检索结果-南通市图书馆

Horticulture Research 2021年第1期8卷 1363-1373页

作者： Ramesh K.Ramasamy Ming-Cheng Luo Charles A.Leslie Dianne Velasco Natalia Ott Ali McClean Abhaya M.Dandekar Mallikarjuna Aradhya Patrick J.Brown Gregory T.Browne Daniel A.Kluepfel Andreas Westphal Jan Dvorak Department of Plant Sciences University of CaliforniaDavisUSA usda-ars Crops Pathology and Genetics Research Unit Department of Plant PathologyUniversity of CaliforniaDavisUSA National Clonal Germplasm Repository USDA-ARSUniversity of CaliforniaDavisUSA Department of Nematology University of CaliforniaRiversideUSA

Soil-borne plant pathogens represent a serious threat that undermines commercial walnut(Juglans regia)production *** gall,caused by Agrobacterium tumefaciens,and Phytophthora root and crown rots,caused by various Phytophthora spp.,are among the most devastating walnut soil-borne diseases.A recognized strategy to combat soil-borne diseases is adoption of resistant ***,resistance to ***,***,and *** is mapped in the genome of Juglans microcarpa,a North American wild relative of cultivated ***-sib *** mother trees DJUG 31.01 and DJUG 31.09 were crossed with *** ***,producing 353 and 400 hybrids,*** propagated hybrids were genotyped by sequencing to construct genetic maps for the two populations and challenged with the three *** to each of the three pathogens was mapped as a major QTL on the long arm of *** chromosome 4D and was associated with the same haplotype,designated as haplotype b,raising the possibility that the two mother trees were heterozygous for a single Mendelian gene conferring resistance to all three *** deployment of this haplotype in rootstock breeding will facilitate breeding of a walnut rootstock resistant to both crown gall and Phytophthora root and crown rots.

关键词： breeding regia soil

Evaluation of maize inbred lines for resistance to pre-harvest aflatoxin and fumonisin contamination in the field

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

The Crop Journal 2017年第3期5卷 259-264页

作者： Baozhu Guo Xiangyun Ji Xinzhi Ni Jake C.Fountain Hong Li Hamed K.Abbas Robert D.Lee Brian T.Scully United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service(usda-ars) Crop Protection and Management Research UnitTiftonGAUnited States The University of Georgia Department of Plant PathologyTiftonGAUnited States Ecological Environment Protection Research Institute Shanghai Academy of Agricultural SciencesShanghaiChina usda-ars Crop Genetics and Breeding Research UnitTiftonGAUnited States Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences Millet Research InstituteChangzhiChina usda-ars Biological Control of Pests Research UnitStonevilleMSUnited States The University of Georgia Department of Crop and Soil SciencesTiftonGAUnited States usda-ars U.S.Horticultural Research LaboratoryFort PierceFLUnited States

Two important mycotoxins, aflatoxin and fumonisin, are among the most potent naturally occurring carcinogens, contaminating maize(Zea mays) and affecting crop yield and *** of maize to pre-harvest mycotoxin contamination, specifically aflatoxin produced by Aspergillus flavus and fumonisin produced by Fusarium verticillioides, is a goal in breeding programs that screen for these important traits with the aim of developing resistant commercial hybrids. We conducted two years of field evaluations on 87 inbred lines originating primarily in China and Mexico and not previously screened for *** objectives of our study were to identify resistant germplasm for breeding purposes and to examine possible relationships between resistances to the two mycotoxins. Aflatoxin and fumonisin were present in samples harvested from all lines in both *** of total aflatoxin ranged from 52.00 ± 20.00 to 1524.00 ± 396.00 μg kg^(-1),while those of fumonisin ranged from 0.60 ± 0.06 to 124.00 ± 19.50 mg kg^(-1). The inbred lines TUN15, TUN61, TUN37, CY2, and TUN49 showed the lowest aflatoxin accumulation and CN1, GT601, TUN09, TUN61, and MP717 the lowest fumonisin accumulation. TUN61 showed the lowest accumulation of both mycotoxins. This study confirmed previous observations that high levels of aflatoxin can coexist with fumonisin, with 55 maize lines showing a positive correlation coefficient between the concentrations of aflatoxin and fumonisin and 32 lines showing a negative correlation coefficient. These selected lines,particularly TUN61, may provide sources of resistance to mycotoxin contamination in breeding programs. However, the mechanism of resistance in this germplasm remains to be identified. Future research should also address factors that influence the fungus–plant interaction, such as herbivory and environmental stress.

