCA94143USA Institution of Geriatric Qinghai Provincial Hospital Xining810007China department of Ultrasound Beijing Tongren HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing100730China department of Hyperbaric and Hypobaric Chamber Civil Aviation General HospitalBeijing100025China national Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine China High Altitude Medical Research InstituteXining810012China

Increased cerebral blood flow resulting from altered capillary level autoregulation at high altitudes leads to capillary overperfusion and then vasogenic cerebral edema,which is the leading hypothesis of acute mountain sickness(AMS).However,studies on cerebral blood flow in AMS have been mostly restricted to gross cerebrovascular endpoints as opposed to the *** study aimed to investigate ocular microcirculation alterations,the only visualized capillaries in the central neural system(CNS),during early-stage AMS using a hypobaric *** study found that after high altitude simulation,the optic nerve showed retinal nerve fiber layer thickening(P=0.004–0.018)in some locations,and the area of the optic nerve subarachnoid space(P=0.004)*** coherence tomography angiography(OCTA)showed increased retinal radial peripapillary capillary(RPC)flow density(P=0.003–0.046),particularly on the nasal side of the *** AMSpositive group had the largest increases in RPC flow density in the nasal sector(AMS-positive,?3.21±2.37;AMS-negative,?0.01±2.16,P=0.004).Among multiple ocular changes,OCTA increase in RPC flow density was associated with simulated early-stage AMS symptoms(beta=0.222,95%CI,0.009–0.435,P=0.042).The area under the receiver operating characteristics curve(AUC)for the changes in RPC flow density to predict early-stage AMS outcomes was 0.882(95%CI,0.746–0.998).The results further confirmed that overperfusion of microvascular beds is the key pathophysiologic change in early-stage *** OCTA endpoints may serve as a rapid,noninvasive potential biomarker for CNS microvascular changes and AMS development during risk assessment of individuals at high altitudes.

关键词： optical coherence tomography angiography retinal microvasculature acute mountain sickness

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Edge localized modes suppression via edge E × B velocity shear induced by RF sheath of ion cyclotron resonance heating in EAST

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2022年第3期65卷 71-76页

作者： XinJun Zhang Chu Zhou XiaoLan Zou TianYang Xia YanLong Li ChengMing Qin XianZu Gong Qing Zang MingHui Li Tao Zhang ShouXin Wang HaiQing Liu Guillaume Urbanczyk Adi Liu YanMing Duan YanPing Zhao JinPing Qian Robert Isaac Pinsker MinYou Ye BaoNian Wan Institute of Plasma Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences(ASIPP)Hefei 230031China School of Nuclear Sciences and Technology University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China CEA IRFMSaint-Paul-les-Durance F-13108France Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic devices and Systems College of Physics and Optoelectronic EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China general Atomics San Diego CA 92186-5608USA

The control of large edge localized modes(ELMs) is a critical issue for the successful operation of future burning plasma devices,such as the international thermonuclear experimental reactor(ITER) and China fusion engineering test reactor(CFETR). In this paper, we present a new active and effective means of ELM suppression using ion cyclotron resonant heating(ICRH) on the experimental advanced superconducting tokamak(EAST). We obtained the key role of the external E × B velocity shear near the pedestal top and the scrape-off-layer(SOL) induced by the RF sheath potential of ICRH in ELM suppression. The experimental results showed a positive correlation between the RF sheath and the E × B shear rate in SOL. BOUT++ simulations indicate that increased E × B velocity shear rates in the pedestal and SOL regions promote ELM suppression;thereby, supporting the experimental observations on EAST. These findings suggest a new simple approach to access the ELM suppressed regimes in plasma with low torque input as ITER baseline discharges.

