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Selective and constructive mechanisms contribute to neural circuit formation in the barrel cortex of the developing rat

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2013年第7期4卷 785-797页

作者： Eileen Uribe-Querol Eduardo Martínez-Martínez Luis Rodrigo Hernández Patricia Padilla Cortés Horacio Merchant-Larios Gabriel Gutiérrez-Ospinac Cell Biology and Physiology department Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Mexico City Mexico División de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación Facultad de Odontología Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Mexico City Mexico unidad de hplc Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Mexico City Mexico

The cellular strategy leading to formation of neuronal circuits in the rodent barrel cortex is still a matter of controversy. Both selective and constructive mechanisms have been proposed. The selective mechanism involves an overproduction of neuronal processes and synapses followed by activity dependent pruning. Conversely, a constructive mechanism would increase the number of axons, dendrites, and synapses during development to match functionality. In order to discern the contributions of these two mechanisms in establishing a neuronal circuit in the somatosensory cortex, morphometric analysis of dendritic and axonal arbor growth was performed. Also, the number of synapses was followed by electron microscopy during the first month of life. We observed that axonal and dendritic arbors retracted distal branches, and elongated proximal branches, resulting in increased arbor complexity. This neuronal remodeling was accompanied by the steady increase in the number of synapses within barrel hollows. Similarly, the content of molecular markers for dendrites, axons and synapses also increased during this period. Finally, cytochrome oxidase activity rose with age in barrels indicating that the arbors became more complex while synapse density and metabolic demands increased. Our results support the simultaneous use of both selective and constructive mechanisms in establishing the barrel cortex circuitry.

关键词： Barrel Cortex Synaptogenesis Axonal Growth dendritic Growth Thalamocortical Pathway

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Biogenic production of seleno-amino acids and seleno-nanoparticles by Saccharomyces boulardii

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FOOD BIOSCIENCE 2023年第3期53卷 840-847页

作者： Gonzalez-Salitre, Lourdes Castaneda-Ovando, Araceli Basilio-Cortes, Ulin Antobelli Garcia-Contreras, Adelfa del Carmen Rodriguez Serrano, Gabriela Mariana Cardelle-Cobas, Alejandra Roman-Gutierrez, Alma delia Gonzalez-Olivares, Luis Guillermo Univ Autonoma Estado Hidalgo Area Acad Quim Mineral De La Reforma Hidalgo Mexico Univ Autonoma Baja California Area Acad Biotecnol Agr Inst Ciencias Agr Mexicali BC Mexico Univ Autonoma Metropolitana Dept Biotecnol Div Ciencias Biol & Salud Unidad Iztapalapa Mexico City DF Mexico Univ Autonoma Metropolitana Dept Prod Agr & Anim Unidad Xochimilco Mexico City DF Mexico Univ Santiago de Compostela Dept Quim Analit Nutr & Bromatol Lab Higiene Inspecc & Control Alimentos Lugo Spain

Selenium is an essential element for humans as it involves different metabolic mechanisms. More bioavailable and bioaccessible selenium species are produced by microorganisms bioconverting inorganic selenium into nanoparticles and seleno-amino acids, which are of technological and health interest. Therefore, the objective of this study was the biogenic production of seleno-amino acids and selenium nanoparticles by Saccharomyces boulardii. It was found that the minimum inhibitory concentration of selenite that allowed the viability of the yeast, the biotransformation of selenium, and the production of selenium nanoparticles was 74 ppm of sodium selenite in YPD broth. The yeast accumulated 3.4 mg/g of selenium after 9 h of fermentation in the YPD broth enriched with the calculated minimum inhibitory concentration of Na2SeO3. The presence of selenomethionine, selenocysteine, and selenium nanoparticles was verified through RP-hplc and TEM analysis. The results demonstrated that the biogenic production of seleno-amino acids and seleno-nanoparticles by the probiotic yeast S. boulardii is possible. These compounds could have applications in the fields of food technology and medicine.

