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Photo‑Energized MoS_(2)/CNT Cathode for High‑Performance Li–CO_(2)Batteries in a Wide‑Temperature Range

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第1期17卷 160-175页

作者： Tingsong Hu Wenyi Lian Kang Hu Qiuju Li Xueliang Cui Tengyu Yao Laifa Shen Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Materials and Technologies for Energy Storage College of Materials Science and TechnologyNanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 210016People’s Republic of China

Li–CO_(2) batteries are considered promising energy storage systems in extreme environments such as Mars;however,severe performance degradation will occur at a subzero temperature owning to the sluggish reaction ***,a photo-energized strategy adopting sustainable solar energy in wide working temperature range Li–CO_(2) battery was achieved with a binder-free MoS_(2)/carbon nanotube(CNT)photo-electrode as *** unique layered structure and excellent photoelectric properties of MoS_(2) facilitate the abundant generation and rapid transfer of photo-excited carriers,which accelerate the CO_(2) reduction and Li_(2)CO_(3) decomposition upon *** illuminated battery at room temperature exhibited high discharge voltage of 2.95 V and mitigated charge voltage of 3.27 V,attaining superior energy efficiency of 90.2%and excellent cycling stability of over 120 *** at an extremely low temperature of−30℃,the battery with same electrolyte can still deliver a small polarization of 0.45 V by the photoelectric and photothermal synergistic mechanism of MoS_(2)/CNT *** work demonstrates the promising potential of the photo-energized wide working temperature range Li–CO_(2) battery in addressing the obstacle of charge overpotential and energy efficiency.

关键词： Li-CO_(2)batteries Photo-energized Wide operation-temperature Kinetics MoS_(2)

Magneto‑Dielectric Synergy and Multiscale Hierarchical Structure Design Enable Flexible Multipurpose Microwave Absorption and Infrared Stealth Compatibility

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第2期17卷 401-416页

作者： Chen Li Leilei Liang Baoshan Zhang Yi Yang Guangbin Ji School of Electronic Science and Engineering Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210093People’s Republic of China College of Materials Science and Technology Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 210016People’s Republic of China

Developing advanced stealth devices to cope with radar-infrared(IR)fusion detection and diverse application scenarios is increasingly demanded,which faces significant challenges due to conflicting microwave and IR cloaking mechanisms and functional integration ***,we propose a multiscale hierarchical structure design,integrating wrinkled MXene IR shielding layer and flexible Fe_(3)O_(4)@C/PDMS microwave absorption *** top wrinkled MXene layer induces the intensive diffuse reflection effect,shielding IR radiation signals while allowing microwave to pass ***,the permeable microwaves are assimilated into the bottom Fe_(3)O_(4)@C/PDMS layer via strong magneto-electric *** theoretical and experimental optimization,the assembled stealth devices realize a near-perfect stealth capability in both X-band(8–12 GHz)and long-wave infrared(8–14μm)wavelength ***,it delivers a radar cross-section reduction of−20 dB m^(2),a large apparent temperature modulation range(ΔT=70℃),and a low average IR emissivity of ***,the optimal device demonstrates exceptional curved surface conformability,self-cleaning capability(contact angle≈129°),and abrasion resistance(recovery time≈5 s).This design strategy promotes the development of multispectral stealth technology and reinforces its applicability and durability in complex and hostile environments.

关键词： Microwave absorption Radar-infrared compatible stealth Wrinkled MXene Magneto-dielectric synergy Multifunction

SEFormer:A Lightweight CNN-Transformer Based on Separable Multiscale Depthwise Convolution and Efficient Self-Attention for Rotating Machinery Fault Diagnosis

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第1期82卷 1417-1437页

作者： Hongxing Wang Xilai Ju Hua Zhu Huafeng Li State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control for Aerospace Structures Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing210016China School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore639798Singapore

Traditional data-driven fault diagnosis methods depend on expert experience to manually extract effective fault features of signals,which has certain ***,deep learning techniques have gained prominence as a central focus of research in the field of fault diagnosis by strong fault feature extraction ability and end-to-end fault diagnosis ***,utilizing the respective advantages of convolution neural network(CNN)and Transformer in local and global feature extraction,research on cooperating the two have demonstrated promise in the field of fault ***,the cross-channel convolution mechanism in CNN and the self-attention calculations in Transformer contribute to excessive complexity in the cooperative *** complexity results in high computational costs and limited industrial *** tackle the above challenges,this paper proposes a lightweight CNN-Transformer named as SEFormer for rotating machinery fault ***,a separable multiscale depthwise convolution block is designed to extract and integrate multiscale feature information from different channel dimensions of vibration ***,an efficient self-attention block is developed to capture critical fine-grained features of the signal from a global ***,experimental results on the planetary gearbox dataset and themotor roller bearing dataset prove that the proposed framework can balance the advantages of robustness,generalization and lightweight compared to recent state-of-the-art fault diagnosis models based on CNN and *** study presents a feasible strategy for developing a lightweight rotating machinery fault diagnosis framework aimed at economical deployment.

