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A hybrid policy gradient and rule-based control framework for electric vehicle charging

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能源与人工智能(英文) 2021年第2期4卷 1-15页

作者： Brida V.Mbuwir Lennert Vanmunster Klaas Thoelen Geert Deconinck EnergyVille Thor Park 8310Genk 3600Belgium ESAT-Electa KU LeuvenKasteelpark Arenberg 10 bus 2445Leuven 3001Belgium

Recent years have seen a significant increase in the adoption of electric vehicles,and investments in electric vehicle charging infrastructure and rooftop photo-voltaic *** ability to delay electric vehicle charging provides inherent flexibility that can be used to compensate for the intermittency of photo-voltaic generation and optimize against fluctuating electricity *** this flexibility,however,requires smart control algorithms capable of handling uncertainties from photo-voltaic generation,electric vehicle energy demand and user’s *** paper proposes a control framework combining the advantages of reinforcement learning and rule-based control to coordinate the charging of a fleet of electric vehicles in an office *** control objective is to maximize self-consumption of locally generated electricity and consequently,minimize the electricity cost of electric vehicle *** performance of the proposed framework is evaluated on a real-world data set from EnergyVille,a Belgian research *** results show that the proposed control framework achieves a 62.5%electricity cost reduction compared to a business-as-usual or passive charging *** addition,only a 5%performance gap is achieved in comparison to a theoretical near-optimal strategy that assumes perfect knowledge on the required energy and user behaviour of each electric vehicle.

关键词： Electric vehicles Smart charging Proximal policy optimization Reinforcement learning

胎儿镜引导下激光血管凝固治疗双胎输血综合征后出现双胎间单绒毛膜胎盘血管吻合现象:有肉眼无法发现的微小血管吗?

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（妇产科学分册） 2006年第8期2卷 14-15页

作者： Lewi L. Jani J. Cannie M. 朱国栋 uz-gasthuisberg Leuven Belgium Dr.

Objective: This study was undertaken to detect missed anastomoses on the chorionic surface as well as hidden connections in the depth of the cotyledons in placentas after laser coagulation for twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) and to correlate these findings to clinical outcome. Study design: All cord vessels were injected with dyed barium sulphate. A digital photograph of the chorionic surface angioarchitecture and single-shot digital X- ray (Rx) angiograms were made. The presence and diameter of any missed anastomoses on the chorionic surface and of any hidden angiographic connections were determined. Results: Fifty placentas were analyzed,7 of double intrauterine fetal death (IUFD) and 43 of double survivors. In 9 of 43 (21% ) cases with double survival and in all 7 cases of double IUFD, missed anastomoses were identified that should have been ablated by laser coagulation (P < .001). There appeared to be a correlation between the type and diameter of missed anastomoses on the chorionic surface and the clinical outcome. Placentas with missed large arteriovenous/venoarterial anastomoses (AV/VA) (N = 8) were from cases with recurrent TTTS or double IUFD (unless compensated by a large arterioarterial anastomosis [AA]). Next, missed small AV/VA (N = 4) without AA resulted in isolated (ie, without TTTS) discordant hemoglobin levels requiring intrauterine transfusion. Finally, when there were no missed anastomoses (N = 34), TTTS had resolved in all cases and outcome was good, although 1 case had discordant hemoglobin values treated with a single intrauterine transfusion and 4 others had discordant hemoglobin at birth. On Rx angiography, potential hidden connections were present, all but 1 case. Conclusion: Coagulation of all anastomoses visible on the chorionic surface seems adequate to treat TTTS. However, hidden connections in the depth of the cotyledon could not be excluded and may be involved in lesser degrees of intertwin transfusion.

