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Effects of firewood harvesting intensity on biodiversity and ecosystem services in shrublands of northern Patagonia

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Forest Ecosystems 2020年第4期7卷 621-634页

作者： Matías G.Goldenberg Facundo J.Oddi Juan H.Gowda Lucas A.Garibaldi universidad nacional de Río negro Instituto de Investigaciones en Recursos NaturalesAgroecología y Desarrollo RuralSan Carlos de BarilocheRío NegroArgentina. Consejo nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas Instituto de Investigaciones en Recursos NaturalesAgroecología y Desarrollo RuralSan Carlos de BarilocheRío NegroArgentina. Laboratorio Ecotono INIBIOMACONICET-Universidad Nacional del ComahueSan Carlos de BarilocheRío NegroArgentina.

Background: Forest management has historically focused on provisioning of goods (e.g. timber, biomass), butthere is an increasing interest to manage forests also to maintain biodiversity and to provide other ecosystemservices (ES).Methods: We evaluated the effects of firewood harvesting intensity on biodiversity and different ES in threecontrasting shrubland sites in northern Patagonia (Argentina). At each site, four harvesting treatments, representingvarious levels of harvest intensity, were randomly assigned to eight permanent sample plots of 31.5m× 45 mduring 2013–***: We found that the effects of increasing harvesting intensity on plant diversity changed from negative topositive (and from nonlinear to more linear responses) with increasing site productivity. Harvesting intensityshowed contrasting effects on variables related to fire protection ecosystem service, since it reduced fuel amount(potentially reducing fire spread) but also reduced live fuel moisture content (potentially increasing flammability) atthe three sites. Two variables related to soil formation and protection ES, leaf litter cover and aerial soil cover,decreased with harvesting intensity at the three ***: We conclude that shrubland management for firewood production may enhance biodiversity withoutcompromising certain important ES. The intensity of harvesting should be determined according to site conditionsand forecasted impacts on biodiversity, fire and soil formation and protection.

关键词： Temperate forest ecosystems Disturbance intensity Plant diversity Ecosystem services

DnA metabarcoding reveals seasonal changes in diet composition across four arthropod-eating lizard species(Phrynosomatidae:Sceloporus)

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Integrative Zoology 2024年第3期19卷 480-495页

作者： Mauricio HERnÁndeZ Stephanie HEREIRA-PACHECO Antton ALBERDI Aníbal H.DÍAZ de LA VEGA-PÉREZ Arturo ESTRADA-TORRES Sergio AnCOnA Yendi E.nAVARRO-nOYA Doctorado en Ciencias Biológicas Centro Tlaxcala de Biología de la ConductaUniversidad Autónoma de TlaxcalaTlaxcalaMexico Estación Científica La Malinche Centro Tlaxcala de Biología de la ConductaUniversidad Autónoma de TlaxcalaTlaxcalaMexico Center for Evolutionary Hologenomics The Globe InstituteUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark Consejo nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología-Centro Tlaxcala de Biología de la Conducta Universidad Autónoma de TlaxcalaTlaxcalaMexico departamento de Ecología Evolutiva Instituto de EcologíaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoMexico CityMexico Laboratorio de Interacciones Bióticas Centro de Investigación en Ciencias BiológicasUniversidad Autónoma de TlaxcalaSan Felipe IxtacuixtlaTlaxcalaMexico

Diet composition and its ecological drivers are rarely investigated in coexisting closely related *** used a molecular approach to characterize the seasonal variation in diet composition in four spiny lizard species inhabiting a mountainous *** metabarcoding revealed that the lizards Sceloporus aeneus,***,***,and *** mostly consumed arthropods of the orders Hemiptera,Araneae,Hymenoptera,and *** terrestrial lizards *** and *** mostly predated ants and spiders,whereas the arboreal–saxicolous *** and saxicolous *** largely consumed grasshoppers and *** taxonomic and phylogenetic diversity of the prey was higher during the dry season than the rainy season,likely because reduced prey availability in the dry season forced lizards to diversify their diets to meet their nutritional *** and phylogenetic composition varied seasonally depending on the species,but only dietary composition varied with *** dietary turnover was greater in *** than in ***,suggesting site-specific seasonal variability in prey availability;no other differences among species were ***,which lives at the highest altitude in our study site,displayed interseasonal variation in diet *** differences were correlated with the species’feeding strategies and elevational distribution,which likely contributed to the coexistence of these lizard species in the studied geographic area and beyond.

