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Cytotoxic, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of Nerium oleander collected in Morocco

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2019年第1期12卷 32-37页

作者： Messaoudi Mouhcine Laglaoui amin amzazi Saaid Hammani Khalil Benbacer Laila El Mzibri Mohammed unité de biologie et Recherche Médicale CNESTEN Laboratoire de Biochimie-Immunologie Faculté des Sciences Mohammed V University équipe de Recherche en Biotechnologies & génie des Biomolécules Faculté des Sciences et Techniques de Tanger Abdelmalek Essaadi University Laboratoire de Ressources Naturelles et Environnement Faculté Polydisciplinaire de Taza Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah University

Objective: To investigate the cytotoxic, antioxidant and antibacterial activities of ethanolic and aqueous crude extracts of Nerium oleander(N. oleander) leaves. Methods: Cytotoxic activities were evaluated by WST-1 bioassay on two human cancer cell lines, namely human colon adenocarcinoma cell line HT-29 and human breast cancer cell line MdA-MB-231. The antioxidant property of N. oleander extracts was assessed by dPPH scavenging and he agar disc diffusion method was used for the determination of an毬-carotene bleaching tests. Ttimicrobial activity against different strains. Results: Using cell viability indices, the WST-1 test revealed that both extracts reduced cell viability in both cell lines. Our results also showed that aqueous extract was more active than ethanolic extract, with IC50 values of(1.67±0.22) μg/mL and(2.36±0.44) μg/mL on MdA-MB-231 cells, and(2.89±0.35) μg/mL and(5.09±0.52) μg/mL on HT29 cells, respectively. The study of the antioxidant activity showed that N. oleander extracts had a considerable scavenging capacity and exerted a significant preventive effect against the oxidation of 毬-carotene by the peroxide radicals. However, the antibacterial test showed that both ethanolic and aqueous extracts of N. oleander had a moderate antibacterial effect limited only to gram-positive bacteria. Conclusions: Our results shows that N. oleander aqueous and ethanolic extracts have significant cytotoxic activities against tumor cell lines and possesses a strong antioxidant capacity, suggesting the presence of active compounds in N. oleander leaves that could be a potential source of phytochemicals with high medicinal value to be used in cancer treatment and prevention.

关键词： Nerium oleander Anti-cancer Cytotoxicity Antioxidant Antimicrobial Bioactive compounds

Insight into genetic diversity of Cultivated Lima Bean (Phaseolus lunatus L.) in Benin

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american Journal of Molecular Biology 2023年第1期13卷 32-45页

作者： Rose Fernande Fagbédji Lambert gustave djedatin Chimène Nanoukon geofroy Kinhoegbe amed Havivi Hounnankpon Yédomonhan Clément Agbangla Laboratoire de biologie Moléculaire et de Bioinformatique Appliquée à la génomique (BIOgENOM) ENSBBA de Dassa-Zoumé Université Nationale des Sciences Technologies Ingénierie et Mathématiques (UNSTIM) Abomey Benin Ecole Normale Supérieure de l’Enseignement Technique (ENSet) de Lokossa Université Nationale des Sciences Technologies Ingénierie et Mathématiques (UNSTIM) Abomey Benin Laboratoire de Botanique et Ecologie végétale Faculté des Sciences et Techniques (FAST) Université d’Abomey-Calavi (UAC) Abomey-Calavi Benin département de génétique et des Biotechnologies Faculté des Sciences et Techniques (FAST) Université d’Abomey-Calavi Abomey-Calavi Benin