关键词： Aflatoxin Fumonisin Inbredline Maize Mycotoxin

Compost Input Effect on Dryland Wheat and Forage Yields and Soil Quality

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Pedosphere 2018年第3期28卷 451-462页

作者： Francisco J. CALDERON Merle F. VIGIL Joseph BENJAMIN United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (usda-ars) Central Great Plains Research Station Akron80720 CO( USA)

Organic agricultural systems rely on organic amendments to achieve crop fertility requirements, and weed control must be achieved without synthetic herbicides. Our objective was to determine the crop yield and soil quality as affected by a transition from grass to dryland organic agriculture in the Central Great Plains of North America. This study evaluated three beef feedlot compost(BFC)treatments in 2010–2015 following biennial application rates: 0(control), 22.9, and 108.7 t ha^(-1) on two dryland organic cropping systems: a wheat(Triticum aestivum)-fallow(WF) rotation harvested for grain and a triticale(Triticosecale)/pea(Pisum sativum)-fallow(T/P-F) rotation harvested for forage. The triticale + pea biomass responded positively to the 108.7-t ha^(-1) BFC treatment,but not the 22.9-t ha^(-1) BFC treatment. The wheat biomass was not affected by BFC addition, but biomass N content *** feedlot compost input did not increase wheat grain yields, but had a positive effect on wheat grain Zn content. Soil total C and N contents increased with the rate of 108.7 t ha^(-1) BFC after three applications, but not with 22.9 t ha^(-1) BFC. Soil enzyme activities associated with N and C cycling responded positively to the 108.7-t ha^(-1) BFC treatment. Saturated salts were high in the soil receiving 108.7 t ha^(-1) of BFC, but did not affect crop yields. These results showed that BFC was effective in enhancing forage yields, wheat grain quality, and soil C and N, as well as specific microbial enzymes important for nutrient cycling. However, the large rates of BFC necessary to elicit these positive responses did not increase grain yields, and resulted in an excessive buildup of soil P.

关键词： organic agriculture soil C soil enzyme activity soil N pea triticale

Streamline unsupervised machine learning to survey and graph indel-based haplotypes from pan-genomes

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Molecular Plant 2023年第6期16卷 975-978页

作者： Bosen Zhang Haiyan Huang Laura E.Tibbs-Cortes Adam Vanous Zhiwu Zhang Karen Sanguinet Kimberly A.Garland-Campbell Jianming Yu Xianran Li Department of Crop and Soil Sciences Washington State UniversityPullmanWA99164USA usda-ars Wheat HealthGeneticsand Quality Research UnitPullmanWA 99164USA usda-ars Corn Insects and Crop Genetics Research UnitAmesIA 50011USA usda-ars Plant Introduction ResearchAmesIA 50011USA Department of Agronomy lowa State UniversityAmesIA 50011USA

Dear Editor,Pan-genomes with high quality de novo assemblies are shifting the paradigm of biology research in genome evolution,speciation,and function annotation(Shi et al.,2023).An all-vs.-all comparison across assemblies potentially overcomes the limitation of mapping short reads to a single assembly in cataloging polymorphisms,especially large insertions and deletions(indels)contributing to phenotypic variations through altering gene structure or expression(Chen et al.,2021).

