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Performance of Phragmites Australis and Cyperus Papyrus in the treatment of municipal wastewater by vertical flow subsurface constructed wetlands

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2019年第3期7卷 286-296页

作者： Fernando García-(A)vila Jhanina Pati(n)o-Chávez Fanny Zhinín-Chimbo Silvana Donoso-Moscoso Lisveth Flores del Pino Alex Avilés-A(n)azco Facultad de Ciencias Químicas Universidad de CuencaCuenca010107Ecuador Facultad de Ciencias Universidad Nacional Agraria La MolinaLima12175Peru

The use of constructed wetlands to treat municipal wastewater reduces energy consumption and therefore economic costs,as well as reduces environmental *** purpose of this study was to compare the purification capacity of domestic wastewater using two species of plants sown in subsurface constructed wetlands with vertical flow built on a small scale that received municipal wastewater with primary *** species used were Phragmites Australis and Cyperus *** this purpose,a constant flow of 0.6 m3 day-1 was fed from the primary lagoon to each of the two wetlands built on a pilot scale with continuous *** unit was filled with granite gravel in the lower part and with silicic sand in the upper part of different granulometry,the porosity of the medium was 0.34,with a retention time of 1.12 days and a hydraulic load rate of 0.2 m *** analyze the purification capacity of wastewater,physical,chemical and biological parameters were monitored during three *** were taken at the entrance and exit in each experimental *** results obtained in the experimental tests for the two species of plants,indicated that the Cyperus Papyrus presented a greater capacity of pollutants removal as biochemical oxygen demand (80.69%),chemical oxygen demand (69.87%),ammoniacal nitrogen (69.69%),total phosphorus (50%),total coliforms (98.08%) and fecal coliforms (95.61%).In the case of Phragmites Australis retains more *** species with greater efficiency in the treatment of municipal wastewater for this study was Cyperus Papyrus.

关键词： Constructed wetland Fitorremediacion Macrophytes Nutrients Wastewater treatment

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Genetic diversity and relatedness inferred from microsatellite loci as a tool for broodstock management of fine flounder Paralichthys adspersus

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2022年第6期7卷 664-674页

作者： Julissa J.Sanchez-Velasquez Percy N.Pinedo-Bernal Lorenzo E.Reyes-Flores Carmen Yzasiga-Barrera Eliana Zelada-Mazmela laboratory of Genetics Physiologyand ReproductionFaculty of SciencesUniversidad Nacional del SantaAv Universitaria s/nNuevo Chimbote02712Peru laboratory of Mycology and Biotechnology Universidad Nacional Agraria La MolinaAv.La Molina s/nLima12056Peru

Paralichthys adspersus is a native species from the Pacific coast of South America that is of great economic importance for Peruvian *** though establishing sustainable farming depends on avoiding irreversible damage to the population gene pool due to processes such as inbreeding,studies focusing on genetically characterizing farmed stocks are yet to be *** using ten microsatellite loci on captive and wild individuals of ***,we successfully characterized the only commercial broodstock of this species in Peru by means of determining the genetic diversity and inferring *** most microsatellite loci showed deviations from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium,the genetic diversity levels in the commercial broodstock were considered healthy compared to those obtained for a wild population,with an average number of alleles of 17.40,an effective number of alleles of 9.14,and an observed and expected heterozygosity of 0.49 and *** significant differences between the broodstock and the wild population in terms of genetic diversity were *** fixation index and analysis of molecular variance also indicated a low rate of differentiation between both *** relatedness estimation,the analysis based on five method-of-moment estimators and a maximum-likelihood estimator showed the category“unrelated”as being the most probable relationship among the individuals within the commercial *** findings reveal the conservation of genetic diversity in this population and outline potential breeding strategies that hatchery managers could use to minimize the loss of genetic diversity and long-term *** could help establish proper genetic management in captive populations of *** and should apply to other captive stocks where pedigree information is lacking.

