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Impact of Association between Functional Training and Respiratory Muscle Training in Elderly: A Randomized Controlled Trial

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Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering 2023年第1期16卷 1-15页

作者： Guilherme Medeiros de Alvarenga Jessica Aline Zarantonello Sauer Larissa de Almeida de Lara Julio Cesar Francisco Humberto Remigio Gamba Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Federal University of Technology CPGEI Curitiba Brazil Department of Physiotherapy Positivo University UP Curitiba Brazil unicuritiba Curitiba Brazil

The elderly population in Brazil has been growing exponentially according to data presented by the IBGE. It is estimated that by 2025 the population will have reached 32 million, placing the country sixth in the world in the population of elderly people. To assess the results of respiratory training associated with functional training on respiratory muscle strength, lung function, and functionality of the elderly. The sample was composed of 40 elderlies, divided into four groups, the experimental group with functional training, one experimental group with functional training associated with respiratory training, one experimental group with respiratory training, and the fourth group, the control group. After the initial and final evaluations, the variables measured were: The Breathing Test, Sit to Stand Test, the SF-36 Quality of Life Questionnaire, and Spirometry. Twenty appointments were conducted twice a week. There were significant differences for variables maximum inspiratory and expiratory pressure;more accentuated in the associated group when compared to the respiratory group;forced vital capacity and forced expiratory volume in the first second/forced vital capacity were meaningful in the associated group;peak expiratory flow means values increased after the intervention;in the six-minute walk test, we noticed a trend to increase values after the intervention. Functional training as well as associated respiratory muscle training provide the most beneficial changes compared only to functional and respiratory training. Therefore, this may be an effective clinical training method for patients’ elderly.

关键词： Physiotherapy Elderly Respiratory Training Muscle Strength Gerontology

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A Bi-Objective Green Vehicle Routing Problem: A New Hybrid Optimization Algorithm Applied to a Newspaper Distribution

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Journal of Geographic Information System 2021年第4期13卷 410-433页

作者： Júlio César Ferreira Maria Teresinha Arns Steiner unicuritiba Curitiba Paraná Brazil Graduate Program in Industrial Engineeringand Systems (PPGEPS) Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná (PUCPR) Curitiba Paraná Brazil

The purpose of this work is to present a methodology to provide a solution to a Bi-objective Green Vehicle Routing Problem (BGVRP). The methodology, illustrated using a case study (newspaper distribution problem) and literature Instances, was divided into three stages: Stage 1, data treatment;Stage 2, “metaheuristic approaches” (hybrid or non-hybrid), used comparatively, more specifically: NSGA-II (Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II), MOPSO (Multi-Objective Particle Swarm Optimization), which were compared with the new approaches proposed by the authors, CWNSGA-II (Clarke and Wright’s Savings with the Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II) and CWTSNSGA-II (Clarke and Wright’s Savings, Tabu Search and Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II);Stage 3, analysis of the results, with a comparison of the algorithms. An optimization of 19.9% was achieved for Objective Function 1 (OF1;minimization of CO2 emissions) and consequently the same percentage for the minimization of total distance, and 87.5% for Objective Function 2 (OF2;minimization of the difference in demand). Metaheuristic approaches hybrid achieved superior results for case study and instances. In this way, the procedure presented here can bring benefits to society as it considers environmental issues and also balancing work between the routes, ensuring savings and satisfaction for the users.

关键词： Bi-Objective Green Vehicle Routing Problem Green Logistics Meta-Heuristic Procedures Case Study Literature Instances

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