关键词： ion cyclotron resonant heating RF sheath edge localized mode suppression E×B velocity shear

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An Analytical Solution for Wave Transformation Over Axi-Symmetric Topography

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China Ocean Engineering 2019年第6期33卷 694-703页

作者： CUONG san Sieu CHANG Jen-Yi TSAI Chia-Cheng CHOU Wan-Rong aInstitute of Oceanography National Taiwan UniversityTaipei 10617China Tainan University of Technology Tainan 71002China department of Marine Environmental Engineering National Kaohsiung University of Science and TechnologyKaohsiung 81164China department of Marine Environment and Engineering National Sun Yat-Sen UniversityKaohsiung 80424China department of Hydraulic and Ocean Engineering National Cheng Kung UniversityTainan 701China

The present study considers wave scattering phenomena around a cylindrical island mounted on a general axisymmetric topography or a general submerged truncated axi-symmetric shoal based on the mild-slope equation. The method of separation of variables and Taylor series expansion are invoked to find the approximate solution to the variable water depth region which varies proportionally to an arbitrary power of radial distance. Validations against the solutions for the combined wave refraction and diffraction around a cylindrical island mounted on a paraboloidal shoal of Liu et al. in 2004 and the scattering and trapping of wave energy by a submerged truncated paraboloidal shoal of Lin and Liu in 2007 show excellent agreements as the power of radial distance being equal to two. For the solutions of wave refraction and diffraction around a cylindrical island mounted on a shoal with depth proportionally to an arbitrary power of radial distance, good agreements with Zhai et al.’s(2013) solutions are demonstrated. Since the robustness of the assumption of a general axi-symmetric geometry based on an arbitrary power variability of the radial distance, the present solution can be very conveniently employed to investigate the effects of bottom topography on wave scattering and trapping patterns.

关键词： general axi-symmetric topography mild-slope equation submerged truncated shoal wave refraction wave diffraction

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Food Safety and Antimicrobial Resistance an Approach to the Genus <i>Salmonella</i>spp.

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2017年第2期5卷 55-71页

作者： Alejandro de Jesú s Corté s-Sá nchez Raquel Garcia-Barrientos Hugo Minor-Pé rez Octavio Dublá n-Garcí a Alejandra L. san martin-Azocar Secretaria de Salud Comisi&oacute n Federal para la Protecció n contra Riesgos sanitarios Control Anal&iacute tico Departamento de Microbiolog&iacute a Calz. De Tlalpan 4492 Tlalpan Ciudad de M&eacute xico M&eacute xico Lab de Procesos Biotecnoló gicos Universidad Polit&eacute cnica de Tlaxcala Av. Universidad Polit&eacute cnica No. 1 San Pedro Xalcaltzinco Tepeyanco Tlaxcala M&eacute xico Divisió n de Ingenierí a Quí mica y Bioquí mica Tecnol&oacute gico de Estudios Superiores de Ecatepec Av. Tecnol&oacute gico s/n Esq. Av. Carlos Hank Gonzá lez (Av. Central) Col. Valle de An&aacute huac Ecatepec de Morelos Estado de M&eacute xico M&eacute xico Facultad de Quí mica Universidad Aut&oacute noma del Estado de Mé xico Avenida Paseo Tollocan S/N Toluca Estado de M&eacute xico M&eacute xico Instituto Tecnoló gico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey Escuela Superior de Ingenier&iacute a en Alimentos Biotecnolog&iacute a Agronom&iacute a. Av. Epigmenio Gonzá lez 500 Santiago de Quer&eacute taro M&eacute xico

Foodborne Illnesses (FI) are considered an important problem in public health for their high levels of morbidity and, in some cases, of mortality in Mexico and around the world. Different agents that cause Foodborne Illnesses, in which biological agents such as the genus Salmonella spp., are included, have been often associated with outbreaks. A continued effort has been observed in the food industry, in collaboration with sanitary authorities on a global scale, through the creation and continued improvement of different procedures to prevent the contamination by Salmonella, in which the elaboration of laboratory methodologies for the detection and isolation of this pathogen in foods and, in such manner, prevents the outbreak of illnesses. However, along with the aforementioned, it has been reported that a few years ago, the appearance of an ever-increasing number of strains of Salmonella spp., in foods with multi-drug resistance to antibiotics which are used in the treatment of its illness, results in a major emphasis on the health issue related to Foodborne Illnesses and, in particular, to those generated by factors of medical dependence such as the increase in recuperation time, costs, and reduction in the number of alternative pharmaceutical treatments. This work presents a general overview of FI, in which illnesses generated by bacteria of the genus Salmonella spp., their detection in a microbiological laboratory, as well as the phenomenon of resistance to antibiotics by these bacteria, and the current and difficult issue reported through different investigations all around the world, of the rise in this phenomenon and its importance in public health, are discussed.