关键词： Fine flounder Genetic diversity Microsatellites Paralichthys adspersus Relatedness

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Prediction Equation of Body Weight of Amazonian Manatee (Trichechus inunguis) Calves in Captivity Using Biometry

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Natural Science 2017年第5期9卷 123-132页

作者： Pierina Mendoza Darwin Loja Rony Riveros Carlos Vilchez universidad nacional agraria la molina Lima Perú universidad nacional de la Amazonía Peruana Iquitos Perú

The objective of the study was to determine a prediction equation of body weight of Amazonian manatee calves in captivity using their biometry. It was conducted out with 7 calves (4 males and 3 females) of approximately 8 months of age and average body weight of 29.94 ± 0.055 kg, arranged in pools of sufficient size. Biometry and weighing were performed periodically, with the following measurements: body weight (BW), total curved length (TCL), total length (TL), circumference (CIR), fin width (FW), tail width (TW) and peduncle (PED). Data were subjected to Pearson correlation analysis and linear regression, using the statistical software IBM SPSS 24.0. The results showed a significant correlation (P R2 = 0.855, R2aj = 0.852). In addition, three linear multiple regression equations of BW were calculated using the predictor variables previously analyzed by Person correlation analysis. The equation that used all biometric measurements (TCL, TL, FW, TW, CIR and PED) had the highest coefficient of determination and the lowest estimation error to predict BW. In conclusion, the biometric measurements of TCL, TL, FW, TW, CIR and PED showed a high correlation with the BW and can be used as predictive variables of BW of manatee calves, as they are easy to be measured.

关键词： Amazonian Manatee (Trichechus inunguis) Biometric Measurements Body Weight Weight Prediction Correlation

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Influence of Water Quality on the Variation Patterns of the Communities of Benthic Macroinvertebrates in the lakes of the Central Highlands of Peru

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Open Journal of Marine Science 2019年第1期9卷 1-17页

作者： María Custodio Richard Penaloza universidad nacional del Centro del Perú HuancayoPerú universidad nacional agraria la molina LimaPerú

The influence of water quality on the variation patters of benthic macroin-vertebrate communities in the lakes in the central highlands of Peru was eva-luated. Samples of water and sediments were collected in 23 different sam-pling sites last 2017. The physiochemical variables of water quality deter-mined on site were: DO, TDS, EC, temperature and pH. The results obtained revealed that the physiochemical indicators are within the environmental quality standards for water, except COD and BOD5. Regarding the benthic macroinvertebrates, four phyla were identified wherein the most common is the phylum Arthropoda having the abundance and richness of taxa. The PCA reduced the variables to a few significant components that caused variation in water quality between lakes. The cluster analysis in relation to the relative abundance of benthic macroinvertibrates grouped the 22 sampling sites into three groups with the similar characteristics. The PCoA analysis of the ben-thic macroinvertebrate communities showed a clear separation of sites. The SIMPER analysis at the family-level showed the distribution of the most common species. Therefore, at a significance level of 0.01 it demonstrates that there are significant differences between the number of species and abun-dance of the areas that were evaluated.

关键词： High Andean Wetlands Water Quality Benthic Macroinvertebrates Diversity

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Design and Construction of a Pneumatic Temporary Immersion Bioreactor System for the Multiplication of <i>Ananas comosus</i>var. Trujillana Red

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2020年第9期11卷 1429-1442页

作者： Richard Solórzano-Acosta Marlene Guerrero-Padilla Departamento de Fitotecnia Facultad de Agronomía Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina (UNALM) Lima Perú Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas Universidad Nacional de Trujillo Perú

The present work initially identified the design parameters of a temporary immersion bioreactor to later scale it to a complete system for the in vitro multiplication of Ananas comosus var. Trujillana Red. Thus, a low-cost pneumatic temporary immersion bioreactor system was designed and built with 24 tanks of 2 L each. The automation of the system was designed and implemented by means of a timer circuit whose design parameters were: duration of the propagation process, which depends on the multiplication period of the crop and is an open variable, which means that the operator decides when to turn off the system;the duration of each dive, which for reasons of complexity of the algorithm was standardized as one minute;immersion frequency, which was programmed for intervals of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 hours respectively and duration of aeration, which from a test run times of 0.20 were chosen, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, and 80 seconds that correspond to the time of delivery of compressed air;additionally, the multiplication rate of Ananas comosus var. Trujillana Red in the immersion system which was 6.5 times per propagative unit inoculated in thirty days.

