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Development of sustainable thermal insulation based on bio-polyester filled with date pits

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Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts 2024年第1期9卷 74-89页

作者： Amal Mlhem Thomas Teklebrhan Evenezer Bokuretsion Basim Abu-Jdayil Chemical&Petroleum Engineering Department United Arab Emirates UniversityPO Box 15551United Arab Emirates National Water and Energy Center United Arab Emirates UniversityPO Box 15551United Arab Emirates

Date palm pit(DPP)-filled poly(-hydroxybutyrate)(PHB)composites were prepared,evaluated,and characterized to determine their thermal insulation *** conductivity values ranged between 0.086 and 0.100 W/(m·K).At a maximum filler concentration(50%(w)),the specific heat capacity and thermal diffusivity were 1183 J/(kg·K)and 0.0689 mm^(2)/s,*** DPP increased the thermal stability,and the highest compressive strength obtained was 80 MPa at 30%filler *** PHB-DPP composites exhibited promising water absorption(less than 6%)and tensile strength(6-14 MPa).Date-pit-based PHB composites could be used in sustainable building engineering and cleaner production.

关键词： Green construction material Sustainable thermal insulator Date pit Polyhydroxybutyrate

Development of an experimental method for well-controlled blast induced traumatic limb fracture in rats

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第4期34卷 168-176页

作者： Luyang Xu Xiancheng Yu Clement DFavier Ibidumo Igah Thuy-Tien Nguyen Warren Macdonald Anthony MJ.Bull Centre for Blast Injury Studies Imperial College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom Department of Bioengineering Imperial College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom Dyson School of Design Engineering Imperial College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics Royal Free London National Health Service Foundation TrustLondonUnited Kingdom

Heterotopic ossification(HO)is a consequence of traumatic bone and tissue damage,which occurs in 65%of military casualties with blast-associated ***,the mechanisms behind blast-induced HO remain *** models are used to study blast-induced HO,but developing such models is challenging,particularly in how to use a pure blast wave(primary blast)to induce limb fracture that then requires an *** studies,including our recent study,have developed platforms to induce limb fractures in rats with blast loading or a mixture of blast and impact ***,these models are limited by the survivability of the animal and repeatability of the *** this study,we developed an improved platform,aiming to improve the animal's survivability and injury repeatability as well as focusing on primary blast *** platform exposed only one limb of the rat to a blast wave while providing proper protection to the rest of the rat's *** obtained very consistent fracture outcome in the tibia(location and pattern)in cadaveric rats with a large range of size and ***,the rats did not obviously move during the test,where movement is a potential cause of uncontrolled *** further conducted parametric studies by varying the features of the design of the *** factors,such as how the limb is fixed and how the cavity through which the limb is placed is sealed,significantly affect the resulting *** platform and test setups enable well-controlled limb fracture induced directly by pure blast wave,which is the fundamental step towards a complete in vivo animal model for blast-induced HO induced by primary blast alone,excluding secondary and tertiary blast *** addition,the platform design and the findings presented here,particularly regarding the proper protection of the animal,have implications for future studies investigating localized blast injuries,such as blast induced brain and lung injuries.

关键词： Blast injury Biomechanics Heterotopic ossification Limb fracture Blast wave Animal model

Benchmarking YOLOv5 models for improved human detection in search and rescue missions

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Journal of Electronic Science and Technology 2024年第1期22卷 70-80页

作者： Namat Bachir Qurban Ali Memon Electrical Engineering Department College of EngineeringUnited Arab Emirates UniversityAl Ain15551United Arab Emirates

