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Device-measured physical activity and sedentary time in the Nordic countries:A scoping review of population-based studies

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第5期13卷 650-660页

作者： Ing-Mari Dohrn Jakob Tarp Jostein Steene-Johannessen Tommi Vasankari Maria Hagströmer Division of Physiotherapy Department of NeurobiologyCare Sciences and SocietyKarolinska Institutet14183 HuddingeSweden Department of Sports Medicine Norwegian School of Sports Sciences0806 OsloNorway UKK Institute for Health Promotion Research 33500 TampereFinland Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology Tampere University33100 TampereFinland academic primary Health care Centre Region Stockholm13365 StockholmSweden

Purpose:The purpose of this scoping review was to summarize and describe the methodology and results from population-based studies of physical activity and sedentary time measured with devices in the Nordic countries(Denmark,Finland,Iceland,Norway,and Sweden)and published in 2000 or ***:A systematic search was carried out in PubMed and Web of Science in June 2023 using predefined search ***:Fourteen unique research projects or surveillance studies were ***,2 surveillance studies published by national agencies were included,resulting in a total of 16 studies for *** surveillance systems exist in Finland and Norway,with regular survey waves in school-aged children/adolescents and *** Denmark,recent nationally representative data have been collected in school children *** far,Sweden has no regular national surveillance system using device-based data *** studies were found from *** first study was conducted in 2001 and the most recent in 2022,with most data collected from 2016 to *** studies included children/adole scents 6-18 years,no study included *** total 11 studies included adults,of which 8 also covered older *** study focused specifically on older *** analytical sample size ranged from 205 to 27,*** methodology is presented,such as information on sampling strategy,device type and placement,wear protocols,and physical activity classification *** of physical activity and sedentary time in children/adolescents,adults,and older adults across the Nordic countries are ***:A growing implementation of device-based population surveillance of physical activity and sedentary behavior in the Nordic countries has been *** variety of devices,placement,and data procedures both within and between the Nordic countries highlights the challenges when it comes to comparing study outcomes as well as the need for more standa

关键词： Accelerometer Light intensity Moderate-vigorous intensity Surveillance Wearable devices

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Blood biomarkers of Alzheimer’s disease:important considerations for use in clinical practice

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 205-206页

作者： Sarah Fullam Sean O’Dowd Antoinette O’Connor Department of Neurology Tallaght University HospitalDublinIreland academic unit of Neurology Trinity College DublinIreland

Introduction:Fluid and positron emission tomography(PET)biomarkers that enable the detection of the hallmark proteins of Alzheimer’s disease(AD)(amyloid and tau)have revolutionized our approach to the diagnosis of *** evolution of AD diagnostic criteria to include biological characterization(Alzheimer’s Association Working Group,2023)provides an appropriate framework to reduce levels of clinico-pathologic mismatch and improve in-vivo diagnostic *** the therapeutic landscape for neurodegenerative disease evolves,it is increasingly incumbent on clinicians to provide timely,and pathologically precise diagnoses for ***,the expensive and invasive nature of these tests limits their scalability.

关键词： Blood Alzheimer diagnosis

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Non-linear dynamic state-space network modeling for decoding neurodegeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第9期19卷 1879-1880页

作者： Venkata C.Chirumamilla Chi Wang Ip Martin Reich Robert Peach Jens Volkmann Bahman Nasseroleslami Muthuraman Muthuraman Prenatal Pediatrics Institute Children’s National HospitalWashingtonDCUSA Neural Engineering with Signal Analytics and Artificial Intelligence Department of NeurologyUniversity of WürzburgWürzburgGermany academic unit of Neurology Trinity Biomedical Sciences InstituteTrinity College DublinUniversity of DublinDublinIreland

Neurodegenerative disorders represent a pervasive global health challenge,yet therapeutic options remain conspicuously *** disorders are inherently dynamic processes within the central nervous system,unfolding across distinct sub-stages:initial structural neuronal alterations(sub-stage 1),functional impairment(sub-stage 2),and culminating in neuronal death(sub-stage 3).

关键词： alterations impairment dynamic

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Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt for recompensating decompensated cirrhosis?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第20期30卷 2621-2623页

作者： Dimitrios S Karagiannakis academic Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Medical School of National and Kapodistrian University of AthensGeneral Hospital of Athens“Laiko”Athens 11527Greece

Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt(TIPS)is a medical procedure that has been used to manage variceal bleeding and ascites in patients with *** can prevent further decompensation and improve the survival of high-risk decompensated *** research indicates that TIPS could increase the possibility of recompensation of decompensated cirrhosis when it is combined with adequate suppression of the causative factor of liver ***,the results of the studies have been based on retrospective analysis,and further validation is required by conducting randomized controlled *** this context,we highlight the limitations of the current studies and emphasize the issues that must be addressed before TIPS can be recommended as a potential recompensating tool.