Lima bean is a tropical and subtropical legume from the genus Phaseolus which is cultivated for its importance in food and in medicine, but which remains a Neglected and Underutilized Crop in Benin. Understanding the genetic diversity of a species’ genetic resources is useful for the establishment of appropriate conservation strategies and breeding programs and for sustainable use. We use 6 out of ten SSR markers to analyze the diversity and population structure of 28 Lima bean landraces collected in Benin. A total of 28 alleles with an average of 4.16 alleles per SSR were amplified. The Polymorphic Information Content value ranged from 0.079 to 0.680 with an average of 0.408. The analysis of population structure revealed three subpopulations. PCoA revealed three well-separated clusters among the analyzed accessions in accordance with the population structure results and the clustering based on the Neighbor-Joining tree. amOvA showed highly significant (p = 0.001) diversity among and within populations. Hence, 32% of the genetic variation was distributed among the population and 68% was distributed within populations. A high PhiP value (0.321) was found between the three sub-subpopulations indicating a high genetic differentiation between these sub-subpopulations. By exhibiting the highest average number of alleles, Shannon-Weaver information and Shannon-Weaver diversity indices, and the highest mean number of private alleles, subpopulation 1 is the main gene pool of the analyzed collection. The present study is an important starting point for the establishment of appropriate conservation strategies and breeding programs for Lima bean genetic resources.

关键词： Phaseolus lunatus L. Benin genetic diversity SSR Markets Conservation

Evidence of SARS-Cov-2 infection in pets,captive non-human primates and farm animals in Central Africa

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2022年第5期15卷 232-235页

作者： gael d.Maganga Barthelemy Ngoubangoye Jumafra P.Koumba Sonia Lekana-douki Ivan C.Moussadji Kinga Thierry A.Tsoumbou Antoine M.Mbeang Beyeme Telstar g.Ndong Mebaley Jean-Bernard Lekana-douki Centre Interdisciplinaire de Recherches Medicales de Franceville(CIRMF) Unite Emergence des Maladies ViralesBP 769FrancevilleGabon Institut National Superieur d’Agronomie et de Biotechnologies(INSAB) Universite des Sciences et Techniques de Masuku(USTM)BP 941FrancevilleGabon Universite de Lyon Universite Lyon 1CNRSLaboratoire de Biometrie et Biologie evolutive UMR 555869622 VilleurbanneFrance LabEx ECOFECT Eco-evolutionary Dynamics of Infectious DiseasesUniversity of LyonLyonFrance

It has been reported that the host of SARS-Cov-2 can be extremely wide due to the conservation of angiotensin converting enzyme 2 in mammals[1].Several studies have reported natural or experimental infection with SARS-Cov-2 in pets,farm and captive wild animals[2-4].However,to the best of our knowledge,there was no published study assessing virus circulation among domestic or captive animals in Central,West and East *** this study,we assessed the presence and circulation of SARS-Cov-2 or other betacoronaviruses in pets,livestock and animals kept in captivity in conservation centers in Haut-Ogoouéprovince,southeastern gabon.

关键词： Central southeastern Africa

Can Stand density and Stem Stratification Be Indicators of Aboveground Biomass in Woody Plant Recruitment in Savannah

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Open Journal of Forestry 2022年第1期12卷 41-59页

作者： Saran Traoré Sébastien Ange Habih Nombré Issiaka Keïta Hassan Bismarck Nacro Brice Sinsin UFR/Sciences et Techniques Université Nazi Boni Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Laboratoire d’etude et de Recherche en Fertilité de Sols IDR Université Nazi Boni Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Laboratoire de biologie et Ecologie végétales UFR Sciences de la Vie et de la Terre Université Joseph Ki-Zerbo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratoire d’Ecologie Appliquée Faculté des Sciences Agronomiques Université d’Abomey-Calavi Cotonou République du Bénin