Drone or unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)technology has undergone significant *** technology allows UAV to carry out a wide range of tasks with an increasing level of sophistication,since drones can cover a large area with ***,the increasing number of computer vision applications utilizing deep learning provides a unique insight into such *** primary target in UAV-based detection applications is humans,yet aerial recordings are not included in the massive datasets used to train object detectors,which makes it necessary to gather the model data from such *** only look once(YOLO)version 4,RetinaNet,faster region-based convolutional neural network(R-CNN),and cascade R-CNN are several well-known detectors that have been studied in the past using a variety of datasets to replicate rescue ***,we used the search and rescue(SAR)dataset to train the you only look once version 5(YOLOv5)algorithm to validate its speed,accuracy,and low false detection *** comparison to YOLOv4 and R-CNN,the highest mean average accuracy of 96.9%is obtained by *** comparison,experimental findings utilizing the SAR and the human rescue imaging database on land(HERIDAL)datasets are *** results show that the YOLOv5-based approach is the most successful human detection model for SAR missions.

关键词： Unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV) Search and rescue(SAR) You look only once(YOLO)model You only look once version 5 (YOLOv5)

Prospects and limitations of soil amendment and irrigation techniques for the water-saving public urban greenery and ephemeral weed management in the sandy soils of the united Arab Emirates

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Journal of Arid Land 2024年第9期16卷 1288-1302页

作者： Ayesha ALAM Elke GABRIEL-NEUMANN Department of Integrative Agriculture College of Agriculture and Veterinary MedicineUnited Arab Emirates UniversityAl Ain 15551the United Arab Emirates ASPIRE Research Institute of Food Security in Drylands College of Agriculture and Veterinary MedicineUnited Arab Emirates UniversityAl Ain 15551the United Arab Emirates

Public urban greenery greatly contributes to the residential and tourist value of cities in the Gulf Region,but due to the hyper-arid climatic conditions,the cost of irrigation and plant maintenance is very *** strategies to reduce the monetary and ecological costs involve the cultivation of native xerophytic plantations,and/or the use of soil improvers to increase water-and nutrient-holding capacity of the sandy *** soil improvers based on mineral,organic,or synthetic materials have entered the united Arab Emirates(UAE)market in recent years,but there is considerable uncertainty about how they should best be used in combination with ornamental plant stands involving xerophytic native *** present study investigated the effect of soil amendment and deep pipe irrigation on perennial ornamental plant stands involving native plants(Tephrosia appolinea(Gel.)Link in combination with Aerva javanica(Burm.f.)*** Schult.)and native-exotic plants(*** in combination with Ruelia simplex ***)either or not topsoil and subsoil amendment with bentonite and hydrophobic sand under the irrigation water supply of less than 50%of reference evapotranspiration(ET0).After one year of cultivation,*** and ***(native ***)produced high biomass and exhibited high water use efficiency(WUE)as compared with *** and ***(native ***)combination given that no significant differences were found under the soil amendment *** stands thrived under irrigation water supply far below what is usually supplied to exotic ornamental stands in public parks of the Al Ain City,the ***,subsoil amendment in combination with deep pipe irrigation reduced the occurrence of weeds and increased the overall plant rooting *** results suggest that subsoil amendment and irrigation up to 60-80 cm depth can potentially control ephemeral weed infestation,which is a great challenge in various plant production systems of the

关键词： native and exotic plant communities competitive strength soil improvers urban plantation subsoil amendment weed management

Exploring hemp seed hull biomass for an integrated C-5 biorefinery:Xylose and activated carbon

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Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts 2024年第3期9卷 310-321页

作者： Sreesha Malayil Luke Loughran Frederik Mendoza Ulken Jagannadh Satyavolu Conn Center for Renewable Energy Research University of LouisvilleKentucky 40292United States Bioproducts LLC LouisvilleKentucky 40206United States RTI International Research Triangle ParkNC 27709United States