关键词： Decompensated cirrhosis Liver recompensation Baveno VII Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt

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Tensile deformation of fine-grained Mg at 4K,78K and 298K

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第6期12卷 2534-2556页

作者： M.Walag A.Kula P.Noga T.Tokarski G.Cios M.Niewczas AGH University of Krakow Faculty of Non-Ferrous MetalsKrakowPoland AGH University of Krakow Academic Centre for Materials and NanotechnologyKrakowPoland Materials Science and Engineering McMaster UniversityHamiltonCanada

The impact of grain size,ranging from 0.9μm to 9μm,on the mechanical properties of commercially pure Mg is investigated at temperatures of 4K,78K,and *** mechanisms governing plastic flow are influenced by both grain size and *** 4K and 78K,dominant deformation modes in Mg involve dislocation glide and extension twinning,regardless of grain *** interactions between basal and non-basal dislocations and dislocations with grain boundaries promote an unusually high rate of work hardening in the plastic regime,leading to premature *** yield stress follows the Hall-Petch relationshipσ_(y)∼k/√d,with the slope k increasing with decreasing *** 298K,in addition to dislocation glide and twinning,grain boundary sliding(GBS)becomes significant in samples with grain sizes below 3μm,considerably enhancing the material’s *** activation provides an additional recovery mechanism for dislocations accumulating at grain boundaries,facilitating their absorption during sliding and *** ofσrelationship suggests that the basal slip is the dominant dislocation mode in Mg at *** grain size suppresses dislocation activity and twinning and increases GBS,resulting in lowerandσ*** conventional deformation modes coupled with enhanced GBS yields stress softening,breaking down the Hall-Petch relationship in Mg below 3μm grain size,leading to an inverse Hall-Petch *** work reports new data on the strength,ductility,work hardening and fracture behaviour,and their variations with Mg grain size across different temperature regimes.

关键词： Polycrystalline Mg Mechanical properties Deformation mechanisms Work-hardening Texture evolution Cryogenic temperatures Hall-Petch relationship

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On implications of somatostatin in diabetic retinopathy

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第9期19卷 1984-1990页

作者： Yanhong Fang Qionghua Wang Youjian Li Li Zeng Jian Liu Kepeng Ou Department of Ophthalmology Chongqing University Jiangjin HospitalChongqingChina College of Pharmacy National&Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Targeted and Innovative TherapeuticsIATTIChongqing University of Arts and SciencesChongqingChina Shandong Provincial Hospital Shandong Laboratory Animal CenterScience and Technology Innovation CenterShandong First Medical University&Shandong Academy of Medical SciencesJinanShandong ProvinceChina academic unit of Ophthalmology Bristol Medical SchoolUniversity of BristolBristolUK

Somatostatin,a naturally produced neuroprotective peptide,depresses excitatory neurotransmission and exerts anti-proliferative and anti-inflammatory effects on the *** this review,we summarize the progress of somatostatin treatment of diabetic retinopathy through analysis of relevant studies published from February 2019 to February 2023 extracted from the PubMed and Google Scholar *** neuroprotection,which occurs as a consequence of declined expression or dysregulation of retinal somatostatin in the very early stages of diabetic retinopathy,triggers retinal neurovascular unit impairment and microvascular *** replacement is a promising treatment for retinal neurodegeneration in diabetic *** pre-clinical and clinical trials of somatostatin analog treatment for early diabetic retinopathy have been *** one such trial(EUROCONDOR),topical administration of somatostatin was found to exert neuroprotective effects in patients with pre-existing retinal neurodysfunction,but had no impact on the onset of diabetic ***,we concluded that somatostatin restoration may be especially beneficial for the growing population of patients with early-stage *** order to achieve early prevention of diabetic retinopathy initiation,and thereby salvage visual function before the appearance of moderate non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy,several issues need to be *** include the needs to:a)update and standardize the retinal screening scheme to incorporate the detection of early neurodegeneration,b)identify patient subgroups who would benefit from somatostatin analog supplementation,c)elucidate the interactions of somatostatin,particularly exogenously-delivered somatostatin analogs,with other retinal peptides in the context of hyperglycemia,and d)design safe,feasible,low cost,and effective administration routes.