关键词： arthropod-eating lizards diet breadth environmental barcoding mountainous ecosystem seasonal dietary shifts

Patch isolation and shape predict plant functional diversity in a naturally fragmented forest

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2018年第1期11卷 136-146页

作者： Amaranta Arellano-Rivas J.Arturo de-nova Miguel A.Munguía-Rosas Instituto de Investigación de Zonas desérticas Universidad Autónoma de San Luís PotosíSan Luis Potosí78377México Laboratorio de Ecología Terrestre Departamento de Ecología HumanaCentro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional(CINVESTAV)Mérida 97310México Facultad de Agronomía Universidad Autónoma de San Luís PotosíSan Luis Potosí78321México

Aims It is known that taxonomic diversity can be predicted by the spatial configuration of the habitat,in particular by its area and degree of ***,taxonomic diversity is a poor predictor of ecosystem *** functional diversity is strongly linked to the func-tionality and stability of ecosystems,little is known about how changes in the spatial configuration of the habitat affect functional *** this study,we evaluated whether the spatial configuration of forest patches predicts the functional diversity of plants in a fragmented *** Five functional leaf traits(leaf dry matter content,leaf punch force,specific leaf area,leaf size and leaf thickness)were measured for 23 dominant plant species in 20 forest patches in a naturally fragmented forest on the yucatan ***-weighted multivariate and individual trait metrics of functional diversity were calculated and cor-related with size,degree of isolation and the shape of forest *** Findings Patch shape was negatively correlated with multivariate and individ-ual trait(leaf dry matter content and leaf size)metrics of functional *** isolation measures were also negatively correlated with individual trait(leaf dry matter content,leaf punch force and leaf size)metrics of functional *** other words,greater patch shape irregularity and isolation degree impoverish plant func-tional *** is the first report of the negative effects of patch shape irregularity and isolation on the functional diversity of plant communities in a forest that has been fragmented for a long time.

关键词： forest fragmentation functional diversity habitat spatial configuration petenes yucatan

Insights into the structural biology of G-protein coupled receptors impacts drug design for central nervous system neurodegenerative processes

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neural Regeneration Research 2013年第24期8卷 2290-2302页

作者： Farfán-García Eunice Dalet Trujillo-Ferrara José Guadalupe Castillo-Hernández María del Carmen Guerra-Araiza Christian Humberto Soriano-Ursúa Marvin Antonio Escuela Superior de Medicina Instituto Politécnico Nacional. Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón s/n Col. Casco de Santo Tomas

In the last few years, there have been important new insights into the structural biology of G-protein coupled receptors. It is now known that allosteric binding sites are involved in the affinity and selec- tivity of ligands for G-protein coupled receptors, and that signaling by these receptors involves both G-protein dependent and independent pathways. The present review outlines the physiological and pharmacological implications of this perspective for the design of new drugs to treat disorders of the central nervous system. Specifically, new possibilities are explored in relation to allosteric and or- thosteric binding sites on dopamine receptors for the treatment of Parkinson＇s disease, and on muscarinic receptors for Alzheimer＇s disease. Future research can seek to identify ligands that can bind to more than one site on the same receptor, or simultaneously bind to two receptors and form a dimer. For example, the design of bivalent drugs that can reach homo/hetero-dimers of D2 dopa- mine receptor holds promise as a relevant therapeutic strategy for Parkinson＇s disease. Regarding the treatment of Alzheimer＇s disease, the design of dualsteric ligands for mono-oligomeric mus- carinic receptors could increase therapeutic effectiveness by generating potent compounds that could activate more than one signaling pathway.

关键词： neural regeneration G-Protein coupled receptors structural biology drug design neurodegenera-tive disorders , oligomedzation biased signaling Parkinson's disease Alzheimer's disease dopa-mine receptors muscarinic receptors grants-supported paper neuroregeneration

A comprehensive review of genetic causes of obesity

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第1期20卷 26-39页

作者： Marcio Jose Concepcion-Zavaleta Juan Eduardo Quiroz-Aldave Maria del Carmen Durand-Vasquez Elman Rolando Gamarra-Osorio Juan del Carmen Valencia de la Cruz Claudia Mercedes Barrueto-Callirgos Susan Luciana Puelles-Leon Elena de Jesus Alvarado-Leon Frans Leiva-Cabrera Francisca Elena Zavaleta-Gutierrez Luis Alberto Concepcion-Urteaga Jose Paz-Ibarra universidad Cientifica del Sur Bolivar 2150 AvenuePueblo Libre15084LimaPeru Division of Medicine Hospital de Apoyo ChepénChepenPeru Division of Family Medicine Hospital de Apoyo ChepénChepenPeru Division of Endocrinology Hospital Victor Lazarte EchegarayTrujilloPeru Division of Pediatrics Hospital de Apoyo ChepenChepenPeru Division of Internal Medicine Hospital de Apoyo ChepenChepenPeru Division of Genetics Universidad Nacional de TrujilloTrujilloPeru Division of neonatology Hospital Belen de TrujilloTrujilloPeru Division of Internal Medicine Universidad Nacional de TrujilloTrujilloPeru department of Medicine School of MedicineUniversidad Nacional Mayor de San MarcosLimaPeru