关键词： Temporary Immersion Ananas comosus Bioreactors Micropropagation

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Photoprotective Effect of the Hydroalcoholic Extract from Red and Black Peruvian Varieties of <i>Phaseolus vulgaris</i>L.

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2020年第11期8卷 46-59页

作者： L. Papuico-Sánchez M. Santa-Cruz-Ermitanio Juana E. Chávez-Flores Richard A. Solórzano-Acosta Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica Universidad Norbert Wiener Lima Perú Departamento de Fitotecnia Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina Lima Perú

Introduction: Ultraviolet radiation can be harmful to the skin and can create serious problems when a protective substance or equipment is not used regularly, for this reason the present study set out to evaluate the photoprotective effect of the hydroalcoholic extracts of the integument of the red and black varieties of pop beans (Phaseolus vulgaris). Materials and Method: The extracts were obtained by macerating the tegument of the two varieties of pop beans, black and red, in an ethanol/water (80:20) solution. The thin-layer chromatographic method was used to observe anti-tyrosinase activity, using the 0.05% kojic acid standard as a positive control. The photoprotective effect was evaluated in female mice of seven-week-old, Mus musculus Balb/c, with shaved back and exposed to UV-C radiation for 30 minutes once a day for thirty days to induce photo-damage in the skin. The treatments consisted in the application of extracts at 2% and 5% W/V in gel on the shaved area. Only the gel formulation, sunscreen or no treatment at all was used for the control group. Acute photodamage was quantified using the Draize scale, measuring the degree of erythema and edema;and the degree of photoaging using the Glogau scale at 7 days and 30 days. Results: It was found that the ethanolic extracts of the integument of both varieties of Phaseolus vulgaris, red and black, are practically non-toxic in mice by oral and dermal routes at a limit dose of 5000 mg/kg. The anti-tyrosinase effect at a qualitative level, evaluated by thin layer chromatography, showed the black variety were more active than the red one and both can be compared to the activity of the kojic acid. The two extracts of the two varieties showed photoprotective effect, however the extracts in 5% gel to a greater degree. Conclusions: It was concluded that the hydroalcoholic extract of the pop black beans tegument at 5% in gel has

关键词： Anti-Tyrosinase Effect Photoprotective Effect Phaseolus vulgaris

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Production and Nutritional Quality of Tomatoes(Solanum lycopersicum ***)Are Improved in the Presence of Biochar and Inoculation with Arbuscular Mycorrhizae

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2020年第3期11卷 426-436页

作者： Wilson Castaneda Marcia Toro Andi Solorzano Doris Zúniga-Dávila laboratorio de Ecologia Microbiana y Biotecnologia Departamento de BiologiaFacultad de CienciasUniversidad Nacional Agraria La MolinaLimaPeru