Stem density and size stratification of woody species are informative of vegetation conditions and its physiognomy in savannah whereas their variation influence woody population functioning. Current study endeavoured to evaluate the stand density and size variability of woody species related to aboveground biomass in a Sudanian savannah. Total height, stem diameter at breast height (dbh) ≥ 5 cm were measured in 30 plots of 50 m × 20 m laid in respect to vegetation type as bowal, shrubland and woodland. Species diversity, stem density, height and basal area were calculated and compared across sites and variation in stem dbh classes evaluated. Total aboveground biomass was estimated and thereafter linear relationships were established between stand density and aboveground biomass, and basal area. Results revealed three different sites with an overall 58 species identified through vegetation type including liana species (4 stems in bowal) with 18 genera and 42 families. Fabaceae Combretaceae, Anacardiaceae and Rubiaceae were dominant families. Small sized trees represented 72% of total stem density considered in structure with significant higher basal area, while large sized trees as 28% were scarcely distributed. More than 70% variation in biomass was due to stem density and basal area with a dominance of small trees. In conclusion increase size in tree community indicated increase in accumulated aboveground biomass as positive regeneration features. But, change in vegetation structure strongly influence negatively species ability to grow from lower to upper size class and later on, disrupt ecosystem functioning. Plant stem density and stratification could be con

关键词： Aboveground Biomass Biodiversity Conservation Plant Regeneration Stem Structure vegetation Type

Abundance and diversity of Woody Undergrowth Reservoir as Indicator of Suitable vegetation Patch for Natural Regeneration

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Open Journal of Ecology 2022年第2期12卷 113-132页

作者： Saran Traoré Issiaka Keïta Sébastien Ange Habih Nombré Hassan Bismarck Nacro Brice Sinsin UFR/de la vie et de la Terre Université Nazi Boni Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Laboratoire d’etude et de Recherche en Fertilité de Sols IDR Université Nazi Boni Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Laboratoire de biologie et Ecologie végétales UFR-Sciences de la Vie et de la Terre Université Joseph Ki-Zerbo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratoire d’Ecologie Appliquée Faculté des Sciences Agronomiques Université d’Abomey-Calavi Cotonou République du Bénin

The diversity, abundance and height structure of naturally regenerated woody species were analyzed and compared for undergrowth reservoir associated with vegetation patches as bowal, shrubland and woodland for understanding the effect of vegetation conditions on spatial distribution of woody plants in Sudanian ecosystem. All undergrowth individuals (height ded by species and the total height and collar diameter were measured in 50 subplots of 5 m × 5 m (or 25 m2) laid out in each vegetation patch during rainy season. In total 52 undergrowth species and 2224 stems arranged in 38 genera and 21 families out of which 25, 36 and 38 species were found in bowal, shrubland and woodland respectively and 15 shared species. Combretaceae, Caesalpiniaceae and Mimosaceae families were the most abundant and species density was significantly higher (P d and woodland than bowal, and increase diversity in only shrubland (P = 0.002) comparing with bowal. Undergrowth was abundantly concentrated in small height class as canopy benefit and indicate a specific-site distribution. Results also showed that bowal had a particular vegetation which vary in function of tree community characters in place (P dland and shrubland are similar vegetation patches. As conclusion, the study vegetation patches form suitable regeneration niches for the undergrowth reservoir of limited number of species which in return can be predictor of species richness and abundance and thus the structure of tree community. Woody undergrowth community could be considered in biodiversity management and degraded land restoration. Supplementary works could be undertaken to understand the characteristics of seed bank for bowal, shrubland and woodland regarding the undergrowth and tree communities.

关键词： Biodiversity Conservation Burkina Faso Regeneration Spatial Heterogeneity Sudanian Ecosystems

Efficacy of different Fungicides against Mango Anthracnose in Senegalese Soudanian Agroclimate

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american Journal of Plant Sciences 2014年第15期5卷 2224-2229页

作者： Papa Madiallacke diedhiou Yaya diallo Rokhaya Faye Abdou Aziz Mbengue Abdou Sene département de biologie végétale Université Cheikh Anta DIOP de Dakar Dakar Sénégal département productions végétales et Agronomie UFR des Sciences Agronomiques d’Aquaculture et des Technologies Alimentaires Université Gaston Berger Saint-Louis Sénégal