Background Obesity is a multifactorial chronic disease with a high,increasing worldwide *** causes account for 7%of the cases in children with extreme *** sources This narrative review was conducted by searching for papers published in the PubMed/MEDLInE,Embase and SciELO databases and included 161 *** search used the following search terms:"obesity","obesity and genetics","leptin","Prader-Willi syndrome",and"melanocortins".The types of studies included were systematic reviews,clinical trials,prospective cohort studies,cross-sectional and prospective studies,narrative reviews,and case *** The leptin-melanocortin pathway is primarily responsible for the regulation of appetite and body ***,several important aspects of the pathophysiology of obesity remain *** causes of obesity can be grouped into syndromic,monogenic,and polygenic causes and should be assessed in children with extreme obesity before the age of 5 years,hyperphagia,or a family history of extreme obesity.A microarray study,an analysis of the melanocortin type 4 receptor gene mutations and leptin levels should be performed for this *** are three therapeutic levels:lifestyle modifications,pharmacological treatment,and bariatric *** Genetic study technologies are in constant development;however,we are still far from having a personalized approach to genetic causes of obesity.A significant proportion of the affected individuals are associated with genetic causes;however,there are still barriers to its approach,as it continues to be underdiagnosed.

关键词： Leptin Melanocortin Obesity Prader-Willi syndrome Precision medicine

Conifer establishment after the eruption of the Paricutin volcano in central Mexico

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Forest Ecosystems 2022年第1期9卷 71-82页

作者： Jesús Eduardo Sáenz-Ceja Blanca Lizeth Sáenz-Ceja J.Trinidad Sáenz-Reyes Diego Rafael Pérez-Salicrup Instituto de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas y Sustentabilidad Universidad Nacional Autéonoma de MéxicoAntigua Carretera a Patzcuaro 8701 Col.Ex hacienda San Joséde la Huerta58190MoreliaMexico Escuela nacional de Estudios Superiores Unidad Morelia Universidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoAntigua Carretera a Patzcuaro 8701 Col.Ex hacienda San Joséde la Huerta58190MoreliaMexico Instituto nacional de Investigaciones Forestales Agrícolas y PecuariasCampo Experimental UruapanAv.Latinoamericana 1101Col.Revolución60500UruapanMexico

Background:Volcanic eruptions have large effects on forest ecosystems and create new substrates,triggering primary succession *** Paricutín volcano,born in central-western Mexico,erupted between 1943 and *** the cessation of the eruptive activity,plant colonization began on the lava flows and tephra deposits,including the conifer species that dominate the surrounding mature *** study aims to reconstruct the history of the establishment of conifer trees on the substrates created by the Paricutín ***:16 sampling plots were established along three transects with northern,southern,and south-western aspects,located every 250 m from the preserved forest to the volcanic *** cores from 400 conifer trees were extracted and their age was determined by cross-dating annual tree *** order of the species colonization and the tree establishment,abundance,and dominance patterns were ***,the influence of the distance from the mature forests and the inter-annual climatic conditions on the temporal tree establishment pattern was ***:Eight pine and one fir species have been established since 1970,only 18 years after the end of the eruptive ***,tree establishment increased by 12.9%annually after 1995,with the youngest tree in our sample getting established in *** did not find a well-defined temporal and spatial pattern of species arrival,which suggests that colonization occurred randomly,although the four pine species that were established early became the most abundant and *** establishment was not influenced by the distance from the mature forest,and wet inter-annual conditions did not enhance pulses of tree recruitment,exhibiting a continuous tree establishment ***:Conifer species have shown a great capacity for colonizing volcanic substrates created by the Paricutín eruption,which suggests that tropical montane conifers can regenerate rapidly under high-magni

关键词： Age structure dendrochronology Lava flow Primary succession Tropical montane forest

Diurnal dependence of Growth Responses to Shade in Arabidopsis： Role of Hormone, Clock, and Light Signaling

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Molecular Plant 2012年第3期5卷 619-628页

作者： Romina Sellaro Manuel Pacin Jorge J. Casal IFEVA Facultad de Agronomia Universidad de Buenos Aires and Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Te＇cnicas Av. San Martin 4453 1417 Buenos Aires Argentina

