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A dopant-assisted iodide-adduct chemical ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer based on VUV lamp photoionization for atmospheric low-molecular-weight organic acids analysis

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第3期149卷 500-511页

作者： Yonglei Zhang Ruidong Liu Mei Li Yingzhe Guo Jichuang Kong Keyong Hou Environment research institute Shandong UniversityQingdao 266237China

Formic and acetic acids are the most abundant gaseous organic acids and play the key role in the atmospheric *** iodine-adduct chemical ionizationmass spectrometry(CIMS),the low utilization efficiency of methyl iodide and humidity interference are two major issues of the vacuum ultraviolet(VUV)lamp initiated CIMS for on-line gaseous formic and acetic acids *** this work,we present a new CIMS based on VUV lamp,and the ion-molecular reactor is separated into photoionization and chemical ionization zones by a reducer *** was added to the photoionization zone,and the VUV photoionization acetone provided low-energy electrons for methyl iodide to generate I−,and the addition of acetone reduced the amount of methyl iodide by 2/*** the chemical ionization zone,a headspace vial containing ultrapure water was added for humidity calibration,and the vial changes the sensitivity as a function of humidity from ambiguity to well linear correlation(R2>0.95).With humidity calibration,the CIMS can quantitatively measure formic and acetic acids in the humidity range of 0%-88%*** this mode,limits of detection of 10 and 50 pptv are obtained for formic and acetic acids,*** the relative standard deviation(RSD)of quantitation stability for 6 days were less than 10.5%.This CIMS was successfully used to determine the formic and acetic acids in the underground parking and ambient environment of the Shandong University campus(Qingdao,China).In addition,we developed a simple model based formic acid concentration to assess vehicular emissions.

关键词： Formic acid Acetic acid Vacuum ultraviolet(VUV)lamp photoionization(PI) Chemical ionization(CI) Time-of-flight mass spectrometry (TOFMS) Trace gases measurement

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Design and Application of Turbine Cascade Partitioned Endwall Profiling

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Journal of Thermal Science 2025年第1期34卷 110-128页

作者： ZENG Fei JIANG Ruiqi XUE Xingxu DU Wei LUO Lei ZHOU Xun AECC Hunan Aviation Powerplant research institute Zhuzhou 412002China School of Energy Science and Technology Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China Science and Technology on Diesel Engine Turbocharging Laboratory China North Engine Research InstituteTianjin 300270China

The influence of partitioned profiling design based on a large-pitch highly loaded cascade is studied by numerical *** partitioned profile is mainly composed of a pressure-side convex structure near the leading edge and a suction-side convex structure at the midstream and downstream sides of the *** influence of the change in the vertex axial position and peak value of the B-line on the secondary flow control is *** this paper,air(ideal gas)is selected as the flow *** average static pressure at the outlet and the average total temperature at the inlet are kept *** γ-θ is used as the turbulence *** results show that the pressure-side convex structure suppresses the spanwise and pitchwise migration of the inlet flow by adjusting the static pressure distribution of the flow field,so the development of the pressure-side leg of the horseshoe vortex is effectively *** suction-side convex structure adjusts the static pressure distribution of the flow field and increases the included angle between the cross-flow and suction surface,so the accumulation of low-momentum fluid,the development of a corner vortex and the flow separation at the trailing edge of the suction-side surface are all suppressed near the endwall-suction ***,the energy loss coefficient of the large-pitch highly loaded cascade is decreased from 0.0564 to 0.0485,representing a 25% reduction in secondary flow losses.

关键词： large-pitch highly loaded cascade highly loaded design non-axisymmetrical endwall design secondary flow control partitioned endwall profiling

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Tackling the microlensing wave effects of strong lensing gravitational waves with TAAH

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第1期68卷 253-254页

作者： Zuhui Fan South-Western institute for Astronomy research Yunnan UniversityKunming 650500China

The rapid development of gravitational wave(GW) observations since their first detection in 2015 [1] has opened a completely new window for exploring the Universe. Consequently, astronomical research has entered the multimessenger era, allowing us to use different tracers to view the cosmos from various perspectives. Among others, the appealing application of gravitational wave events from compact binary mergers is that they can act as standard sirens to determine absolute cosmic distances entirely independent of standard candles. This approach is one of the most promising means to solve the current H0tension problem.