Anthracnose is the one of the most devastating diseases of mango produced in the southern part of Senegal. The field trials against post harvest rot due to anthracnose took place in three orchards over two production seasons, in 2009 and 2010. Three systemic fungicides (thiophanate methyl, azoxystrobin and myclobutanyl) and one contact fungicide (mancozeb) were tested for their efficacy. The first treatments in 2009 took place in the rainy season, while 20% of mangoes on trees exhibited anthracnose lesions. At ripening stage, 100% of fruits from non treated control mango trees were affected by anthracnose and got rotten, while between 73.2% and 80% of mangoes ripened free of disease when treated with thiophanate methyl. With the treatment with azoxystrobin, between 46.6% and 60% of fruits were not infected. Treatment with myclobutanyl was less effective. This level of effectiveness was clearly improved in 2010 by preventive spraying, days ahead of onset of the rainy season, before the appearance of anthracnose symptoms on fruits. The level of effectiveness was higher respectively for thiophanate methyl (between 96% and 100% of fruits not infected) and azoxystrobin (between 84% and 96% of fruits not infected).

关键词： Anthracnose Fungicides Mango Soudanian Agroclimate Senegal

Implication of Ions and Organic Solutes Accumulation in amaranth (<i>amaranthus cruentus</i>L.) Salinity Resistance

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american Journal of Plant Sciences 2019年第12期10卷 2335-2353页

作者： Agapit Wouyou Hermann Prodjinoto Ahissou Séraphin Zanklan Brigitte vanpee Stanley Lutts Christophe Bernard gandonou unité de Recherche sur l’Adaptation des Plantes aux Stress Abiotiques les Métabolites Secondaires et l’Amélioration des Productions Végétales Laboratoire de Physiologie Végétale et d’Etude des Stress Environnementaux Faculté des Sciences et Techniques (FAST/UAC) Tri Postal Cotonou Bénin groupe de Recherche en Physiologie végétale Earth and Life Institute ELI-A Université Catholique de Louvain Louvain-La-Neuve Belgique

Salinity is one of the major environmental constraints limiting agricultural productivity in the world. The effects of salt stress on growth, ions and organic solutes accumulation were investigated in two amaranth (amaranthus cruentus) cultivars: Rouge (salt-resistant) and Locale (salt-sensitive). Young plants of these cultivars were exposed, in hydroponic system, to three concentrations of NaCl: 0, 30 and 90 mM. growth parameters, ions, free proline and soluble sugars concentrations were determined after 2 weeks of stress. NaCl effect resulted in plant growth reduction in both cultivars but plants of cultivar Rouge were less affected compared to that of cv. Locale. Na+, proline and soluble sugars concentrations increased significantly in leaves and roots under salinity while K+, Ca2+ and Mg2+ concentrations decreased in both cultivars. Proline and soluble sugars increased significantly in leaves and roots of cultivar Locale whereas in cultivar Rouge, proline increase was significant only in roots and soluble sugars increase was significant only in leaves. The highest increase of Na+ concentration occurred in leaves of cv. Rouge coupled with the lowest reduction in K+ concentration. The highest increase of proline occurred in leaves of cultivar Locale whereas the highest increase of soluble sugars was observed in leaves of cultivar Rouge. The reduction of the Ca2+ concentration under salt stress was more accentuated in both leaves and roots of cultivar Rouge than cultivar Locale while cv. Rouge maintained higher content in Mg2+ either in leaves or in roots in the presence of NaCl than cultivar Locale. These results suggest an implication of Na+, K+ and Mg2+ in salt resistance in these cultivars and that soluble sugars may play an important role in salt-resistance in amaranthus cruentus. However, proline appears as a symptom of injury in stressed plants rather than an indicator of resistance.