关键词：单绒毛膜胎盘双胎输血综合征胎儿镜凝固治疗血管吻合微小血管交通支外胎盘临床结局宫内输

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太阳活动预测:太阳黑子数和太阳综合磁图

中国科学：地球科学 2024年第8期54卷 2496-2514页

作者：卓睿何建森段叠林荣吴子祺闫丽梅魏勇北京大学地球与空间科学学院北京100091 国防科技大学前沿交叉学科学院长沙410073 Centre for Mathematical Plasma Astrophysics Department of MathematicsKU LeuvenLeuven 3001Belgium 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所地球与行星物理重点实验室北京100029 中国科学院大学地球与行星科学学院北京100049

太阳磁场的演化对于了解和预测太阳活动至关重要,而目前对于太阳磁场的认识很大程度依赖于光球磁场.本文基于威尔科克斯天文台观测的光球磁场及其球谐展开形式,对光球磁场球谐系数的时间序列进行了分析,并对第25太阳活动周的太阳黑子数... 详细信息

太阳磁场的演化对于了解和预测太阳活动至关重要,而目前对于太阳磁场的认识很大程度依赖于光球磁场.本文基于威尔科克斯天文台观测的光球磁场及其球谐展开形式,对光球磁场球谐系数的时间序列进行了分析,并对第25太阳活动周的太阳黑子数和综合磁图进行了预测.结果发现,光球磁场在太阳高年存在着复杂的短周期扰动.此外,光球磁场球谐系数g_(7)^(0)与太阳黑子数的时间序列接近同相位,这可能与太阳的子午环流有关.利用长短时记忆网络(LSTM),本文预测第25活动周的太阳黑子数峰值可能出现在2024年6月前后8个月内,峰值黑子数预计为166.9±22.6,下一个黑子数最低值可能出现在2031年1月左右.结合经验模态分解方法,进一步预测了截断到5阶的太阳综合磁图,并验证了预测结果具有一定的可靠性.此次预测不仅弥补了太阳磁场全球分布预测的空白,而且对未来的太阳观测计划具有潜在的参考价值.

关键词：太阳活动预测太阳磁场球谐展开长短时记忆(LSTM) 经验模态分解(EMD)

Voltage-controlled reverse filament growth boosts resistive switching memory

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Nano Research 2018年第8期11卷 4017-4025页

作者： Attilio Belmonte Umberto Celano Zhe Chen Janaki Radhaskrishnan' Augusto Redolfi Sergiu Clima Olivier Richard Hugo Bender Gouri Sankar Kar Wilfried Vandervorst Ludovic Goux IMEC Kapeldreef 75 B-3001 Heverlee (Leuven) Belgium Institute of Microelectronics Peking University Beijing 100871 China Department of Physics and Astronomy KU Leuven Celestijnenlaan2OOD 3001 Leuven Belgium Attilio Belmonte and Umberto Celano contributed equally to this work.

Nonvolatile memory devices based on filamentary resistance switching （KS） are among the frontrunners to fuel future devices and sensors of the internet of things （IoT） era. The capability of many two distinctive resistive states in response to an external electrical stimulus has been demonstrated. Through years of selection, cells based on the drift of metal ions, namely conductive-bridge memory devices, have shown a wide range of applications with nanosecond switching speeds, nanometer scalability, high-density, and low power-consumption. However, for low （sub-10-~A） current operation, a critical challenge is still represented by programming variability and by the stability of the conductive filament over time. Here, by introducing the concept of reverse filament growth （RFG）, we managed to control the structural reconfiguration of the conductive filament inside a memory cell with significant enhancements of each of the aforementioned properties. A first-in-class Cu-based switching device is demonstrated, with a dedicated stack that enabled us to systematically trigger RFG, thus tuning the device＇s properties. Along with nanosecond switching speeds, we achieved an endurance of up to 106 cycles with a 102 read window, with outstanding disturb immunity and optimal stability of the filament over time. Furthermore, by tuning the filament＇s shape, an excellent control of multi-level bit operations was achieved. Thus, this device offers high flexibility in memory applications.

