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Estimation of Treatment Benefit in Patients with Cerebral Arteriovenous Malformations

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Open Journal of Modern Neurosurgery 2012年第3期2卷 29-35页

作者： Peter Lindvall Patric Blomstedt A.Tommy Bergenheim Department of Neurosurgery Umea University HospitalUmeaSweden

Background: Cerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are vascular lesions that may be associated with a significant morbidity and mortality. There is still today no consensus regarding treatment of unruptured AVMs. Using known data from the literature, and data from our own institution concerning stereotactic radiotherapy, our aim was to construct an equation that may be used to evaluate the benefit of intervention vs. conservative treatment in unruptured AVMs. Methods: Assuming an annual bleeding risk of 4% and previously reported mortality (29%) and morbidity (16%) rates after a bleeding from an AVM, an equation was constructed. This equation would estimate the time until the combined mortality and morbidity associated with conservative treatment would equal the mortality and morbidity of stereotactic radiotherapy. Results: Using stereotactic radiotherapy this treatment would benefit over conservative treatment in excess of 8.12 years. The risk of bleeding was the most important factor influencing the benefit of intervention vs. conservative treatment. Conclusions: We argue that that it may be possible to estimate the benefit of intervention vs. conservative treatment in an unruptured AVM. This may be achieved using our proposed equation and data specific to each center performing treatment for AVMs.

关键词： Arteriovenous Malformation Cerebrovascular Disease Strokes Treatment

Undetermination of the relation between network synchronizability and betweenness centrality

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Chinese Physics B 2011年第4期20卷 571-575页

作者：王圣军吴枝喜董海荣陈关荣 Department of Electronic Engineering City University of Hong Kong Department of Physics Umea University College of Electrical and Information Engineering Beijing Jiao Tong University

Betweenness centrality is taken as a sensible indicator of the synchronizability of complex networks. To test whether betweenness centrality is a proper measure of the synchronizability in specific realizations of random networks, this paper adds edges to the networks and then evaluates the changes of betweenness centrality and network synchronizability. It finds that the two quantities vary independently.

关键词： synchronization chaotic oscillator complex networks fluctuation

Periodic Motion Planning and Control for Double Rotary Pendulum via Virtual Holonomic Constraints

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2019年第1期6卷 291-298页

作者： Zeguo Wang Leonid B.Freidovich Honghua Zhang Beijing Institute of Control Engineering IEEE the Robotics and Control Laboratory (www.control.tfe.umu.se) Department of Applied Physics and ElectronicsUmea University

Periodic motion planning for an under-actuated system is rather difficult due to differential dynamic constraints imposed by passive dynamics, and it becomes more difficult for a system with higher underactuation degree, that is with a higher difference between the number of degrees of freedom and the number of independent control inputs. However, from another point of view, these constraints also mean some relation between state variables and could be used in the motion *** consider a double rotary pendulum, which has an underactuation degree 2. A novel periodic motion planning is presented based on an optimization search. A necessary condition for existence of the whole periodic trajectory is given because of the higher underactuation degree of the system. Moreover this condition is given to make virtual holonomic constraint(VHC) based control design feasible. Therefore, an initial guess for the optimization of planning a feasible periodic motion is based on this necessary condition. Then, VHCs are used for the system transformation and transverse linearization is used to design a static state feedback controller with periodic matrix function gain. The controller gain is found through another optimization procedure. The effectiveness of initial guess and performance of the closed-loop system are illustrated through numerical simulations.