关键词： overcome shifting insertion

Identification and initial characterization of the 3＇ end of gene transcripts encoding putative members of the pheromone receptor subfamily in Lepidoptera

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Insect Science 2012年第1期19卷 64-74页

作者： Stephen F. Garczynski Kevin W. Wanner Thomas R. Unruh usda-ars Yakima Agricultural Research Laboratory Wapato Washington Department of Plant Sciences and Plant Pathology Montana State University Bozeman Montana USA

Semiochemicals, including pheromones and kairomones, used in pest man- agement programs reduce the need for chemical insecticides, and understanding their interactions with their membrane receptors may help make them more effective in the field. Identification of odorant receptors in the Lepidoptera has mainly been achieved us- ing bioinformatics to search DNA sequences generated by genome or expressed sequence tag （EST） sequencing projects. This study reports a rapid method to identify members of the pheromone receptor subfamily in Lepidoptera. Degenerate oligonucleotide primers were designed against a conserved amino acid sequence in the carboxyl terminus of known lepidopteran pheromone receptors, and the primers were used in a 3＇ rapid amplifica- tion of complementary DNA （cDNA） ends procedure. Polymerase chain reaction products generated from seven different lepidopteran species were TA cloned and sequenced. The cDNA sequences of 25 transcripts were determined to encode potential members of the pheromone receptor subfamily. These cDNAs ranged from 238 to 642 bp and encoded 49-54 amino acids of the carboxyl terminus. Analysis of the 3＇ untranslated region reveals that most of the transcripts contain multiple polyadenylation signal sequences, and in the case ofManduca sexta, an alternate polyadenylation signal appears to be used in transcript processing. The 3＇ untranslated region was also useful in determining unique receptors en- coded by transcripts having highly similar nucleotide and amino acid sequences. Overall, this technique provides a complementary method of pheromone receptor identification in EST sequencing projects, or can be used as a stand-alone method in conjunction with 5＇ rapid amplification of cDNA ends procedures.

关键词： degenerate primer PCR odorant receptor pheromone receptor polyadeny- lation signals 3' untranslated region

Analysis of vegetation indices derived from aerial multispectral and ground hyperspectral data

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2009年第3期2卷 33-40页

作者： Huihui Zhang Yubin Lan Ronald Lacey W.C.Hoffmann Yanbo Huang Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTexasUSA usda-ars College StationTexasUSA usda-ars APTRU141 Experiment Station RoadStonevilleMississippiUSA

Aerial multispectral images are a good source of crop,soil,and ground coverage *** reflectance indices provide a useful tool for monitoring crop growing status.A series of aerial images were obtained by an airborne MS4100 multispectral imaging system on the cotton and soybean *** hyperspectral data were acquired with a ground-based integration system at the same *** Normalized Difference Vegetative Index(NDVI),Simple Ratio(SR),and Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index(SAVI)calculated from both systems were analyzed and *** information derived from aerial multispectral images has shown the potential to monitor the general growth status of crop *** vegetation indices derived from both systems were significantly different(p-value was 0.073 atα=0.1 level)at the early growing stage of *** correlation coefficients of the image NDVI and ground NDVI were 0.3029 for soybean field and 0.338 for cotton *** and SR were not correlated.

关键词： airborne multispectral image hyperspectral reflectance vegetation index remote sensing crop growth condition

An apple rootstock overexpressing a peach CBF gene alters growth and flowering in the scion but does not impact cold hardiness or dormancy

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Horticulture Research 2016年第1期3卷 287-295页

作者： Timothy S Artlip Michael E Wisniewski Rajeev Arora John L Norelli usda-ars Appalachian Fruit Research StationKearneysvilleWVUSA Department of Horticulture Iowa State UniversityAmesIAUSA