关键词： CNN-Transformer separable multiscale depthwise convolution efficient self-attention fault diagnosis

PVIIAD: industrial visual anomaly detection method based on partially visible image inpainting

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Optoelectronics Letters 2025年

作者： WU Qiliang FEI Dongce YAO Minghui NIU Yan WANG Cong School of aeronautics and astronautics， Tiangong university School of Artificial Intelligence， Tiangong university

Industrial anomaly detection is dedicated to identifying and locating regions that deviate from the standard appearance. The prevailing approach achieves unsupervised anomaly detection through the reconstruction of images using autoencoders. Due to the simplistic structure of some abnormal regions， the autoencoder can effectively reconstruct these areas， consequently diminishing the model's anomaly detection capabilities. To address this issue， this paper transforms the reconstruction task into the inpainting-filling-reconstruction task to increase the reconstruction error between abnormal samples and normal samples. In PVIIAD， the masked regions inpainted by the filling network are used to fill in the input image， thereby achieving an effect similar to masking. Unlike typical masking processes， this approach retains partial authentic information in the input image， rendering it partially visible. This is beneficial for the reconstruction network to repair the masked areas. Due to the consistent structure between the masked region inpainted by the filling network and the normal region， the filled abnormal regions display a complex structure that has not been learned， making it difficult for the reconstruction network to reconstruct the abnormal regions. Experimental results indicate that PVIIAD performs better than other methods on both the MVTec AD dataset and the MVTec LOCO AD dataset.

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适用于狭小空间的非接触式传感仿生软体机器人（英文）

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Science China Materials 2025年

作者：肖宇航周子淞潘兴海刘艳玲梅浩王浩伦蒲伟 Key Laboratory of Advanced Spatial Mechanism and Intelligent Spacecraft Ministry of EducationSchool of Aeronautics and AstronauticsSichuan University Robotic Satellite Laboratory School of Aeronautics and AstronauticsSichuan University

近年来,软体机器人概念的提出使得研究者们开始借鉴动物的运动和感知能力,开发出结合生物视觉、触觉等特性的仿生软体机器人,以实现操控、避障和路径规划.软体机器人小型化是近些年来的重点研究领域,然而,受限于较小的体积使其只能具备...

近年来,软体机器人概念的提出使得研究者们开始借鉴动物的运动和感知能力,开发出结合生物视觉、触觉等特性的仿生软体机器人,以实现操控、避障和路径规划.软体机器人小型化是近些年来的重点研究领域,然而,受限于较小的体积使其只能具备单一的行走运动能力,未真正实现仿生机器人的功能集成化.本研究受到自然界中昆虫运动和电感知能力的启发,开发了一款小型且轻质量的(900 mg)电热驱动(ETA)具备电容式非接触传感的软体机器人.电热驱动的PE/CNT/PI复合薄膜驱动器,具备优良的机械性能和灵活性,能实现最大弯曲角度达320°,展现出至少支撑自身重量5倍的负载能力.传感器部分由直径0.2 mm的银丝构成,通过边缘电场的变化检测物体的靠近,信号变化响应灵敏,能有效识别不同直径的障碍物.与其他报道的工作相比,该软体机器人聚焦于检测外部环境,在狭小空间和光线昏暗的环境中具备障碍物感知能力,它还利用在运动过程中生成传感器信号变化来获取有关自身运动姿势的信息,为未来在复杂环境中的应用提供了新的思路与依据.