关键词： Double rotary pendulum periodic motion planning under-actuated mechanical systems virtual holonomic constraint (VHC)

Urinary N—Acetyl—β—D—glucosaminidase Isoenzymes as Biomarker of Renal Dysfunction Caused by Cadmium in a General Population

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浙江省医学科学院学报 2001年第1期12卷 60-67页

作者： JinTai－yi GumarNordberg DepatmentofEmvironmentalMedicine UmeaUniversity90187UmeaSwedn DepatmentofEmvironmentalMedicine Umea

Asymmetry in Value Relevance of Environmental Performance （EP） Information： Contingency Effects of Size and Industry

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Journal of Modern Accounting and Auditing 2013年第6期9卷 777-789页

作者： Natalia Semenova Lars G. Hassel Abo Akademi University Turku Finland umea University Umea Sweden

Contemporary research documents a positive but weak price premium from environmental performance （EP）. The specific circumstances of pricing EP of large and small companies and in polluting and clean industries have not, however, been investigated. This study predicts that financial markets price EP beyond financial fundamentals differently, depending on company size and the environmental risk of the industry and provides evidence relying on a set of the Sweden Stock Market 300 （SIX 300） companies listed on the Stockholm Stock Exchange （OMX Stockholm）. Applying a value relevance model, the average results are in line with previous findings that EP adds value beyond the book value of equity and earnings. The asymmetry in EP is, however, driven by company size and the environmental risk of the industry. This study suggests that large companies in low-risk industries obtain strong price premiums from being environmental industry leaders. In contrast, small companies and also companies in high-risk industries do not necessarily accrue the same market benefits.

关键词： environmental performance (EP) market premium industry risk size moderated regression analysis (MRA)

Individual variation in dispersal associated behavioral traits of the invasive Chinese mitten crab （Eriocheir sinensis, H. Milne Edwards, 1854） during initial invasion of Lake V^inern, Sweden

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Current Zoology 2014年第3期60卷 410-416页

作者： Tomas BRODIN Marcus K. DROTZ Department of Ecology and Environmental Science Umea University Sweden Lake Vanem Museum of Natural and Cultural History Framnisvsgen 2 53154 Lidkoping Sweden

Understanding and predicting species range-expansions and biological invasions is an important challenge in modem ecology because of rapidly changing environments. Recent studies have revealed that consistent within-species variation in behavior （i.e. animal personality） can be imperative for dispersal success, a key stage in the invasion process. Here we investigate the composition and correlation of two important personality traits associated with invasion success, activity and boldness, and how they are connected to sex and individual size in a newly colonised population of the Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis in Lake Vanem, Sweden. We found no effect of sex or size on behavioral expressions orE. sinensis but a clear positive correlation between boldness and activity. In addition, this study generates important baseline data for monitoring behavioral develop ment, and thereby changing ecological impact, of an invading population over time. This has implications for predicting ecological effects of invasive species as well as for managing ecological invasions.

关键词： Eriocheir sinensis Biological invasion Behavior Boldness Activity Invasion front

Disruptions in AUXl-Dependent Auxin Influx Alter Hypocotyl Phototropism in Arabidopsis

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Molecular Plant 2008年第1期1卷 129-144页

作者： Bethany B. Stonea Emily L. Stowe-Evans Reneé M. Harper R. Brandon Celaya Karin Ljung Goran Sandbergc Emmanuel Liscum Division of Biological Sciences University of Missouri Columbia Missouri 65211 USA Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center University of Missouri Columbia Missouri 65211 USA Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology Umea Plant Science Center SE-90183 Umea Sweden Current address: Biology Department Bucknell University Lewisburg Pennsylvania 17837 USA.

Phototropism represents a differential growth response by which plant organs can respond adaptively to changes in the direction of incident light to optimize leaf/stem positioning for photosynthetic light capture and root growth orientation for water/nutrient acquisition. Studies over the past few years have identified a number of compo- nents in the signaling pathway（s） leading to development of phototropic curvatures in hypocotyls. These include the pho- totropin photoreceptors （photl and phot2） that perceive directional blue-light （BL） cues and then stimulate signaling, leading to relocalization of the plant hormone auxin, as well as the auxin response factor NPH4/ARF7 that responds to changes in local auxin concentrations to directly mediate expression of genes likely encoding proteins necessary for development of phototropic curvatures, While null mutations in NPH4/ARF7 condition an aphototropic response to unidirectional BL, seedlings carrying the same mutations recover BL-dependent phototropic responsiveness if coirradiated with red light （RL） or pre-treated with either ethylene. In the present study, we identify second-site enhancer mutations in the nph4 background that abrogate these recovery responses. One of these mutations-mapl （modifier of arf7 phenotypes 1）-was found to represent a missense allele of AUX1-a gene encoding a high-affinity auxin influx carrier previously associated with a number of root responses. Pharmocological studies and analyses of additional auxl mutants confirmed that AUX1 functions as a modulator of hypocotyl phototropism. Moreover, we have found that the strength of dependence of hypocotyl phototropism on AUX1-mediated auxin influx is directly related to the auxin responsiveness of the seedling in question.