The C-repeat binding factor(CBF)transcription factor is involved in responses to low temperature and water deficit in many plant *** of CBF genes leads to enhanced freezing tolerance and growth inhibition in many *** overexpression of a peach CBF(PpCBF1)gene in a transgenic line of own-rooted apple(Malus×domestica)M.26 rootstock(T166)trees was previously reported to have additional effects on the onset of dormancy and time of spring *** the current study,the commercial apple cultivar‘Royal Gala’(RG)was grafted onto either non-transgenic M.26 rootstocks(RG/M.26)or transgenic M.26(T166)rootstocks(RG/T166)and field grown for 3 *** PpCBF1 transcript was detected in the phloem or cambium of RG scions grafted on T166 rootstocks indicating that no graft transmission of transgene mRNA had *** contrast to own-rooted T166 trees,no impact of PpCBF1 overexpression in T166 rootstocks was observed on the onset of dormancy,budbreak or non-acclimated leaf-cold hardiness in RG/T166 ***,however,as measured by stem caliper,current-year shoot extension and overall height,was reduced in RG/T166 trees compared with RG/M.26 *** flowering was evident in both RG/T166 and RG/M.26 trees in the second season,the number of trees in flower,the number of shoots bearing flowers,and the number of flower clusters per shoot was significantly higher in RG/M.26 trees than RG/T166 trees in both the second and third year after *** levels of RGL(DELLA)gene expression were observed in RG/T166 trees and T166 trees,which may play a role in the reduced growth observed in these tree types.A model is presented indicating how CBF overexpression in a rootstock might influence juvenility and flower abundance in a grafted scion.

关键词： impact CBF grafted

Single nucleotide polymorphisms linked to quantitative trait loci for grain quality traits in wheat

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

The Crop Journal 2016年第1期4卷 1-11页

作者： Chunlian Li Guihua Bai Shiaoman Chao Brett Carver Zhonghua Wang College of Agronomy Northwest A&F University State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas Northwest A&F University Agronomy Department Kansas State University Hard Winter Wheat Genetics Research Unit USDA-ARS Cereal Crops Research Unit USDA-ARS Department of Plant and Soil Science Oklahoma State University

Wheat(Triticum aestivum L.) grain quality traits that are controlled by quantitative traits loci(QTL) define suitable growing areas and potential end-use products of a wheat cultivar. To dissect QTL for these traits including protein content(GPC); test weight(TW); single kernel characterization system(SKCS)-estimated kernel weight(SKW); kernel diameter(KD);kernel hardness measured by near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy(NIRS) hardness index(NHI); and SKCS-hardness index(SHI), a high-density genetic map with single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP) and simple sequence repeat(SSR) markers was developed using recombinant inbred lines(RILs) derived from Ning7840 × Clark. The RILs were evaluated for these quality traits in seven Oklahoma environments from 2001 to 2003. A total of 41 QTL with additive effects on different traits were mapped on most wheat chromosomes,excluding 1A, 2A, 3D, 4D, 6D, and 7B. Seven chromosome regions showed either tightly linked QTL or QTL with pleiotropic effects on two to four traits. Ten pairs of QTL showed additive × additive effects(AA), four QTL were involved in additive × environment(AE)effects, and one was involved in AAE effects. Two to eleven QTL for each of the six traits and139 tightly linked markers to these QTL were identified. The findings shed light on the inheritance of wheat grain quality traits and provide DNA markers for manipulating these important traits to improve quality of new wheat cultivars.

关键词： Triticum aestivum Epistasis Grain quality traits QTL×environments interaction SNP

Effects of Imidacloprid and Varroa destructor on survival and health of European honey bees, Apis mellifera

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Insect Science 2017年第3期24卷 467-477页

作者： Pendo M. Abbo Joshua K. Kawasaki Michele Hamilton Steven C. Cook Gloria DeGrandi-Hoffman Wen Feng Li Jie Liu Yan Ping Chen Department of Biomedical Engineering Columbia University New York New York Department of Microbiology & Molecular Biology Brigham Young University Provo Utah usda-ars Bee Research Laboratory Beltsville Maryland usda-ars Carl Hayden Bee Research Center Tucson Arizona USA College of Bee Science Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou China