关键词： Selenium Seleno-amino acid Seleno-nanoparticle Probiotic yeast

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Cyclic heptapeptides with metal binding properties isolated from the fungus Cadophora malorum from Antarctic soil

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Natural Products and Bioprospecting 2022年第1期12卷 393-402页

作者： Guidmar C.Donalle María Martha Martorell Gastón E.Siless Lucas Ruberto Gabriela M.Cabrera Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales Departamento de Química OrgánicaUniversidad de Buenos AiresBuenos AiresArgentina unidad de Microanálisis y Métodos Físicos Aplicados a la Química Orgánica(UMYMFOR) CONICET-Universidad de Buenos AiresBuenos AiresArgentina Instituto Antártico Argentino Instituto NanobiotecCONICET-Universidad de Buenos AiresBuenos AiresArgentina

The Antarctic fungus Cadophora malorum produces previously undescribed cyclic heptapeptides(cadophorin A and B)containing an anthranilic acid *** planar structure of these peptides was determined by high-resolution mass spectrometry combined with extensive 1D and 2D NMR *** absolute configuration of the amino acids was determined by Marfey’s method,with hplc analysis of FDVA(Nα-(2,4-dinitro-5-fluorphenyl)-l-valinamide)derivatives making use of a PFP ***,cadophorin 2 possesses both the uncommon d-Ile and d-allo-Ile in its *** peptides have metal binding properties as shown by LCMS with post column addition of metal salt *** results were supported by DFT calculations.

关键词： Cyclic peptide Cadophora malorum Metal binding

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Oral Pharmacokinetics of Mirodenafil in Mexican Healthy Volunteers

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Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2014年第1期5卷 112-116页

作者： Miriam del Carmen Carrasco-Portugal Francisco Javier Flores-Murrieta Juan Gerardo Reyes-García Noemí Santos-Caballero Landsteiner Scientific S.A. de C.V. México DF México Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación Escuela Superior de Medicina Instituto Politécnico Nacional México DF México unidad de Investigación en Farmacología Insituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias “Ismael Cosio Villegas” México DF México unidad de Investigación en Farmacología Insituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias “Ismael Cosio Villegas” México DF México Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación Escuela Superior de Medicina Instituto Politécnico Nacional México DF México

Mirodenafil is a 5-phosphodiesterase inhibitor that is currently marketed in Korea for the treatment of erectile dysfunction;however, no information in other populations is available. It has been described that Mirodenafil is metabolized by CYP3A4, a metabolic pathway in which interethnic differences have been reported. The purpose of this study was to characterize the oral pharmacokinetics of Mirodenafil in Mexicans. Seventeen male healthy volunteers were enrolled in this study. After an overnight fast, volunteers received an oral 100 mg dose and blood samples were collected at selected times during 24 h. Plasma was stored frozen and analyzed by an hplc method. Pharmacokinetic parameters obtained were: Cmax 331.129 ± 32.689 ng/mL, tmax 1.574 ± 0.293 h, AUC24h 883.293 ± 104.088 ng·h/mL, AUC￥ 976.477 ± 108.812 ng·h/mL and t1/2 1.807 ± 0.171 h. Parameter values observed in this study are similar to those reported in Koreans. Since efficacy and safety studies of Mirodenafil have been conducted in Koreans, it is expected that dosage regime to employ in Mexicans should be similar to the approved for Korean population.

关键词： Erectile Dysfunction Healthy Volunteers Mexican Mirodenafil Pharmacokinetic

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Comparison on the Pharmacokinetics and Weight Reduction of Clobenzorex Slow Release and Immediate Release Formulations in Obese Patients

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Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2013年第2期4卷 218-221页

作者： Federico Argüelles-Tello Miriam del C.Carrasco-Portugal Norma A.Carrasco-Portugal Jose Carlos Aguilar-Carrasco Selene I.Patino-Camacho Cecilia Fernandez del Valle Gerardo Reyes-Garcia Francisco J.Flores-Murrieta Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación Escuela Superior de Medicina del Instituto Politecnico NacionalMexico CityMexico unidad de Investigación en Farmacología Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío VillegasMexico CityMexico Centro de Estudios Biofarmaceuticos Mexico CityMexico Instituto Nacional de Perinatología Mexico CityMexico

Clobenzorex is an anorexigenic drug that is widely used in Mexicofor the treatment of obesity, since it helps to reduce body weight. This drug is available as immediate release capsules. To improve compliance to treatment, it was developed a new slow release formulation. In order to establish its usefulness, oral pharmacokinetics and weight reduction of slow release and immediate release formulations of clobenzorex in obese patients were compared. Sixty patients with a BMI higher than 27 kg/m2 were included in the study. Two groups of 30 patients were formed, one of them received 30 mg immediate release formulation b.i.d. and the other group received one 60 mg slow release formulation once a day, since under this scheme these formulations are prescribed. Blood samples were obtained at selected times during the first day and once weekly during 4 weeks. After the last dose, samples were obtained at selected times during 48 h. Plasma levels were determined by hplc-MS/MS and pharmacokinetic parameters were obtained. Reduction in Cmax due to increased tmax, as well as, increased half-life were observed with the slow release formulation in comparison with immediate release formulation. Although lower plasma levels of clobenzorex were reached with the slow release formulation, reduction of body weight was similar with both products. Based on the results, it was concluded that slow release formulation of clobenzorex is an adequate formulation of clobenzorex, since pharmacokinetics and effects observed are compatible with a once a day administration.