关键词： filamentary resistiveswitching conductive bridge randomaccess memory (CBRA)VO conductive bridge negative set reverse filament growth

S-scheme CoTiO_(3)/Cd_(9.51)Zn_(0.49)S_(10)heterostructures for visible-light driven photocatalytic CO_(2) reduction

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第29期124卷 164-170页

作者： Bo Su Haowei Huang Zhengxin Ding Maarten B.J.Roeffaers Sibo Wang Jinlin Long State Key Lab of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment College of Chemistry Fuzhou UniversityFuzhou 350108China cMACS Department of Microbial and Molecular SystemsKU LeuvenCelestijnenlaan 200FLeuven 3001Belgium

CdZnS solid solutions with strong light absorption are promising materials for solar-driven COreduction;however,their relatively weak redox ability and intrinsic photo-corrosion limit their further development as a *** addition of a second photocatalyst with a suitable band structure to construct a S-scheme photocatalytic system can solve both problems ***,we report a S-scheme photocatalyst based on the heterostructure of CoTiO_(3)/CdZnS(abbreviated as CoTiO_(3)/Cd_(9.51)Zn_(0.49)S_(10))that enables the efficient photocatalytic reduction of *** physicochemical characterization resolves the S-scheme charge transfer mechanism in this composite *** the well-designed structure of particles and desirable band offsets,this hybrid system offers visible light absorption in a broad spectral region,large surface area,strong redox ability,and fast carrier separation and *** visible-light illumination,the CoTiO_(3)/Cd Zn S hybrid system displays a CO formation rate of about 11 mmol hgcombined with a long-term operational ***,a high apparent quantum efficiency(AQE)of 7.27%is realized for the CO_(2)-to-CO reduction reaction by the optimized Co TiO/Cd Zn S hybrid under 420 nm monochromatic light irradiation.

关键词： Photocatalysis CO_(2)reduction S-scheme Metal sulfides Heterostructure

Modeling and simulation of microstructure in metallic systems based on multi-physics approaches

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npj Computational Materials 2022年第1期8卷 867-881页

作者： Jaber Rezaei Mianroodi Pratheek Shanthraj Chuanlai Liu Samad Vakili Sharan Roongta Nima Hamidi Siboni Nathan Perchikov Yang Bai Bob Svendsen Franz Roters Dierk Raabe Martin Diehl Microstructure Physics and Alloy Design Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung40237DüsseldorfGermany Ergodic Labs Lohmühlenstraße12435BerlinGermany The Department of Materials The University of ManchesterManchesterM139PLUK Material Mechanics RWTH Aachen University52062AachenGermany Department of Computer Science KU LeuvenCelestijnenlaan 200A3001LeuvenBelgium Department of Materials Engineering KU LeuvenKasteelpark Arenberg 443001LeuvenBelgium

The complex interplay between chemistry,microstructure,and behavior of many engineering materials has been investigated predominantly by experimental *** to the increase in computer power,advances in computational modeling methods have resulted in a level of sophistication which is comparable to that of *** the continuum level,one class of such models is based on continuum thermodynamics,phase-field methods,and crystal plasticity,facilitating the account of multiple physical mechanisms (multi-physics) and their interaction during microstructure *** paper reviews the status of simulation approaches and software packages in this field and gives an outlook towards promising research directions.

关键词： computer microstructure metallic

A robust methodology for the quantitative assessmentof the rat jawbone microstructure

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International Journal of Oral Science 2017年第2期9卷 87-94页

作者： Marissa Chatterjee Fernanda Faot Cassia Correa Joke Duyck Ignace Naert Katleen Vandamme Department of Oral Health Sciences&Dental Clinic Biomaterials--BlOMATKU Leuven&University Hospitals LeuvenLeuvenBelgium Federal University of Pelotas--School of Dentistry PelotasBrazil University of Campinas--UNICAMP/Piracicaba Dental School PiracicabaBrazil

