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Production of electrical energy from living plants in microbial fuel cells

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Clean Energy 2023年第2期7卷 408-416页

作者： Raymond Daniel Rodriguez Martinez Maria Eugenia Alvarez Bermudez Department of Industrial Production Faculty of EngineeringUniversidad Metropolitana1073 CaracasVenezuela Department of Energy and Automation Faculty of EngineeringUniversidad Metropolitana1073 CaracasVenezuela

Growing energy demand is a current problem with greater incidence in the *** research objective is to establish seed bases to give a leading role to plants used in anthropogenic production activities and consumption,and even plants belonging to wildlife in terms of energy *** use of living plants to obtain electrical energy through a microbial-vegetable fuel cell is proposed as a mech-anism to supply the energy demand with easy access worldwide,especially in areas far from urban *** this work,the voltage produced by microbial-vegetable fuel cells was measured using graphite electrodes and plants belonging to the species of aloe(Aloe vera),corn(Zea mays),black beans(Phaseolus vulgaris),tomato(Solanum lycopersicum)and moss(Dicranidae).They were selected for their presence in everyday life and their great commercial and agricultural value,reaching a maximum voltage of 884 mV from *** is evidence that all plants can be a source of energy to a greater or lesser extent and that their performance is given by the plant root interactions at the ***,an extensive root system can favour the accumulation of substrate after the hydrolysis of dead roots,provided that their presence does not interfere with microbial activity on the anodic *** this,using plants with low resistance to thermal stress can lead to a substrate richer in substances that can be ***,it is recommended to use plants according to their life cycle and the morphology of their roots,and plants that can grow in waterlogged conditions or without direct contact with the Sun.

关键词： ecosystems microorganisms renewable energy photosynthesis sustainability

p-Cresol mineralization and bacterial population dynamics in a nitrifying sequential batch reactor

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2014年第9期26卷 1885-1893页

作者： Carlos David Silva Lizeth Beristain-Montiel Flor de Maria Cuervo-López Anne-Claire Texier Department of Biotechnology-CBS Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-IztapalapaMexico City 09340Mexico Department of Process and Technology-CNI Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-CuajimalpaMexico City 05300Mexico

The ability of a nitrifying sludge to oxidize p-cresol was evaluated in a sequential batch reactor （SBR）. p-Cresol was first transformed to p-hydroxybenzaldehyde and p-hydroxybenzoate, which were later mineralized. The specific rates of p-cresol consumption increased throughout the cycles. The bacterial population dynamics were monitored by using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis 0DGGE） and sequencing of DGGE fragments. The ability of the sludge to consume p-cresol and intermediates might be related to the presence of species such as Variouorax paradoxus and Thauera mechernichensis, p-Cresol （25 to 200 mg C/L） did not affect the nitrifying SBR performance （ammonium consumption efficiency and nitrate production yield were close to 100% and 1, respectively）. This may be related to the high stability observed in the nitrifying communities. It was shown that a nitrifying SBR may be a good alternative to eliminate simultaneously ammonium and p-cresol, maintaining stable the respiratory process as the bacterial community.

关键词： Nitrificationp-Cresol oxidationSequential batch reactorPopulation dynamicsEcological indices

Energy model based on solar potential and the production of electrical energy through living plants’photosynthesis

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Clean Energy 2024年第3期8卷 116-126页

作者： Raymond Daniel Rodriguez Martinez Department of Industrial Production Faculty of EngineeringUniversidad Metropolitana1073 CaracasVenezuela

Developing a sustainable energy model is imperative considering the current trend towards decarbonizing sectors *** this purpose,Venezuela was used as a reference to propose an energy model focused on taking advantage of plant photosynthesis through microbial-vegetable fuel cells together with an agro-photovoltaic system to enhance energy and agricultural *** production from the cells was estimated using an average power density of 264 mW/m^(2) over 4%of the areas destined for crops in the entire Venezuelan region,obtaining an annual production of 19.889 GWh/*** contrast,the energy production of the agro-photovoltaic system was modelled using PVsyst software on 50%of the area used for the cells distributed throughout the states of Anzoátegui,Guárico,Monagas and Portuguesa according to their meteorological conditions,solar irradiation and agricultural activity,resulting in 3703417 GWh/*** resulting whole system proved to be able to cover>10 times the installed electricity generation capacity at a national level and,together with the tremendous scalability of the microbial fuel cells,it shows that Venezuela has a high potential for the production and distribution of clean energy.