关键词： Clobenzorex Pharmacokinetics Slow Release Formulation

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The hydrolysis degree of agave syrup modulates its functional properties: Impact on metabolic responses and oxidative stress in C57BL/6 mice

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FOOD BIOSCIENCE 2023年第3期53卷 2535-2542页

作者： Cardona-Herrera, Roman Franco-Robles, Elena Quinones-Munoz, Tannia Alexandra Ozuna, Cesar Univ Guanajuato Posgrad Biociencias Div Ciencias Vida Campus Irapuato Salamanca Irapuato 36500 Guanajuato Mexico Univ Guanajuato Dept Vet & Zootecnia Div Ciencias Vida Irapuato 36500 Guanajuato Mexico Consejo Nacl Human Ciencias & Tecnol CONAHCYT Ctr Invest & Asistencia Unidad Tecnol Alimentaria Disen Estado Jalisco CIATEJ Camino Arenero 1227 Zapopan 45019 Jalisco Mexico Univ Guanajuato Dept Alimentos Div Ciencias Vida Irapuato 36500 Guanajuato Mexico Univ Guanajuato Dept Alimentos Posgrad Biociencias Div Ciencias Vida Salamanca 36500 Guanajuato Mexico

Nowadays, agave syrup (AS) is a controversial sweetener due to its high fructose content. However, the hydrolysis process to which AS is subjected could contribute to improving its functional properties. This work aimed to evaluate the relationship between the degree of hydrolysis (DH) of AS (95%: AS95, 88%: AS88, and 50%: AS50) and its functional properties. In addition, the impact of these properties on weight gain, blood biochemical parameters, and oxidative stress (lipids and proteins) was studied in C57BL/6 mice. By hplc analysis, the main polyphenols identified in AS were catechin, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, vanillin, quercetin, naringin, rutin, ellagic acid, and gallic acid. As the DH of AS increased, its fructose concentration increased (p decreased. In the case of blood glucose, the mice drinking AS solutions did not present differences (p > 0.05) in comparison to the control (water). However, mice drinking AS50 solutions showed a decrease (p des (18-22%), and oxidative stress in lipids (63%) and proteins (44%) compared to mice drinking AS88 and AS95 solutions.

关键词： Natural sweeteners Fructose Fructans Polyphenols Antioxidant capacity

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成熟度和贮期对仙人掌浆果(Myrtillocactus geometrizans)酚类物质、VC、甜菜碱和抗氧化物质的影响

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保鲜与加工 2011年第6期11卷 56-56页

作者： María G.Herrera-Hernández unidad de Biotecnología del Campo Experimental Bajío(INIFAP) Km.6.5 CarrCelaya-San Miguel AllendeCelayaGto.38110Mexico

研究了不同成熟度与贮期对仙人掌浆果果实的颜色、总酚、甜菜碱和VC含量的影响,同时研究了这些抗氧化物质对果实总抗氧化力(TEAC)和氧自由基吸收能力(ORAC)的影响。酚采用高效液相色谱法——二极管阵列检测器(hplc-DAD)测定。结果表明,... 详细信息

研究了不同成熟度与贮期对仙人掌浆果果实的颜色、总酚、甜菜碱和VC含量的影响,同时研究了这些抗氧化物质对果实总抗氧化力(TEAC)和氧自由基吸收能力(ORAC)的影响。酚采用高效液相色谱法——二极管阵列检测器(hplc-DAD)测定。结果表明,经过贮藏后熟的果实,其颜色与成熟和过熟的果实颜色类似,而总酚和VC含量则分别下降了82.4%和68.5%,与此相反,β-花青苷含量上升了51.8%;甜菜碱的抗氧化作用在TEAC和ORAC中分别占58.4%和43.4%;没食子酸和槲皮黄酮是主要的单酚物质。这些抗氧化物质在果实中的含量和抗氧化活性可以很好地保持浆果果实的品质。

关键词： Myrtillocactus geometrizans 仙人掌浆果甜菜碱酚抗氧化能力 TEAC ORAC

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