关键词： AUX1-Dependent Auxin NPH4/ARF7

Lack of Consensus and Dense Content in Informational Letters on Benign Gynecological Surgery

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2018年第14期8卷 1583-1595页

作者： Sofia Widetun Margareta Nilsson Mats Lofgren Maria Lindqvist Department of Clinical Sciences Obstetrics and GynecologyUmea UniversityUmeaSweden

Objective: This study maps the contents of departmental informational letters and explores whether the national GynOp letters live up to the patients’ expectations and needs. Introduction: Patients who are well informed before undergoing surgery experience reduced stress and increased understanding of the postoperative process. Although providing patients with written information before gynecological surgery is widely used and assumed important, no study has investigated what information patients truly need. Methods: In 2014, all 59 gynecological departments in Sweden were asked to provide the information letter they send to patients before hysterectomy on benign indication. 32 letters were analyzed using frequency analysis. In addition, three focus groups were conducted and these data were submitted to Qualitative Content Analysis. Results: The analysis of the information letters showed great variation and discrepancy in pre-operative information. The analysis of the focus groups resulted in the theme You can’t see the forest for the trees, reflecting that, the women found it very difficult to identify the most important information among the massive amount information received. Conclusions: The informational letters did not meet the patients’ expectations and needs. Practice implications: This study could serve as a foundation for the content of informational letters.

关键词： Patient Information Gynecological Surgery Quality Register Qualitative Focus Group Discussions

Associations of accelerometer-determined physical activity and sedentary behavior with sarcopenia and incident falls over 12 months in community-dwelling Swedish older adults

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2021年第5期10卷 577-584页

作者： David Scott Jonas Johansson Anoohya Gandham Peter R.Ebeling Peter Nordstrom Anna Nordstrom Department of Medicine School of Clinical Sciences at Monash HealthMonash UniversityClaytonVIC 3168Australia Department of Medicine and Australian Institute of Musculoskeletal Science Melbourne Medical School Western Campusthe University of MelbourneSt AlbansVIC 3021Australia Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine Section of Sustainable HealthUmea UniversityUmea SE-90187Sweden Department of Community Medicine UiT the Arctic University of NorwayTromsø9010Norway Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation Geriatric MedicineUmea UniversityUmea SE-90187Sweden School of Sport Sciences UiT the Arctic University of NorwayTromsø9010Norway

Purpose:This study was aimed to determine associations of accelerometer-determined time and bouts of sedentary behavior,light physical activity(LPA),and moderate-to-vigorous PA(MVPA)with sarcopenia and incident falls over 12 ***:A total of 3334 Swedish 70-year-olds were assessed for sarcopenia,as defined by the revised definition of the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older *** were based on low scores for appendicular lean mass(dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry),hand grip strength,and the Timed Up and Go *** 7 days after baseline,total time and total number of bouts(≥10 min of continuous activity at a given intensity)of activity performed at sedentary,LPA,and MVPA intensities were assessed by *** falls were self-reported 6 months and 12 months after ***:Only 1.8%of participants had probable or confirmed *** multivariable adjustment for other levels of activity,only greater MVPA time was associated with a decreased likelihood of having low appendicular lean mass,low hand grip strength,and slow Timed Up and Go time as defined by the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People criteria(all p0.05).Conclusion:Higher amounts of accelerometer-determined MVPA are consistently associated with a decreased likelihood of sarcopenia and its components,regardless of the length of bouts or amounts of sedentary behavior.

关键词： Accelerometer Falls Older adults Physical activity Sarcopenia