关键词： Health Salmonellosis Salmonella Food Safety Antimicrobial Resistance

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Predictive modelling of ferroelectric tunnel junctions

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npj Computational Materials 2016年第1期2卷 150-162页

作者： Julian P Velev John D Burton Mikhail Ye Zhuravlev Evgeny Y Tsymbal department of Physics and Astronomy University of NebraskaLincolnNEUSA department of Physics and Astronomy University of Puerto RicoSan JuanPuerto RicoUSA Nebraska Center for Materials and Nanoscience University of NebraskaLincolnNEUSA Kurnakov Institute for general and Inorganic Chemistry Russian Academy of SciencesMoscowRussia Faculty of Liberal Arts and Sciences St Petersburg State UniversitySt PetersburgRussia

Ferroelectric tunnel junctions combine the phenomena of quantum-mechanical tunnelling and switchable spontaneous polarisation of a nanometre-thick ferroelectric film into novel device *** the ferroelectric barrier polarisation direction produces a sizable change in resistance of the junction—a phenomenon known as the tunnelling electroresistance *** a fundamental perspective,ferroelectric tunnel junctions and their version with ferromagnetic electrodes,i.e.,multiferroic tunnel junctions,are testbeds for studying the underlying mechanisms of tunnelling electroresistance as well as the interplay between electric and magnetic degrees of freedom and their effect on *** a practical perspective,ferroelectric tunnel junctions hold promise for disruptive device *** a very short time,they have traversed the path from basic model predictions to prototypes for novel non-volatile ferroelectric random access memories with non-destructive *** remarkable progress is to a large extent driven by a productive cycle of predictive modelling and innovative experimental *** this review article,we outline the development of the ferroelectric tunnel junction concept and the role of theoretical modelling in guiding experimental *** discuss a wide range of physical phenomena that control the functional properties of ferroelectric tunnel junctions and summarise the state-of-the-art achievements in the field.

关键词： ferroelectric tunnel resistance

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Scanning gate imaging of quantum point contacts and the origin of the 0.7 anomaly

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Nano Research 2015年第3期8卷 948-956页

作者： Andrea lagallo Nicola Paradiso Stefano Roddaro Christian Reichl Werner Wegscheider Giorgio Biasiol Lucia Sorba Fabio Beltram Stefan Heun national Enterprise for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (NEST) Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR and Scuola Normale Superiore Piazza San Silvestro 12 56127 Pisa Italy Istituto Offcina dei Materiali CNR Laboratorio TASC 34149 Trieste Italy Solid State Physics Laboratory ETH Zurich Schafmattstrasse 16 8093 Zurich Switzerland

The origin of the anomalous transport feature appearing at a conductance G 0.7× （2e2/h） in quasi-lD ballistic devices-the so-called 0.7 anomaly-represents a long standing puzzle. Several mechanisms have been proposed to explain it, but a general consensus has not been achieved. Proposed explanations have been based on quantum interference, the Kondo effect, Wigner crystallization, and other phenomena. A key open issue is whether the point defects that can occur in these low-dimensional devices are the physical cause behind this conductance anomaly. Here we adopt a scanning gate microscopy technique to map individual impurity positions in several quasi-lD constrictions and correlate these with conductance characteristics. Our data demonstrate that the 0.7 anomaly can be observed irrespective of the presence of localized defects, and we conclude that the 0.7 anomaly is a fundamental property of low-dimensional systems.

关键词： two-dimensional electrongas (2-deG) scanning gate microscopy 0.7 anomaly

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Modeling of Stochastic Magnetic Perturbation by RWMEF-Coils on NSTX

Southwestern Institute of Physics Annual Report

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Southwestern Institute of Physics Annual Report 2005年第1期 165-168页

作者： YAN Longwen T.E. Evans S. M. Kaye R. Maingi 不详 general Atomics P. O. Box 85608 San Diego CA 92697 USA Plasma Physics Laboratory Princeton University Princeton NJ 08543 USA Oak Ridge national Laboratory Oak Ridge TN 37831 USA

A 3-D field line integration code, TRIP3D has been modified to model stochastic magnetic perturbation produced by a resistive wall mode, error field （ RWMEF ） coil in the NSTX tokamak with very low aspect ratio. The RWMEF-coil has two turns, which may produce stochastic fields with the toroidal mode number of n = 1 or 3. In this study, it is found that the stochastic field of n = 3 is larger than that of n=-1 for the same coil current. Two divertor discharges with lower single null （ LSN ） and double null （ DN ） configurations in the NSTX have been modeled with different RWMEF-coil currents and toroidal modes.