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Targets capture by distributed active swarms via bio-inspired reinforcement learning

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第1期Mechanics & Astronomy) .卷 210-221页

作者： Kun Xu Yue Li Jun Sun Shuyuan Du Xinpeng Di Yuguang Yang Bo Li Institute of Biomechanics and Medical Engineering Applied Mechanics Laboratory Department of Engineering MechanicsTsinghua University Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology Tsinghua University Shanghai Aerospace Control Technology Institute Shanghai Key Laboratory of Aerospace Intelligent Control Technology College of Automation Engineering Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics

Natural swarms arranged from cells to herds are usually decentralized but display intriguing collective intelligence in coordinating individuals across large scales to efficiently achieve their common goals. Learning from nature may provide new strategies for controlling collective dynamics of synthetic swarms to accomplish specific functions. Here, we present a bioinspired computational framework that steers distributed active swarms to collectively capture and merge targets via reinforcement learning. We exploit collective milling structures of natural herds to cage the targets, and adopt a switching control policy inspired by sperms' chiral dynamics to optimize the trajectories of individuals, through which the active swarms can selforganize to enclose single or multiple distant targets in a dynamical, adaptive and scalable manner. There exists a critical swarm size, beyond which the excessive competition between agents would generate large mechanical forces, leading to capture instability but enabling the transition from short-distance to long-distance merging capture of multiple targets. This work provides physical insights into distributed active swarms and could offer a multilevel, decentralized strategy toward controlling swarm robotics in wide applications such as bio-medical devices, machine immunity, and target clearance.

关键词： swarm intelligence robotics multi-tasks artificial intelligence bionics

Dynamic modeling of a three-dimensional braided composite thin plate considering braiding directions

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2025年第1期46卷 123-138页

作者： Chentong GAO Huiyu SUN Jianping GU W.M.HUANG College of Aerospace Engineering Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Nanyang Technological University Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Structural Materials and Application Technology School of Materials Science and EngineeringNanjing Institute of Technology

Currently, there are a limited number of dynamic models available for braided composite plates with large overall motions, despite the incorporation of three-dimensional(3D) braided composites into rotating blade components. In this paper, a dynamic model of 3D 4-directional braided composite thin plates considering braiding directions is established. Based on Kirchhoff's plate assumptions, the displacement variables of the plate are expressed. By incorporating the braiding directions into the constitutive equation of the braided composites, the dynamic model of the plate considering braiding directions is obtained. The effects of the speeds, braiding directions, and braided angles on the responses of the plate with fixed-axis rotation and translational motion, respectively, are investigated. This paper presents a dynamic theory for calculating the deformation of 3D braided composite structures undergoing both translational and rotational motions. It also provides a simulation method for investigating the dynamic behavior of non-isotropic material plates in various applications.

关键词： Constitutive equations

Design and Optimization of 3D Radial Slot Grain Configuration

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Chinese Journal of aeronautics 2010年第4期23卷 409-414页

作者： Ali Kamran School of astronautics Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics

Upper stage solid rocket motors （SRMS） for launch vehicles require a highly efficient propulsion system. Grain design proves to be vital in terms of minimizing inert mass by adopting a high volumetric efficiency with minimum possible sliver. In this arti- cle, a methodology has been presented for designing three-dimensional （3D） grain configuration of radial slot for upper stage solid rocket motors. The design process involves parametric modeling of the geometry in computer aided design （CAD） software through dynamic variables that define the complex configuration. Grain bum back is achieved by making new surfaces at each web increment and calculating geometrical properties at each step. Geometrical calculations are based on volume and change-in-volume calculations. Equilibrium pressure method is used to calculate the internal ballistics. Genetic algorithm （GA） has been used as the optimizer because of its robustness and efficient capacity to explore the design space for global optimum solution and eliminate the requirement of an initial guess. Average thrust maximization under design constraints is the objective function.

关键词： solid rocket motors 3D grains radial slot configuration internal ballistics computer aided design heuristic optimization genetic algorithm

Performance limitations in trajectory tracking control for air-breathing hypersonic vehicles

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Chinese Journal of aeronautics 2019年第1期32卷 167-175页

作者： Boyi CHEN Yanbin LIU Haidong SHEN Hao LEI Yuping LU College of astronautics Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics College of Automation Engineering Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics

An integrated approach that considers the performance limitations of tracking control systems for air-breathing hypersonic vehicles is proposed. First, a set of ascent trajectories is obtained as candidates for tracking control through a trajectory design method that considers the available acceleration. Second, the basic theory of performance limitations, which is adopted to calculate the limits on control performance through the trajectory, is integrated. The openloop dynamics of air-breathing hypersonic vehicles is responsible for these limits on the control system. Comprehensive specifications on stability, tracking accuracy, and robustness are derived, and the flight envelope with constraints and control specifications is identified. Simulation results suggest that trajectory design should consider restrictions on control performance to obtain reliable solutions.

关键词： Bandwidth constraints Hypersonic vehicles Performance limitations Robust performance Trajectory tracking control