There has been growing concern over declines in populations of honey bees and other pollinators which are a vital part to our food security. It is imperative to identify factors responsible for accelerated declines in bee populations and develop solutions for reversing bee losses. While exact causes of colony losses remain elusive, risk factors thought to play key roles are ectoparasitic mites Varroa destructor and neonicotinoid pesticides. The present study aims to investigate effects of a neonicotinoid pesticide Imidacloprid and Varroa mites individually on survivorship, growth, physiology, virus dynamics and immunity of honey bee workers. Our study provides clear evidence that the exposure to sublethal doses of Imidacloprid could exert a significantly negative effect on health and survival of honey bees. We observed a significant reduction in the titer ofvitellogenin （Vg）, an egg yolk precursor that regulates the honey bees development and behavior and often are linked to energy homeostasis, in bees exposed to lmidacloprid. This result indicates that sublethal exposure to neonicotinoid could lead to increased energy usage in honey bees as detoxification is a energy-consuming metabolic process and suggests that Vg could be a useful biomarker for measuring levels of energy stress and sublethal effects of pesticides on honey bees. Measurement of the quantitative effects of different levels of Varroa mite infestation on the replication dynamic of Deformed wing virus （DWV）, an RNA virus associated with Varroa infestation, and expression level of immune genes yields unique insights into how honey bees respond to stressors under laboratory conditions.

关键词： Deformed wing virus honey bees Imidacloprid innate immunity Varroa

Effect of dietary near ideal amino acid profile on heat production of lactating sows exposed to thermal neutral and heat stress conditions

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2021年第2期12卷 739-754页

作者： S.Zhang J.S.Johnson N.L.Trottier Department of Animal Science Michigan State UniversityEast Lansing 48824USA usda-ars Livestock Behavior Research Unit West Lafayette 47907USA

Background:Reduced protein diet manifested potential to mitigate heat production based on the concept of ideal amino acid *** hypothesis of this study was that lactating sows fed a low crude protein(LCP)diet with supplemental amino acid produce less heat compared to those fed a high crude protein(HCP)diet under both thermal neutral(TN)and heat stress(HS)***:Thirty-two lactating sows were allotted to HCP(193 g CP/kg)and LCP(140 g CP/kg)diets under thermal neutral(TN,21±1.5°C)or cycling heat stress(HS,32±1.5°C daytime and 24±1.5°C nighttime)*** contained 0.90%SID lysine and 10.8 MJ/kg net *** pressure indirect calorimeters were used to measure gas exchange in individual sows with litters,and individual piglets on days 4,8,14 and *** and litter weights were recorded on days 1,10 and ***:Sow total heat production(THP)was calculated by subtracting litter THP from sow+litter THP based on *** BW and body protein(BP)loss was greater for LCP diet compared to HCP diet in peak lactation(P<0.05 and P<0.01,respectively)and throughout the entire lactation period(P<0.05 and P=0.056,respectively)under HS ***-stressed sows fed HCP diet had higher(P<0.05)rectal temperature at 13:00(P<0.05)and 19:00(P<0.01),and higher respiration rate at 07:00(P<0.05),13:00(P<0.05)and 19:00(P<0.05)compared to TN sows fed HCP *** sows fed LCP diet,those under HS tended to have higher(P=0.098)rectal temperature at 13:00 and had higher(P<0.05)respiration rate at 07:00,13:00 and 19:00 compared to TN *** relationship between daily THP and days in lactation of sows fed LCP diet was quadratic(P<0.05),with an ascending trend until day 14 and a descending trend from days 14 to *** fed LCP diet had lower daily THP at day 18(P<0.001)compared to those fed the HCP diet under HS ***:Reduction in THP in sows fed LCP diet was largely associated with THP on day 18 of lactation under HS *** LCP die

关键词： Amino acid Heat stress Lactating sows Low protein diet Total heat production