We investigated the diurnal dependence of the hypocotyl-growth responses to shade under sunlight-night cycles in Arabidopsis thaliana. Afternoon shade events promoted hypocotyl growth, while morning shade was ineffective. The Ihy-D, elf3, lux, pif4 pifS, tocl, and quadruple della mutants retained the response to afternoon shade and the lack of response to morning shade while the Ihyccal mutant responded to both morning and afternoon shade. ThephyB mutant, plants overexpressing the multidrug resistance-like membrane protein ABCB19, and the iaa17/axr3 loss-of-function mutant failed to respond to shade. Transient exposure of sunlight-grown seedlings to synthetic auxin in the afternoon caused a stronger promotion of hypocotyl growth than morning treatments. The promotion of hypocotyl growth by afternoon shade or afternoon auxin required light perceived by phytochrome A or cryptochromes during the previous hours of the photoperiod. Although the ELF4-ELF3-LUX complex, PIF4, PIF5, and deLLA are key players in the generation of diurnal hypocotyl-growth patterns, they exert a minor role in the control of the diurnal pattern of growth responses to shade. We conclude that the strong diurnal dependency of hypocotyl-growth responses to shade relates to the balance between the antagonistic actions of LHY-CCA1 and a light-derived signal.

关键词： shade avoidance hypocotyl growth diurnal auxin LHY CCA1 PIF3 PIF4 PIF5 ELF3 LUX deLLA circadian clock

Experimental approaches to select tree species for forest restoration:effects of light,water availability and interspecific competition in degraded areas

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Journal of Forestry Research 2022年第4期33卷 1197-1207页

作者： Johanna Croce Ernesto I.Badano Carolina B.Trigo Fernanda Martinez-Galvez Andrés Tálamo Laboratorio de Ecología Aplicada a la Conservación Instituto de Bio y Geociencias del Noroeste ArgentinoConsejo de Investigaciones Científi cas y Técnicas-Universidad Nacional de SaltaAvenida Bolivia 51504400 SaltaArgentina IPICYT/División de Ciencias Ambientales Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científi ca y TecnológicaCamino a la Presa San José2055Colonia Lomas 4^(a)Sección78216 San Luis PotosíMéxico

Knowing what native trees can recr uit on degraded areas allows selecting the best species to restore these ***,as this information is not often available,experimentation is required before large-scale *** study used ex situ experiments to make these decisions on *** with r-strategist plants,excessive solar radiation and water shortage commonly impair tree recruitment in open *** experiments focused on the interactions among these factors and were conducted with three pioneer species from seasonally dry forests of northwest Argentina,Anadenanthera colubrina,Ceiba chodatii and Jacaranda *** of each species were sown at two light levels(sunlight/shade),two rainfall levels(full/reduced)and two levels of interspecific competition(with/without competitor)in a tree *** emergence and survival were monitored over a year and the results indicate that species differentially respond to varying levels of light and *** of *** tolerated water shortages under elevated solar radiation,which are desirable features for forest *** of *** tolerated shade and drought,suggesting that they require shading for establishing in open ***,*** seedlings neither tolerated full sunlight nor water shortages,suggesting that this species requires shading and regular watering if used in *** of the effects of light and water,the survival of all species was reduced by interspecific *** results highlight the importance of experimentation for selecting the best species for forest restoration and can enhance the cost/benefit ratios of these actions.

关键词： Common-garden experiments Drought Ecological restoration Interspecific competition Seedling survival Shade

Movement initiation of millimeter particles on a rotating rough surface: The role of adhesion

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Particuology 2020年第6期18卷 92-99页

作者： Karina de los Angeles Valenzuela Aracena Rodolfo O.Unac Irene Ippolito Ana M.Vidales InFAP CONICETDepartamento de FisicaFacultad de Ciencias Fisico Matematicas y NaturalesUniversidad Nacional de San LuisEjercito de los Andes 950D5700HHWSan LuisArgentina universidad de Buenos Aires Facultad de IngenieriaGrupo de Medios PorososPaseo Colon 850C1063ACV Buenos AiresArgentina

We performed experiments to determine the critical moment for movement initiation of a millimeter bead on a rotating rough *** corresponding critical angular velocities were measured for glass and stainless-steel ball bearings over two different rough surfaces with glued glass beads.A basic theoretical analysis was developed to explain the observed *** the expectation of a simple approach with the presence of the obstacles offered by a rough surface could be sufficient to describe the problem,we prove here that the sole con sideration of these obstacles,and even friction,are insufficient to explain the results in the range of a few-millimeter glass *** the thermodynamic work of adhesion between surfaces is significant,the adhesion forces must be considered in the force balance for particle detachment:.This effect is a determinant for describing theoretically and numerically the dynamics of millimeter particles.

关键词： detachment Adhesion Centrifugation