关键词： Stochastic magnetic perturbation RWMEF coil 3-D trace

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Phase Ⅱ trial of CDK4/6 inhibitor palbociclib in advanced sarcoma based on mRNA expression of CDK4/CDKN2A

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2023年第11期8卷 5518-5527页

作者： Javier martin-Broto Jeronimo martinez-Garcia David SMoura Andres Redondo Antonio Gutierrez Antonio Lopez-Pousa Javier martinez-Trufero Isabel Sevilla Roberto Diaz-Beveridge Maria Pilar Solis-Hernandez Amancio Carnero Marco Perez David Marcilla Jesus Garcia-Foncillas Pablo Romero Javier Fernandez-Jara Daniel Lopez-Lopez Ivan Arribas Nadia Hindi Health Research Institute-Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital Universidad Autónoma de Madrid(IIS-FJDUAM)28040MadridSpain Medical Oncology department Fundación Jimenez Diaz University Hospital28040MadridSpain general de Villalba University Hospital 28400MadridSpain Medical Oncology department University Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca30120MurciaSpain department of Medical Oncology Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPAZP.Castellana26128046MadridSpain Hematology department University Hospital Son Espases07120MallorcaSpain Medical Oncology department Sant Pau Hospital08025BarcelonaSpain Medical Oncology department University Hospital Miguel Servet50009ZaragozaSpain Investigación Clínica y Traslacional en Cáncer/Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Malaga(IBIMA)/Hospitales Universitarios Regional y Virgen de la Victoria de Malaga MalagaSpain Medical Oncology department Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe46026ValenciaSpain Medical Oncology department Central University Hospital of Asturias33011OviedoSpain Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla(IBiS HUVRCSICUS)41013SevillaSpain Pathology department Virgen del Rocio University Hospital41013SevillaSpain Radiology department Fundación Jimenez Diaz University Hospital28040MadridSpain Computational Medicine Platform Fundación progreso y salud(FPS)Hospital Virgen del Rocío41013SevilleSpain Bioinformatics in Rare Diseases(BiER).Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras(CIBERER) FPSHospital Virgen del RocioSevillaSpain Universitat de València-ERI-CES 46010ValenciaSpain

Cyclin-dependent kinases 4 and 6(CDK4/6)inhibitors demonstrated activity in terms of progression-free survival(PFS)in advanced dedifferentiated liposarcoma(DD-LPS),a sarcoma with CDK4 ***4 overexpression is by far more common than amplification in sarcomas and it might be a rational target for CDK *** investigators of this study found that CDK4 overexpression,while not of CDKN2A,was the most consistent predictive factor for palbociclib efficacy in *** adult-type soft-tissue sarcoma,excluding DD-LPS,or bone sarcoma patients,progressing after at least one systemic line,whose tumors overexpressed CDK4,but not CDKN2A at baseline biopsy,were accrued in this single-arm phase II trial(EudraCT number:2016-004039-19).With the main endpoint of a 6-month PFS rate,40%was considered promising in this *** was administered orally at 125 mg/day for 21 days in 28-day cycles.A total of 214 patients with 236 CDK4/CDKN2A determinations were assessed for prescreening,archival material(141),and screening,baseline biopsy(95).There were 28(29%)with favorable mRNA profiles from 95 screened patients at *** 23 enrolled patients,21 evaluable,the 6-month PFS rate was 29%(95%CI 9–48),and there were 6 patients out of 21 with a PFS longer than 6 *** median PFS and overall survival were 4.2(95%CI 3.6–4.8)and 12(95%CI 8.7–15.4)months,*** research showed a significant correlation between CDK4 mRNA and protein *** was active in a variety of sarcoma subtypes,selected by CDK4/CDKN2A,and deserves further investigation in the sarcoma context.