Large quantities of hemp hulls can be completely utilized for creation of value-added products (cost effective biofuels and biochemicals) through a biorefinery approach. A sustainable approach in making xylose, a low calorie sweetener and high surface area activated carbons (AC) for super capacitors, attracts interest. The AC when leveraged as a co-product from biorefinery process makes it more cost effective and, in this paper, we discuss the production of xylose and AC from hemp seed hull with methane sulphonic acid (MSA) hydrolysis. Xylose recovery with MSA hydrolysis was 25.15 g/L when compared to the traditional sulphuric acid (SA) hydrolysis of 19.96 g/L at the same acid loading of 1.8 %. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) images and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra indicate partial delignification along with hemicellulose hydrolysis responsible for high xylose recovery. Post hydrolysis fibers were KOH activated and carbonized to make AC. The MSA hydrolyzed and KOH activated fiber produced pure, fluffier and finer particle AC with a drastic increase in surface area 1 452 m2/g when compared to SA hydrolyzed of 977 m2/g. These results indicate the potential of MSA in dilute acid hydrolysis of biomass for xylose recovery and production of high surface area activated carbon. From a production standpoint this can lead to increased use of sustainable low-cost agricultural biomass for making high surface area AC as components in supercapacitors.

关键词： Xylose C-5 biorefinery Methane sulphonic acid Delignification Activated carbon Dilute acid hydrolysis

The optimal semi-analytical modeling for the infinite-conductivity horizontal well performance under rectangular bounded reservoir based on a new instantaneous source function

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Petroleum 2024年第1期10卷 68-84页

作者： Firas A.A.Al-Kabbawi Independent scholar Livingston Scotland UNITED KINGDOM

The main objective of this study is to develop the optimal semi-analytical modeling for the infiniteconductivity horizontal well performance under rectangular bounded reservoir based on a new instantaneous source function. The available semi-analytical infinite-conductivity models（ICMs） for horizontal well under rectangular bounded reservoir in literature were developed by applying superposition of pressures in space（SPS）. A new instantaneous source function（i.e., instantaneous uniform-flux segmentary source function under bounded reservoir） is derived to be used instead of SPS to develop the optimal semi-analytical *** new semi-analytical ICM is verified with ICM of Schlumberger [1] and with previous semi-analytical ICMs in terms of bottom hole pressure（BHP） profile and inflow rate distribution along the wellbore. The model is also validated with real horizontal wells in terms of inflow rate distribution along the wellbore. The results show that the developed model gives the optimal semi-analytical modeling for the infinite-conductivity horizontal well performance under rectangular bounded reservoir. Besides that, high computationalefficiency and high-resolution of wellbore discretization have been achieved（i.e., wellbore segment number could be tens of hundreds depending on solution requirement）. The results also show that at pseudosteady state（PSS） flow regime, inflow rate distribution along the wellbore by previous semi-analytical ICMs is stabilized U-shaped as performance of inflow rate distribution at late radial flow regime. Therefore, the previous semi-analytical ICMs are incorrectly modeling inflow rate distribution at PSS flow regime due to the negative influence of applying SPS. The optimal semi-analytical ICM is in a general form and real time domain,and can be applicable for 3D horizontal well and 2D vertical fracture well under infinite and rectangular bounded reservoirs, of uniform-flux and infinite-conductivity wellbore conditions at any time of

关键词： Infinite-conductivity model Horizontal well performance Semi-analytical modeling Rectangular bounded reservoir Instantaneous source functions Flow regimes

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Editorial

Big Data Mining and Analytics 2024年第2期7卷 I0001-I0002页

作者： Kumar, Sunil Mapp, Glenford Bansal, Abhay Cengiz, Korhan University of Surrey United Kingdom Middlesex University United Kingdom Amity University India Trakya University Turkey

Advanced technologies in science explore the study of business and *** can learn from and make predictions and decisions based on collected data through intelligent *** by technological advances in Big Data,Artificial Intelligence(AI),and Machine Learning(ML),such systems potentially have many applications,roles,and impacts on business and *** stay ahead of the competition,companies must think creatively about incorporating the latest technologies like AI,ML,and Big Data into their policy.