Tomato is a fruit of great nutritional interest in the basic human diet. The increasing use of agrochemicals to maintain production requires new alternatives to reduce environmental impact. Arbuscular mycorrhizae (AM) are beneficial microorganisms that favor the growth of plants improving their nutrition and development, protecting the plant from biotic and abiotic stresses and favoring the production of bioactive compounds that increase their nutritional value. The use of biochar as soil conditioner is also considered an environmentally friendly resource. A greenhouse experiment was carried out to observe the effect of the use of biochar and AM inoculation on the quality of fruits, yield and polyphenols production of Cherry tomato, Solanum lycopersicum var. Cerasiforme. A mixture of rice husk biochar with sterile sand and two inoculums of Glomeromycota native fungi: from a wetland (GWI) and a fallow field (GFI) were used. Control treatments consisted of inoculation with both GWI and GFI in sterile sand. All treatments were irrigated with 50% la molina? hydroponic solution. After 12 weeks plants were harvested to quantify weight, number and diameters of the fruits, and yield, total polyphenols in the fruit pulp were quantified. In the presence of biochar and the two inoculums, GFI and GWI, fruit production was favored throughout the experiment. The height of the plants was significantly greater in the presence of biochar. Plants grown in biochar and inoculated with GFI had a yield of 8.2 MT/Ha, increasing in 50% this value respect to control with biochar (5.33 MT/Ha). This treatment doubled the number of fruits (59.5) with respect to the control (32.5). Root colonization by GFI was not affected by the presence of biochar. It is concluded that the combined use of rice husk biochar and Glomeromycota fungal inoculation is recommended for increasing of Cherry tomato yield and improving fruit quality through the production of bioactive compounds.

关键词： Glomeromycota Fungi Yield Polyphenols

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Potential of Bamboo Species Guadua trinii and Guadua angustifolia for Nanocellulose Production

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2024年第9期12卷 1541-1555页

作者： Agatha E.R.Prado Gárate Fernando E.Felissia María Cristina Area Teresa Suirezs María Evangelina Vallejos Círculo de Investigación del Bambú Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina(UNALM)Lima15026Perú Instituto de Materiales de Misiones(IMAM) Universidad Nacional de Misiones(UNaM)Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas(CONICET)Facultad de Ciencias ExactasQuímicas y Naturales(FCEQYN)Programa de Celulosa y Papel(PROCyP)Posadas3300Argentina Instituto de Materiales de Misiones(IMAM) Universidad Nacional de Misiones(UNaM)Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas(CONICET)Facultad de Ciencias Forestales(FCF)Eldorado3380Argentina

Non-traditional lignocellulosic materials are a significant resource for producing high-value products,including *** work studied the nanocellulose obtention from chemical pulps of the two fast-growing bamboo species,Guadua trinii,and Guadua *** pulps were produced by soda-anthraquinone(S)pulping from both autohydrolysis-pretreated(H)and unpretreated bamboo ***-pretreated(SHP)and unpretreated soda-anthraquinone(AQ)(SP)pulps were characterized by yield,Kappa number,alpha,beta,and gamma cellulose,degree of polymerization,water retention value,and *** nanocellulose was produced by a sequential chemical oxidation treatment(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl,TEMPO reagent)and mechanical *** was characterized by carboxylic group content and *** results revealed that autohydrolysis pretreatment resulted in a higher hemicelluloses extraction in *** contrast,the pulping yield of unpretreated samples was higher for ***,and the soda-AQ pulps from this species exhibited better delignification than the autohydrolysis-pretreated *** crystallinity index values of the obtained pulps were high(>80%),and the alpha-cellulose contents were *** viscosities of the aqueous nanocellulose suspensions were higher for the nanocellulose solutions obtained from the unpretreated soda-AQ ***,nanocellulose from *** unpretreated soda-AQ pulps had a higher rate of carboxylic *** results of this work are significant in assessing the potential of both bamboo species as a source of high-value products within the biorefinery framework because the viscosities of the aqueous nanocellulose suspensions depend on the size and shape of *** has significant importance for industrial unit operations and potential applications.