Micro-computed tomography can be applied for the assessment of the micro-architectural characteristics of the cortical and trabecular bones in either physiological or disease conditions. However, reports often lack a detailed description of the methodological steps used to analyse these images, such as the volumes of interest, the algorithms used for image filtration, the approach used for image segmentation, and the bone parameters quantified, thereby making it difficult to compare or reproduce the studies. This study addresses this critical need and aims to provide standardized assessment and consistent parameter reporting related to quantitative jawbone image analysis. Various regions of the rat jawbones were screened for their potential for standardized micro-computed tomography analysis. Furthermore, the volumes of interest that were anticipated to be most susceptible to bone structural changes in response to experimental interventions were defined. In the mandible, two volumes of interest were selected, namely, the condyle and the trabecular bone surrounding the three molars. In the maxilla, the maxillary tuberosity region and the inter-radicular septum of the second molar were considered as volumes of interest. The presented protocol provides a standardized and reproducible methodology for the analysis of relevant jawbone volumes of interest and is intended to ensure global, accurate, and consistent reporting of its morphometry. Furthermore, the proposed methodology has potential, as a variety of rodent animal models would benefit from its implementation.

关键词： bone microarchitecture jawbone methodology micro-computed tomography rat

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高通气综合征?还是惊恐障碍?

中华结核和呼吸杂志 2001年第9期24卷 516-517页

作者：韩江娜 R Schepers K Stegen O Van den Bergh KP Van de Woestijne 中国协和医科大学北京协和医院呼吸科北京100730 Laboratory of Pneumology UZ Gasthuisberg Department of Psychology KU Leuven

高通气综合征是由于通气过度超过生理代谢所需而引起的一组征候群,其特征是临床症状可以用过度通气激发试验诱发出来[1].传统的观念认为,焦虑和应激反应等心因性因素诱发了超生理代谢需要的过度通气,而临床症状都可以用过度通气和呼吸... 详细信息

高通气综合征是由于通气过度超过生理代谢所需而引起的一组征候群,其特征是临床症状可以用过度通气激发试验诱发出来[1].传统的观念认为,焦虑和应激反应等心因性因素诱发了超生理代谢需要的过度通气,而临床症状都可以用过度通气和呼吸性碱中毒来解释.高通气综合征的临床症状累及多器官系统,常见的有气短、憋气、胸部不适或胸痛、呼吸深或快、心慌或心悸、头晕、四肢麻木、精神紧张、焦虑、恐惧等.这些所谓的心身症状不伴有相应的器质性病因,症状的发生与呼吸控制系统异常(很可能是下丘脑、大脑边缘系统、大脑皮层的高位神经调节异常)、自主呼吸调节丧失稳定性有关.当患者的呼吸受到刺激时,呼吸调节功能发生一过性紊乱,出现过度通气.

关键词：高通气综合征惊恐障碍诊断重叠性

Practical Blind Image Denoising via Swin-Conv-UNet and Data Synthesis

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Machine Intelligence Research 2023年第6期20卷 822-836页

作者： Kai Zhang Yawei Li Jingyun Liang Jiezhang Cao Yulun Zhang Hao Tang Deng-Ping Fan Radu Timofte Luc Van Gool Computer Vision Lab ETH ZürichZürich8092Switzerland Computer Vision Lab University of WürzburgWürzburg97074Germany ku leuven Leuven3000Belgium

While recent years have witnessed a dramatic upsurge of exploiting deep neural networks toward solving image denoising,existing methods mostly rely on simple noise assumptions,such as additive white Gaussian noise(AWGN),JPEG compression noise and camera sensor noise,and a general-purpose blind denoising method for real images remains *** this paper,we attempt to solve this problem from the perspective of network architecture design and training data ***,for the network architecture design,we propose a swin-conv block to incorporate the local modeling ability of residual convolutional layer and non-local modeling ability of swin transformer block,and then plug it as the main building block into the widely-used image-to-image translation UNet *** the training data synthesis,we design a practical noise degradation model which takes into consideration different kinds of noise(including Gaussian,Poisson,speckle,JPEG compression,and processed camera sensor noises)and resizing,and also involves a random shuffle strategy and a double degradation *** experiments on AGWN removal and real image denoising demonstrate that the new network architecture design achieves state-of-the-art performance and the new degradation model can help to significantly improve the *** believe our work can provide useful insights into current denoising *** source code is available at https://***/cszn/SCUNet.

关键词： Blind image denoising real image denosing data synthesis Transformer image signal processing(ISP)pipeline