关键词： CDKN2A sarcoma CDK4

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Continental drift, plateau uplift, and the evolutions of monsoon and arid regions in Asia, Africa, and Australia during the Cenozoic

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Science China Earth Sciences 2019年第7期62卷 1053-1075页

作者： Xiaodong LIU Buwen DONG Zhi-Yong YIN Robin S.SMITH Qingchun GUO State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology Institute of Earth EnvironmentChinese Academy of Sciences CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences College of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences national Centre for Atmospheric Science University of Reading department of Environmental & Ocean Sciences University of San Diego School of Environment and Planning Liaocheng University

Monsoon and arid regions in the Asia-Africa-Australia(A-A-A) realm occupy more than 60% of the total area of these continents. Geological evidence showed that significant changes occurred to the A-A-A environments of the monsoon and arid regions, the land-ocean configuration in the Eastern Hemisphere, and the topography of the Tibetan Plateau(TP) in the Cenozoic. Motivated by this background, numerical experiments for 5 typical geological periods during the Cenozoic were conducted using a coupled ocean-atmosphere general circulation model to systemically explore the formations and evolutionary histories of the Cenozoic A-A-A monsoon and arid regions under the influences of continental drift and plateau uplift. Results of the numerical experiments indicate that the timings and causes of the formations of monsoon and arid regions in the A-A-A realm were very different. The northern and southern African monsoons existed during the mid-Paleocene, while the South Asian monsoon appeared in the Eocene after the Indian Subcontinent moved into the tropical Northern Hemisphere. In contrast, the East Asian monsoon and northern Australian monsoon were established much later in the Miocene. The establishment of the tropical monsoons in northern and southern Africa, South Asia, and Australia were determined by both the continental drift and seasonal migration of the Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone(ITCZ), while the position and height of the TP were the key factor for the establishment of the East Asian monsoon. The presence of the subtropical arid regions in northern and southern Africa,Asia, and Australia depended on the positions of the continents and the control of the planetary scale subtropical high pressure zones, while the arid regions in the Arabian Peninsula and West Asia were closely related to the retreat of the Paratethys Sea. The formation of the mid-latitude arid region in the Asian interior, on the other hand, was the consequence of the uplift of the *** resul

关键词： Cenozoic Monsoon region Arid region Continental drift Tibetan Plateau uplift Climate simulation

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national Inventory of Mercury Release into Different Environmental Sectors Estimated by United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) Toolkit in Costa Rica

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Open Journal of Air Pollution 2017年第2期6卷 76-92页

作者： Aguilar Maria Mora Jose Sibaja Jose Valdés Juan Zabala Walter Chemistry Atmospheric Laboratory Department of Chemistry National University of Costa Rica Heredia Costa Rica national Institute of Environmental and Energy (MINAET) San José Costa Rica

This paper summarizes the national inventory of mercury released into all environmental sectors (air, water, land, impurity in products, general wastes and sector specific treatment/disposal) for the year 2008 in the country of Costa Rica, using the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) mercury toolkit. The data collection about the input and output of mercury for the year 2008, was carried out during the years 2014 and 2015. The data used for estimation are mainly obtained from the Costa Rican Government’s official publications. The research was developed in order to create a national inventory of mercury releases into all environmental sectors in order to aid mercury management in Costa Rica. Total input and output of mercury, distribution into different environmental sectors, major contributions by mercury sources (“steps” “categories” and “subcategories”) are discussed. The standard estimation of total mercury input is 7174.00 kg/year. The biggest mercury input are “waste treatment and recycling” (3086.00 kg Hg, 43.17%) and “general consumption of mercury in products, as metal mercury and as mercury containing substances” (3189.00 kg Hg, 44.62%). The total mercury released is 31,689.29 kg/year. The biggest emission of mercury corresponds to the source “waste treatment and recycling” (28,359.29 kg/year, 89.49%). The “air” is the main impacted environmental sector due the different mercury inputs. A total of 28,155.60 kg/year (88.55%) is released in this media. Only 1635.10 kg/year (5.16%) of the total mercury emissions is deposited in the environmental sector named “general waste”. The rest of the environmental sectors evaluated are impacted with less of 3.00% of the total mercury released.

关键词： Costa Rica Mercury Enviromental Sectors Air Wastes Input Output UNEP Toolkit

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