关键词： Natural fiber Guadua angustifolia Guadua trinii soda-anthraquinone pulp nanocellulose

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Deltas:a new classification expanding Bates's concepts

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2021年第3期10卷 341-355页

作者： Carlos Zavala Mariano Arcuri Mariano Di Meglio Agustin Zorzano German Otharan Ainara Irastorza Antonela Torresi Dpto.de Geologia Universidad Nacional del Sur(UNS)Bahia BlancaArgentina GCS Argentina SRL Molina Campos 1508000 Bahia BlancaArgentina Consejo nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnicas (CONICET)Buenos AiresArgentina

Deltas constitute complex depositional systems formed when a land-derived gravity-flow(carrying water and sediments) discharges into a marine or lacustrine standing body of water. However, the complexity of deltaic sedimentary environments has been oversimplified by geoscientists over the years, considering just littoral deltas as the unique possible type of delta in natural systems. Nevertheless, a rational analysis suggests that deltas can be much more complex. In fact, the characteristics of deltaic deposits will depend on a complex interplay between the bulk density of the incoming flow and the salinity of the receiving water body. This paper explores the natural conditions of deltaic sedimentation according to different density contrasts. The rational analysis of deltaic systems allows to recognize three main fields for deltaic sedimentation, corresponding to(1) hypopycnal(2) homopycnal and(3) hyperpycnal delta settings. The hypopycnal delta field represents the situation when the bulk density of the incoming flow is lower than the density of the water in the basin. According to the salinity of the receiving water body, three different types of hypopycnal littoral deltas are recognized: hypersaline littoral deltas(HSLD), marine littoral deltas(MLD), and brackish littoral deltas(BLD). The basin salinity will determine the capacity of the delta for producing effective buoyant plumes, and consequently the characteristics and extension of prodelta *** littoral deltas(HOLD) form when the density of the incoming flow is roughly similar to the density of the water in the receiving basin. This situation is typical of clean bedload-dominated rivers entering freshwater lakes. Delta front deposits are dominated by sediment avalanches. Typical fallout prodelta deposits are absent or poorly developed since no buoyant plumes are generated. Hyperpycnal deltas form when the bulk density of the incoming flow is higher than the density of the water in the receivi

关键词： Deltas Hyperpycnal flows Homopycnal flows Hypopycnal flows Hyperpycnites Turbidites Sediment gravity flows Gravity flows

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Untargeted metabolomics to evaluate antifungal mechanism:a study of Cophinforma mamane and Candida albicans interaction

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Natural Products and Bioprospecting 2023年第1期13卷 779-787页

作者： Asih Triastuti Marieke Vansteelandt Fatima Barakat Carlos Amasifuen Patricia Jargeat Mohamed Haddad UMR 152 Pharma Dev IRDUPSUniversitéde Toulouse31400 ToulouseFrance Department of Pharmacy Universitas Islam IndonesiaYogyakarta 55584Indonesia Dirección de Recursos Genéticos y Biotecnología Instituto Nacional de Innovación AgrariaAvenida La Molina 1981La MolinaLima 15024Peru laboratoire Evolution et DiversitéBiologique UMR 5174 CNRSIRDUPSUniversitéde Toulouse31062 ToulouseFrance

Microbial interactions between filamentous fungi and yeast are still not fully *** evaluate a potential anti-fungal activity of a filamentous fungus while highlighting metabolomic changes,co-cultures between an endophytic strain of Cophinforma mamane(CM)and Candida albicans(CA)were *** liquid cultures were incubated under static conditions and metabolite alterations during the course were investigated by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrophotometry(UPLC-MS/MS).Results were analyzed using MS-DIAL,MS-FINDER,METLIN,Xcalibur,SciFinder,and MetaboAnalyst metabolomics *** metabolites associated with catabolic processes,including the metabolism of branched-chain amino acids,carnitine,and phospholipids were upregulated both in the mono and co-cultures,indicating fungal adaptability to environmental *** metab-olites,including C20 sphinganine 1-phosphate,myo-inositol,farnesol,gamma-undecalactone,folinic acid,palmitoleic acid,and MG(12:/0:0/0:0)were not produced by CA during co-culture with CM,demonstrating the antifungal mecha-nism of *** results highlight the crucial roles of metabolomics studies to provide essential information regarding the antifungal mechanism of *** against ***,especially when the lost/undetected metabolites are involved in fungal survival and pathogenicity.

关键词： Metabolomics Fungal co-culture Anti-fungal Virulence

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