关键词： ecosystems microbial fuel cell microorganisms renewable sustainability

Plant-microbial fuel cell for electrical generation through living plants: an internal resistance insight into the plant species used

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Clean Energy 2024年第5期8卷 45-53页

作者： Raymond Daniel Rodriguez Martinez Department of Industrial Production Faculty of EngineeringUniversidad Metropolitana1073 CaracasVenezuela

Climate change is a global threat,the presence of which has encouraged the development and implementation of renewable energies,including plant–microbial fuel cells,which could generate 6629568–33147840 MWh per year due to their large-scale *** of the main challenges associated with microbial cells is internal resistance—a parameter whose magnitude is influenced by sev-eral *** the case of plant–microbial fuel cells,adding a plant positively affects the mitigation of internal ***,the species employed is expected to play an important *** the present study,the objective was to determine as a general reference the internal resistance of cells using various plant species,among which were tomato(Solanum lycopersicum),black beans(Phaseolus vulgaris),aloe vera(Aloe vera),corn(Zea mays),and moss(Dicranidae).For this purpose,an experimental procedure was carried out to compare the manual voltage measurements with a free cell concerning the voltage obtained by adding an external resistor in *** internal resistance values were determined as a function of the measured voltage,obtaining 177,179,175,324,and 233 kΩfor aloe vera,corn,tomato,black beans,and moss,*** this,it was shown that the roots of the plants represent an essen-tial addition to the internal resistance of the cell in the short *** contrast,plants with a C4 photosynthetic metabolism are more favourable,while C3 plants can also benefit from internal resistance during a more extended period of rhizodeposition.

关键词： climate change energy microorganism renewable source voltage

Analysis of three-dimensional vortexes below the free surface in a continuous casting mold

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2011年第4期18卷 397-406页

作者： Cesar A.Real-Ramirez Jesus I.Gonzalez-Trejo universidad Autonoma metropolitana-Azcapotzalco.San Pablo 180 02200Mexico CityMexico

To study fluctuations of the free surface of liquid steel in the mold,two different models with the same casting conditions but different thicknesses were employed to analyze the hydrodynamic behavior at the top of the *** first model was a standard thickness slab,and the second had a thickness three times *** is found with the second model that above the plane formed by the steel jets,it is possible to observe four three-dimensional vortexes that interact with the submerged entry nozzle（SEN）and mold *** using a biphasic model to simulate the interface between the liquid and air inside the mold,the flow asymmetry and the fluctuations of the free surface can be clearly observed.

关键词： continuous casting molds flow patterns three dimensional vortes mathematical models computer simulation

Behavior of ductile steel X-braced RC frames in seismic zones

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2019年第4期18卷 845-869页

作者： Eber Alberto Godínez-Domínguez Arturo Tena-Colunga Facultad de Ingeniería Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas Tuxtla Gutiérrez 29050 Mexico Departamento de Materiales Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana México City 02200 Mexico

A satisfactory ductile performance of moment-resisting reinforced concrete concentric braced frame structures (RC-MRCBFs) is not warranted by only following the provisions proposed in Mexico’s Federal District Code (MFDC-04). The nonlinear behavior of low to medium rise ductile RC-MRCBFs using steel X-bracing susceptible to buckling is evaluated in this study. The height of the studied structures ranges from 4 to 20 stories and they were located for design in the lakebed zone of Mexico City. The design of RC-MRCBFs was carried out considering variable contribution of the two main lines of defense of the dual system (RC columns and steel braces). In order to observe the principal elements responsible for dissipating the earthquake input energy, yielding mappings for diff erent load-steps were obtained using both nonlinear static and dynamic analyses. Some design parameters currently proposed in MFDC-04 as global ductility capacities, overstrength reduction factors and story drifts corresponding to diff erent limit states were assessed as a function of both the considered shear strength and slenderness ratios for the studied RC-MRCBFs using pushover analyses. Additionally, envelopes of response maxima of dynamic parameters were obtained from the story and global hysteresis curves. Finally, a brief discussion regarding residual drifts, residual drift ratios, mappings of residual deformations in steel braces and residual rotations in RC beams and columns is presented. From the analysis of the obtained results, it is concluded that when a suitable design criterion is considered, good structural behavior of RC-MRCBFs with steel-X bracing can be obtained. It is also observed that the shear strength balance has an impact in the height-wise distribution of residual drifts, and an important “shake-down” eff ect is obtained for all cases. There is a need to improve design parameters currently proposed in MFDC to promote an adequate seismic performance of RC-MRCBFs.