关键词： such companies Foster

Vibration-assisted vat photopolymerization for pixelated-aliasing-free surface fabrication

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International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing 2024年第3期6卷 440-456页

作者： Han Xu Renzhi Hu Shuai Chen Junhong Zhu Chi Zhou Yong Chen Center for Advanced Manufacturing University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90007United States of America Daniel J.Epstein Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90089United States of America Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90089United States of America Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering University of BuffaloBuffaloNY 14260United States of America

Mask image projection-based vat photopolymerization(MIP-VPP)offers advantages like low cost,high resolution,and a wide material range,making it popular in industry and ***,MIP-VPP employing liquid crystal displays(LCDs)has gained traction,increasingly replacing digital micromirror devices,particularly among hobbyists and in educational settings,and is now beginning to be used in industrial ***,LCD-based MIP-VPPsuffers from pronounced pixelated aliasing arising from LCD’s discrete image pixels and itsdirect-contact configuration in MIP-VPP machines,leading to rough surfaces on the 3D-printed ***,we propose a vibration-assisted MIP-VPP method that utilizes a microscalevibration to uniformize the light intensity distribution of the LCD-based mask image on VPP’s building *** maintaining the same fabrication speed,our technique generates asmoother,non-pixelated mask image,reducing the roughness on flat surfaces and boundary segments of 3D-printed *** light intensity modeling and simulation,we derived an optimal vibration pattern for LCD mask images,subsequently validated by *** assessed the surface texture,boundary integrity,and dimensional accuracy of componentsproduced using the vibration-assisted *** notably smoother surfaces and improved boundary roughness enhance the printing quality of MIP-VPP,enabling its promisingapplications in sectors like the production of 3D-printed optical devices and others.

关键词： additive manufacturing vat photopolymerization piezo vibration sub-pixel resolution aliasing

Dietary pyruvate targets cytosolic phospholipase A2 to mitigate inflammation and obesity in mice

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Protein & Cell 2024年第9期15卷 661-685页

作者： Sadaf Hasan Nabil Ghani Xiangli Zhao Julia Good Amanda Huang Hailey Lynn Wrona Jody Liu Chuan-ju Liu Department of Orthopedic Surgery New York University Grossman School of MedicineNew YorkNY 10016United States Department of Medicine Division of Internal MedicineSaint Peter’s University HospitalRutgers UniversityNew BrunswickNJ 08901United States Cornell University IthacaNew YorkNYUnited States Department of Biomedical Engineering University of North Carolina Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599United States New York University NY 14853United States Department of Cell Biology New York University Grossman School of MedicineNew YorkNY 10016United States Department of Orthopedics&Rehabilitation Yale University School of MedicineNew HavenCT 06510United States

Obesity has a multifactorial etiology and is known to be a state of chronic low-grade inflammation,known as *** state is associated with the development of metabolic disorders such as glucose intolerance and nonalcoholic fatty liver *** is a glycolytic metabolite and a crucial node in various metabolic ***,its role and molecular mechanism in obesity and associated complications are *** this study,we reported that pyruvate substantially inhibited adipogenic differentiation in vitro and its administration significantly prevented HFD-induced weight gain,white adipose tissue inflammation,and metabolic *** identify the target proteins of pyruvate,drug affinity responsive target stability was employed with proteomics,cellular thermal shift assay,and isothermal drug response to detect the interactions between pyruvate and its molecular ***,we identified cytosolic phospholipase A2(cPLA2)as a novel molecular target of pyruvate and demonstrated that pyruvate restrained diet-induced obesity,white adipose tissue inflammation,and hepatic steatosis in a cPLA2-dependent *** with global ablation of cPLA2 in mice showed that the protective effects of pyruvate were largely abrogated,confirming the importance of pyruvate/cPLA2 interaction in pyruvate attenuation of inflammation and ***,our study not only establishes pyruvate as an antagonist of cPLA2 signaling and a potential therapeutic option for obesity but it also sheds light on the mechanism of its ***’s prior clinical use indicates that it can be considered a safe and viable alternative for obesity,whether consumed as a dietary supplement or as part of a regular diet.

关键词： metabolic disease pyruvate cytosolic phospholipase obesity