关键词： diabetes retinopathy excitotoxicity growth hormone insulin like growth factor irisin neurodegeneration neuroinflammation neuroprotection neurovascular unit octreotide oxidative stress somatostatin

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Resilience conferred by APOE-R136S:a defense bestowed by nature to combat Alzheimer’s disease

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第3期9卷 831-832页

作者： Bin Xiao Joshua Kuruvilla Eng-King Tan Department of Neurology National Neuroscience InstituteSingaporeSingapore Neuroscience academic Clinical Program Duke-NUS Medical SchoolSingaporeSingapore Neuroscience and Behavioural Disorders Program Duke-NUS Medical SchoolSingaporeSingapore

In two recent articles published in Nature Neuroscience and Cell,Nelson et al.1 and Chen et al.2 have shown that a rare APOE3 Christchurch(APOE3Ch)variant,R136S,has protective effects on neurodegeneration in various Alzheimer’s disease(AD)model systems through attenuating tau pathology and regulating its related neuroimmune *** et *** Chen et *** provided evidence that identifying the pathophysiologic clues and potential molecular targets from a protective variant such as APOE R136S,can be an attractive viable approach to develop AD therapeutics.

关键词： protective al. Alzheimer

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Descriptive and Comparative Histology of the Urinary System of the Hematophagous Bats Desmodus rotundus and Diphylla ecaudata

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Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2024年第7期14卷 180-191页

作者： María Guadalupe Ramírez-Muñoz Samantha Jardon-Xicotencatl José Ignacio Olave-Leyva Armando Zepeda-Bastida Juan Ocampo-López Histology and Histopathology Laboratory Academic Area Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics Academic Area Veterinary Biotechnology Institute of Agricultural Sciences Autonomous University of the Hidalgo State (UAEH) Tulancingo Mexico Multidisciplinary Research unit L4 (Veterinary Morphology and Cell Biology) UNAM-FESC Campus 4 Cuautitln Izcalli Mexico academic Area Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics Institute of Agricultural Sciences Autonomous University of the Hidalgo State (UAEH) Tulancingo Mexico Cellular and Molecular Biology Laboratory Academic Area Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics Institute of Agricultural Sciences Autonomous University of the Hidalgo State (UAEH) Tulancingo Mexico

Desmodus rotundus and Diphylla ecaudata, both of which are mammals of the order Chiroptera, Desmodontidae family, their diet consisting exclusively of blood. D. rotundus is the main vector and transmitter of the rabies virus, which affects human beings as well as several livestock species so the study of this bat species is of high importance within the fields of animal agriculture and public health. The present study describes and compares the histologic characteristics of the urinary system of two hematophagous bat species. A total of 5 bats from each species were captured in the municipalities of Progreso de Obregón, Hidalgo (D. rotundus), and Huayacocotla, Veracruz (D. ecaudata). Organs belonging to the urinary system were extracted: kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra;samples were fixed using 10% formalin and processed by the paraffin embedding technique, obtaining sections of 5 µm thickness, which in turn were stained using hematoxylin-eosin (H-E) and Gomori trichrome (GT) stains. From the obtained histologic preparations, a descriptive and comparative analysis of the structural organography of the urinary system of both species was made, and no noteworthy histological differences between samples were noted. The present research is intended to provide a framework for future studies of these species’ currently understudied microscopic anatomy.

关键词： Microscopic Anatomy Vampire Bats Kidneys Comparative Morphology

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A generalization of Banach's lemma and its applications to perturbations of bounded linear operators

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Applied Mathematics(A Journal of Chinese Universities) 2024年第2期39卷 363-369页

作者： WANG Zi DING Jiu WANG Yu-wen School of Mathematics Sciences Harbin Normal UniversityHarbin 150025China School of Mathematics and Natural Sciences The University of Southern MississippiHattiesburg MS 39406-5043USA academic Committee Harbin Institute of PetroleumHarbin 150027China

Let X be a Banach space and let P:X→X be a bounded linear *** an algebraic inequality on the spectrum of P,we give a new sufficient condition that guarantees the existence of(I-P)^(-1) as a bounded linear operator on X,and a bound on its spectral radius is also *** generalizes the classic Banach *** apply the result to the perturbation analysis of general bounded linear operators on X with commutative perturbations.

关键词： Banach lemma spectral radius generalized inverse perturbation analysis

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The Global Significance of Contemporary Chinese Outlook on Human Rights

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The Journal of Human Rights 2024年第1期23卷 76-80页

作者：李林 CHEN Feng the academic Division Chinese Academy of Social Sciences 不详

Since the 18^(th)National Congress of the Communist Party of China(CPC),General Secretary Xi Jinping has prioritized the advancement of human rights as a significant aspect of governing the country and has delivered a series of important speeches,instructions,and discussions centered on respecting and protecting human rights,thereby shaping the contemporary Chinese outlook on human rights.

关键词： Outlook thereby discussions

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