关键词： RC braced-frames seismic design nonlinear dynamic analyses steel-X bracing overstrength collapse mechanism story drifts residual drifts

Green's Function for Periodic Solutions in Alternately Advanced and Delayed Differential Systems

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Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica 2020年第4期36卷 936-951页

作者： Kuo-Shou CHIU Departamento de Matematica Facultad de Ciencias BasicasUniversidad Metropolitana de Ciencias de la EducacionSantiagoChile

In this paper we investigate the existence of the periodic solutions of a nonlinear differential equation with a general piecewise constant argument,in short DEPCAG,that is,the argument is a general step *** consider the critical case,when associated linear homogeneous system admits nontrivial periodic *** of existence of periodic solutions of such equations are *** the process we use the Green?s function for periodic solntions and convert the given DEPCAG into an equivalent integral *** we construct appropriate mappings and employ Krasnoselskii's fixed point theorem to show the existence of a periodic solution of this type of nonlinear differential *** also use the contraction mapping principle to show the existence of a unique periodic *** examples are given to show the feasibility of our results.

关键词： piecewise constant arguments Green's function periodic solutions hybrid equations fixed point theorems

Renal angiomyolipomas:Typical and atypical features on computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging

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World Journal of Radiology 2025年第2期17卷 11-20页

作者： Andres Labra Giancarlo Schiappacasse Diego Constenla Joaquin Cristi Cristi Departamento de ImágenesFacultad de Medicina Clínica Alemana-Universidad del DesarrolloSantiago 7650568Región MetropolitanaChile

Angiomyolipomas(AMLs)represent the most common benign solid renal *** frequency of their detection in the general population is increasing owing to advances in imaging *** objective of this review is to discuss computed tomography(CT)and magnetic resonance imaging findings for both typical and atypical renal AMLs,along with their associated *** are typically defined as solid triphasic tumors composed of varying amounts of dysmorphic and tortuous blood vessels,smooth muscle components and adipose *** an adult,a classical renal AML appears as a solid,heterogeneous renal cortical mass with macroscopic ***,up to 5%of AMLs contain minimal fat and cannot be reliably diagnosed by ***-poor AMLs can appear as hyperattenuating masses on unenhanced CT and as hypointense masses on T2WI;other AMLs may be isodense or exhibit cystic *** is the most common complication,and AMLs with hemorrhage can mimic other tumors,making their diagnosis *** the variable and heterogeneous nature of this neoplasm to correctly classify renal AMLs and to avoid misdiagnosis of other renal lesions is crucial.

关键词： Kidney neoplasms Angiomyolipoma Classic angiomyolipoma-fat poor angiomyolipoma Tomography X-ray computed Magnetic resonance imaging

On generalized impulsive piecewise constant delay differential equations

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Science China Mathematics 2015年第9期58卷 1981-2002页

作者： CHIU Kuo-Shou Departamento de Matemtica Facultad de Ciencias Bsicas Universidad Metropolitana de Ciencias de la Educación

A variation of parameters formula with Green function type and Gronwall type integral inequality are proved for impulsive differential equations involving piecewise constant delay of generalized type. Some results for piecewise constant linear and nonlinear delay differential equations with impulsive effects are *** include existence and uniqueness theorems, a variation of parameters formula, integral inequalities, the oscillation property and some applications.

关键词： impulsive differential equation piecewise constant delay of generalized type variation of parameters formula Gronwall integral i