关键词： problem. app wave

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Higher abundance of DLD protein in buffalobull spermatozoa causes elevated ROSproduction leading to early sperm capacitationand reduction in fertilizing ability

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2025年第1期16卷 107-120页

作者： Seema Karanwal Ankit Pal Fanny Josan Aditya Patel Jatinder Singh Chera Sonam Yadav Vikrant Gaur Preeti Verma Shiva Badrhan Vitika Chauhan Mukesh Bhakat Tirtha Kumar Datta Rakesh Kumar Animal Genomics Laboratory Animal Biotechnology DivisionICAR-National Dairy Research InstituteKarnalHaryanaIndia NBGC Laboratory National Bureau of Animal Genetics ResourcesKarnalHaryanaIndia Artificial Breeding research Centre LPM DivisionICAR-National Dairy Research InstituteKarnalHaryanaIndia ICAR-Central institute of research On Goat MakhdoomMathuraUttar PradeshIndia ICAR-Central institute for research On Buffaloes HisarHaryanaIndia

Backgroud Before fertilization,spermatozoa undergo a crucial maturation step called capacitation,which is a unique event regulates the sperm’s ability for successful *** capacitation process takes place as the spermatozoa pass through the female reproductive tract(FRT).Dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase(DLD)protein is a post-pyruvate metabolic enzyme,exhibiting reactive oxygen species(ROS)production which causes ***,other vital functions of DLD in buffalo spermatozoa are hyperactivation and acrosome *** produces the optimum amount of ROS required to induce capacitation process in *** on physiological or patho-physiological conditions,DLD can either enhance or attenuate the production of reactive oxygen species(ROS).Aim of this study was to investigate whether changes in the production of ROS in sperm cells can impact their ability to fertilize by triggering the capacitation and acrosome *** In this study,abundance of DLD protein was quantified between high(n=5)and low fertile bull(n=5)*** was found that compared to high-fertile(HF)bulls,low-fertile(LF)bulls exhibited significantly(P<0.05)higher DLD ***,we optimised the MICA concentration to inhibit DLD function,spermatozoa were treated with MICA in time(0,1,2,3,4,and 5 h)and concentrations(1,2.5,5,and 10 mmol/L)dependent *** DLD inhibition was found to be at 4 h in 10 mmol/L MICA concentration,which was used for further exper-imentation in HF and *** on DLD inhibition it was seen that LF bull spermatozoa exhibited significantly(P<0.05)higher ROS production and acrosome reaction in comparison to the HF bull *** kinematic parameters of the spermatozoa such as percent total motility,velocity parameters(VCL,VSL,and VAP)and other parameters(BCF,STR,and LIN)were also decreased in MICA treated spermatozoa in comparison to the control(capacitated)*** The present study provides an initial

关键词： Acrosome reaction Capacitation High fertile bull Low fertile bull Protein Reactive oxygen species Spermatozoa

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Managing virus diseases in citrus:Leveraging high-throughput sequencing for versatile applications

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2025年第1期11卷 57-68页

作者： Hongming Chen Zhiyou Xuan Lu Yang Song Zhang Mengji Cao Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China(Chongqing)Science City Citrus Research InstituteSouthwest UniversityChongqing 400712China National Citrus Engineering research Center Citrus Research InstituteSouthwest UniversityChongqing 400712China

In this review,the advantages and advances in applying high-throughput sequencing(HTS)in the management of viral diseases in citrus,along with some challenges,are discussed to provide perspectives on future *** the initial implementation of HTS in citrus virology,a substantial number of citrus viruses have been identified,with a notable increase in the last 7 *** acquisition of viral genomes and various HTS-based omics analyses serve as crucial pillars for advancing research in the etiology,epidemiology,pathology,evolution,ecology,and biotechnology of citrus *** has notably contributed to disease diagnosis,such as the diagnoses of concave gum and impietratura,as well as to the surveillance of new virus risks and the preparation of virus-free ***,certain inherent defects in HTS and coupled bioinformatics analysis,such as challenges with sequence assembly and the detection of viral dark matter,require improvement to enhance practical *** addition,the utilization of HTS for the systematic management of citrus viral diseases remains limited,and drawing insights from other virus-plant pathosystems while integrating emerging compatible techniques and ideas may broaden its specific applications.