关键词： growth Ions Concentration Osmolytes Accumulation amaranthus cruentus Salt-Resistance Mechanism

Prevalence and Spatial distribution of Badnavirus in the Banana (Musa spp) Major growing Areas in Burkina Faso

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american Journal of Plant Sciences 2023年第4期14卷 427-447页

作者： Bakary Ouattara drissa Sérémé Moustapha Koala Léon Wêndé-m’minèré Nitiéma Kadidia Koïta Emmanuel Kaboré Issa Wonni Laboratoire de Protection et défense des Cultures Institut de l’Environnement et de Recherches Agricoles Centre National de Recherche Scientifique et Technologique Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratoire de Biosciences Département de Biologie et Physiologie Végétale Université Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratoire Central d’horticulture Institut de l’Environnement et de Recherches Agricoles Centre National de Recherche Scientifique et Technologique Bobo Dioulasso Burkina Faso

Banana streak virus (BSv) and Sugarcane bacilliform virus (SCBv) are two badnaviruses commonly found in all banana growing areas of the world. It is a threat to the production and improvement of Musa germplasm. In Burkina Faso, the presence of badnaviruses was reported in banana producing regions. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of BSv and SCBv in banana production areas of Burkina Faso. A survey followed by a symptomatologic study was conducted in banana plantations in 27 localities of the nine main banana producing regions from July to October 2018 and September to december 2020. In all, 251 leaf samples were collected and analysed for BSv and SCBv infection by Indirect Antigen Coated Plate Assay-ELISA followed by amplification of the RT/RNase H region using Polymerase chain reaction with Badna FP/RP and SCBv F/R primers, respectively. A variety of symptoms were observed on almost all plant organs which were revealed due to BSv by symptomatologic study. The results of serological and molecular diagnosis revealed a high overall prevalence of BSv in 80.48% of the samples tested. BSv was distributed in seven survey regions out of nine with prevalence ranging from 10% to 100% in North, Centre, Centre West, Hauts Bassins, Cascades, Centre East and Boucle of Mouhoun regions. very low prevalence was recorded for SCBv in Cascades and East Centre region with 4.35 and 12.5%, respectively. Species detection using specific primers to each species revealed three main species: Banana streak Obino l’ewaï virus (BSOLv), goldfinger virus (BSgFv) and Imové virus (BSIMv) in the samples tested, respectively in the proportions of 23%, 8% and 0.8%. Co-infection between BSv species was also detected.

关键词： Banana Streak virus Sugarcane Bacilliform virus Indirect Antigen Coated Plate Assay Polymerase Chain Reaction Musa spp

different Thermostability of Skeletal Muscle glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase from Hibernating and Euthermic Jerboa (Jaculus orientalis)

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Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica 2003年第10期35卷 891-896页

作者： IddAR Abdelghani,CamPOS Luis A.,SANCHO Javier,SERRANO Aurelio,SOUKRI Abdelaziz Laboratoire de Biochimie departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Celular departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Celular Instituto de Bioquímica vegetal y Fotosíntesis Laboratoire de Biochimie unitè de gènie Enzymatique et biologie Molèculaire Facultè des Sciences-Ain Chock Casablanca Morocco Universidad de Zaragoza Zaragoza Spain Universidad de Zaragoza Zaragoza Spain CSIC-Universidad de Sevilla Sevilla Spain unitè de gènie Enzymatique et biologie Molèculaire Facultè des Sciences-Ain Chock Casablanca Morocco

In previous study, we demonstrated that the specific activity of d-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (gAPdH, EC 1.***.1.12) in skeletal muscle of induced hibernating jerboa (hibernating gAPdH) was 3-4 folds lower than that of the one in the skeletal muscle of the euthermic jerboa (euthermic gAPdH). A significant decrease in both gAPdH protein and gapC mRNA levels occurs when hibernating, but the purified hibernating gAPdH is less active than the euthermic gAPdH. To investigate the physico-chemical basis of this lower activity, the behaviour during thermal inactivation of skeletal muscle gAPdH from hibernating and euthermic tissues was examined by a variety of spectroscopic techniques, including fluorescence emission, circular dichroism and ultraviolet absorption. A clear resistance to thermal denaturation was observed in the hibernating gAPdH compared with the euthermic gAPdH. The different temperature of denaturation found in these proteins by both fluorimetry and circular dichroism indicates that there might exist conformational changes of gAPdH upon hibernation that could affect the stability of this enzyme.

关键词： glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase hibernation thermal denaturation circular dichroism spectroscopy protein stability