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The Conditional Heterocedasticity on the Argentine Inflation. An Analysis for the Period from 1943 to 2013

Journal of Mathematics and System Science 2017年第10期7卷 269-277页

作者： Juan Carlos Abril Maria de Las Mercedes Abril universidad nacional de tucumcin Facultad de Ciencias Economicas and Consejo Nacional de lnvestigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas (CONICET). Tucuman. Argentina.

Numerous economic time series do not have a constant mean and in practical situations, we often see that the variance of observational error is subject to a substantial variability over time. This phenomenon is known as volatility. To take into account the presence of volatility in an economic series, it is necessary to resort to models known as conditional heteroscedastic models. In these models, the variance of a series at a given time point depends on past information and other data available up to that time point, so that a conditional variance must be defined, which is not constant and does not coincides with the overall variance of the observed series. There is a very large variety of nonlinear models in the literature, which are useful for the analysis of any economic time series with volatility, but we will focus in analyzing our series of interest using ARCH type models introduced by Engle （1982） and their extensions. These models are non-linear in terms of variance. Our objective will be the study of the monthly inflation data of Argentina for the period from January 1943 to december 2013. The data is officially published by the National Institute of Statistics and Censuses （or INdeC as it is known in Argentina）. Although it is a very long period in which various changes and interventions took place, it can be seen that certain general patterns of behavior have persisted over time, which allows us to admit that the study can be appropriately based on available information.

关键词： Inflation heterocedasticity volatility time series.

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Structural and Vibrational Study of 2-（Quinolin-8-yloxy）-Acetic Acid based on FT-IR-Raman Spectroscopy and DFT Calculations

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Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering 2011年第8期5卷 747-758页

作者： Gerardo R. Arganaraz Elida Romano Juan Zinczuk Silvia A. Brandan Catedra de Quimica General. Instituto de Quimica Inorganiea. Faeultad de Bioquimica Quimica y Farmacia. Universidad Nacional de Tucuman. Ayacucho 471. 4000. San Miguel de Tucuman. Tucumcin. R. Argentina Instituto de Qulmica Rosario （CONICET-UNR） Facultad de Ciencias Bioquimicas y Farmacduticas Suipacha 531 2000 Rosario Santa Fe. R. Argentina

We have prepared the 2-（quinolin-8-yloxy）-acetic acid and characterized it by infrared and Raman spectroscopies in the solid phase. The density Functional Theory （DFT） method, together with the 6-31G^＊ and 6-311＋＋ G^＊＊ basis sets, show that three stable molecules, for the anhydrous and monohydrated compounds were theoretically determined in the gas phase, and that probably the two more stable conformations are present in the solid phase of the monohydrated compound. The harmonic vibrational wavenumbers for the optimized geometries were calculated at B3LYP/6-31G^＊and B3LYP/6-311＋＋G^＊＊ levels. For a complete assignment of all the observed bands in the vibrational spectra the DFT calculations were combined with Pulay＇s scaled quantum mechanical force field （SQMFF） methodology in order to fit the theoretical Wavenumber values to the experimental ones. The characteristics of the electronic delocalization of all structures of both forms were performed by using natural bond orbital （NBO）, while the corresponding topological properties of electronic charge density are analysed by employing Bader＇s atoms in molecules theory （AIM）.

关键词： 2-(Quinolin-8-yloxy)-acetic acid vibrational spectra molecular structure force field DFT calculations

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