关键词： Deep sequencing Virus epidemics Functional genomics CRISPR/Cas Virus-host interactions

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Fabrication and fracture behaviors of the continuous brittle fiber reinforced tungsten composites fabricated via field-assisted sintering technology

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Tungsten 2025年第1期7卷 172-182页

作者： Rui Shu Yi-Ran Mao Jan W. Coenen Alexis Terra Stephan Sch?nen Johann Riesch Christian Linsmeier Christoph Broeckmann Juelich research Center Institute of Energy and Climate Research Plasma Physics (IEK-4) Partner in the Trilateral Euregio Cluster institute of Materials Applications in Mechanical Engineering (IWM) RWTH Aachen University Department of Nuclear Engineering & Engineering Physics University of Wisconsin Madison Central institute of Engineering Electronics and Analytics Engineering and Technology (ZEA-1) Juelich Research Center Max Planck institute for Plasma Physics institute of Materials Applications in Mechanical Engineering IWM RWTH Aachen University

Tungsten（W） is a promising candidate material for the plasma-facing components in future fusion ***,it has issues regarding the intrinsic brittleness as well as operational *** fiber reinforced tungsten（W_f/W） composites overcome these issues by using extrinsic toughening *** to neutron irradiation and high-temperature recrystallization during fusion operation,the ductility of the fibers may degrade over a long period of ***,it is necessary to investigate the fracture behavior of W_f/W composites with brittle *** the present work,the tungsten fibers were embrittled by ***,the continuous brittle W_f/W composite with yttrium oxide（Y2O3） interface was fabricated by the field-assisted sintering technology *** microstructure of the prepared W_f/W composites was *** fracture behavior and toughening mechanisms were discussed in detail based on the experimental results of 3-point bending tests and the corresponding finite element *** composites show a pseudo-ductile fracture *** are hindered and deflected by the de-bonded fiber-matrix *** extrinsic toughening mechanisms of interface de-bonding,crack bridging,and fiber pull-out are *** indicates the reinforcement concept still works even though all components in the W_f/W are brittle.

关键词： Field-assisted sintering technology (FAST) Fracture behavior Interface Numerical simulation Wf/W composites

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Evaluating complementaries among urban water,energy,infrastructure,and social Sustainable Development Goals in China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第3期149卷 585-597页

作者： Ke Yu Yifan Song Jin Lin Shen Qu School of Management and Economics Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Center for Energy&Environmental Policy research Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China

Urban areas’performance in water,energy,infrastructure,and socio-economic sectors is intertwined and measurable through Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs)6–*** synergy among these is critical for *** study constructs an indicator framework that reflects progress towards these urban SDGs in *** indicate underperformance in SDGs 8–11,suggesting the need for transformative *** network analysis,the research reveals complementarities among these ***,the SDG space divides into socio-economic and ecological clusters,with SDG 6(Clean Water and Sanitation)central to ***,SDG 8(Decent Work and Economic Growth)and SDG 9(Industry,Innovation,and Infrastructure)act as bridges,while greater synergies exist between SDG 12(Responsible Consumption and Production)and SDG 13(Climate Action).An in-depth view at the indicator-level shows a core-periphery structure,emphasizing indicators like SDG 6.2(Wastewater Treatment Rate)and SDG 6.6(Recycled Water Production Capacity per capita)as *** study confirms the urban SDG space’s stability and predictiveness,underscoring its value in steering well-aligned policy decisions for sustainable growth.

关键词： Sustainable development goals Synergy Urban development Policy decisions

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Understanding thermal hysteresis of ferroelectric phase transitions in BaTiO_(3) with combined first-principle-based approach and phase-field model

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Chinese Physics B 2025年第2期34卷 454-461页

作者： Cancan Shao Houbing Huang Beijing institute of Technology Zhuhai Beijing Institute of TechnologyZhuhai 519088China School of Materials Science and Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Advanced research institute of Multidisciplinary Science Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China

Based on the principles of thermodynamics, we elucidate the fundamental reasons behind the hysteresis of spontaneous polarization in ferroelectric materials during heating and cooling processes. By utilizing the effective Hamiltonian method in conjuction with the phase-field model, we have successfully reproduced the thermal hysteresis observed in ferroelectric materials during phase transitions. The computational results regarding the electrocaloric effect from these two different computational scales closely align with experimental measurements. Furthermore, we analyze how the first-order ferroelectric phase transition gradually diminishes with an increasing applied electric field, exhibiting characteristics of second-order-like phase transition. By employing the characteristic parameters of thermal hysteresis, we have established a pathway for calculations across different computational scales, thereby providing theoretical support for further investigations into the properties of ferroelectric materials through concurrent multiscale simulations.

关键词： ferroelectric phase transition thermal hysteresis multiscale simulation effective Hamiltonian phase-field model

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Three-dimensional internal multiple elimination in complex structures using Marchenko autofocusing theory

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Petroleum Science 2025年第1期22卷 222-233页

作者： Pei-Nan Bao Ying Shi Xin-Min Shang Hong-Xian Liang Wei-Hong Wang School of Earth Sciences Northeast Petroleum University Geophysical research institute of Shengli Oilfield Sinopec

Internal multiples are commonly present in seismic data due to variations in velocity or density of subsurface media. They can reduce the signal-to-noise ratio of seismic data and degrade the quality of the image. With the development of seismic exploration into deep and ultradeep events, especially those from complex targets in the western region of China, the internal multiple eliminations become increasingly challenging. Currently, three-dimensional(3D) seismic data are primarily used for oil and gas target recognition and drilling. Effectively eliminating internal multiples in 3D seismic data of complex structures and mitigating their adverse effects is crucial for enhancing the success rate of drilling. In this study, we propose an internal multiple prediction algorithm for 3D seismic data in complex structures using the Marchenko autofocusing theory. This method can predict the accurate internal multiples of time difference without an accurate velocity model and the implementation process mainly consists of several steps. Firstly, simulating direct waves with a 3D macroscopic velocity ***, using direct waves and 3D full seismic acquisition records to obtain the upgoing and downgoing Green's functions between the virtual source point and surface. Thirdly, constructing internal multiples of the relevant layers by upgoing and downgoing Green's functions. Finally, utilizing the adaptive matching subtraction method to remove predicted internal multiples from the original data to obtain seismic records without multiples. Compared with the two-dimensional(2D) Marchenko algorithm, the performance of the 3D Marchenko algorithm for internal multiple prediction has been significantly enhanced, resulting in higher computational accuracy. Numerical simulation test results indicate that our proposed method can effectively eliminate internal multiples in 3D seismic data,thereby exhibiting important theoretical and industrial application value.

关键词： Marchenko Internal multiple elimination Autofocusing Three-dimensional seismic data

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Highly Oxidized Molecules Make a Significant Contribution to Enhanced Aromatic-Derived Secondary Organic Aerosol under a Humid Environment

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2025年第4期42卷 641-652页

作者： Zhaomin YANG Kun LI Lin DU Environment research institute Shandong UniversityQingdao 266237China

Enhanced mass concentrations of aromatic-derived secondary organic aerosol(SOA)are frequently observed during humid-haze ***,the influencing mechanism of relative humidity(RH)in aromatic-derived SOA formation remains incompletely ***,the RH dependence of SOA formation in the presence of NOx was explored by a series of chamber experiments for toluene(TOL)and 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene(TMB)*** yield of TOL SOA and TMB SOA increased by 221%and 52%with increasing RH from~8%to~70%,*** results from a high-resolution mass spectrometer showed that SOA constituents with high oxygen content(O/C>0.6)were more abundant in SOA formed in the~70%RH *** elevated yields and O/C of SOA could be attributed to the promoted formation and particle-phase diffusivity of highly oxidized *** addition,in comparison with TMB,TOL could produce more unsaturated aldehydes,which are oxidized into carboxylic acids with high O/C,leading to a more sensitive response of TOL SOA formation to the change in *** work provides mechanistic insights into RH roles in aromatic SOA formation and is helpful for a better understanding of humid-haze events.

关键词： secondary organic aerosol aromatic hydrocarbons highly oxidized molecules relative humidity

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