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Chemical characteristics and source apportionment of PM_(2.5) between heavily polluted days and other days in Zhengzhou, China

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2018年第4期30卷 188-198页

作者： Nan Jiang Qiang Li Fangcheng Su Qun Wang Xue Yu Panru Kang Ruiqin Zhang Xiaoyan Tang research institute of environmental Science College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Zhengzhou University

PM（2.5） samples were collected in Zhengzhou during 3 years of observation, and chemical characteristics and source contribution were analyzed. Approximately 96% of the daily PM（2.5） concentrations and annual average values exceeded the Chinese National Ambient Air Quality Daily and Annual Standards, indicating serious PM（2.5） pollution. The average concentration of water-soluble inorganic ions was 2.4 times higher in heavily polluted days（daily PM32.5 concentrations ＆gt; 250 μg/mand visibility ＆lt; 3 km） than that in other days, with sulfate, nitrate, and ammonium as major ions. According to the ratio of NO-3/SO2-4,stationary sources are still the dominant source of PM（2.5） and vehicle emission could not be ignored. The ratio of secondary organic carbon to organic carbon indicated that photochemical reactivity in heavily polluted days was more intense than in other *** elements were the most abundant elements, accounting for more than 60% of 23 elements. Chemical Mass Balance results indicated that the contributions of major sources（i.e., nitrate, sulfate, biomass, carbon and refractory material, coal combustion, soil dust,vehicle, and industry） of PM（2.5） were 13%, 16%, 12%, 2%, 14%, 8%, 7%, and 8% in heavily polluted days and 20%, 18%, 9%, 2%, 27%, 14%, 15%, and 9% in other days, *** combustion activities were the main sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons during the episode（Jan 1-9, 2015） and the total benzo[a]pyrene equivalency concentrations in heavily polluted days present significant health threat. Because of the effect of regional transport, the pollution level of PM（2.5） in the study area was aggravated.

关键词： PM2.5 Water soluble inorganic ions Secondary organic carbon CMB Back trajectory analysis

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Surface-engineered Microcapsules by Layer-by-layer Assembling for Entrapment of Corrosion Inhibitor

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2015年第5期31卷 512-516页

作者： Hongwei Shi Fuchun Liu En-Hou Han environmental Corrosion Center Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of Sciences

Microcapsules containing core materials are promising component for developing self-healing *** the present work,urea-formaldehyde capsule containing core material with size of micrometer was prepared by in-situ encapsulation *** morphology of the microcapsules was characterized by scanning electron microscopy.A corrosion inhibitor,benzotriazole,was successfully loaded on the outside of microcapsules by layer-by-layer assembling using ***,the modified microcapsules are promising to provide healing ability combined by release of interior core material and exterior corrosion inhibitor.

关键词： Microcapsule Corrosion inhibitor Fourier transform

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An innovative approach to minimize excess sludge production in sewage treatment using integrated bioreactors

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2018年第5期30卷 67-77页

作者： Mahesh Mannacharaju Prabhakaran Natarajan Arivizhivendhan Kannan Villalan Madasamy Jothieswari Swarnalatha Somasundaram Sekaran Ganesan Department of environmental Science and Engineering CSIR–Central Leather Research Institute(CLRI)

The present investigation deals with an application of integrated sequential oxic and anoxic bioreactor（SOABR） and fluidized immobilized cell carbon oxidation（FICCO） reactor for the treatment of domestic wastewater with minimum sludge generation. The performance of integrated SOABR-FICCO system was evaluated on treating the domestic wastewater at hydraulic retention time（HRT） of 3 hr and 6 hr for 120 days at organic loading rate（OLR）of 191 ± 31 mg/（L·hr）. The influent wastewater was characterized by chemical oxygen demand（COD） 573 ± 93 mg/L; biochemical oxygen demand（BOD5） 197 ± 35 mg/L and total suspended solids（TSS） 450 ± 136 mg/L. The integrated SOABR-FICCO reactors have established a significant removal of COD by 94% ± 1%, BOD5 by 95% ± 0.6% and TSS by 95% ± 4% with treated domestic wastewater characteristics COD 33 ± 5 mg/L; BOD59 ± 0.8 mg/L and TSS 17 ± 9 mg/L under continuous mode of operation for 120 days. The mass of dry sludge generated from SOABR-FICCO system was 22.9 g/m3. The sludge volume index of sludge formed in the SOABR reactor was 32 mL/g and in FICCO reactor it was 46 mL/g. The sludge formed in SOABR and FICCO reactor was characterized by TGA, DSC and SEM analysis. Overall, the results demonstrated that the integrated SOABR-FICCO reactors substantially removed the pollution parameters from domestic wastewater with minimum sludge production.

关键词： Sequential oxic and anoxicbioreactor (SOABR) FICCO reactor Domestic wastewater Immobilized cell reactor

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Performance of Ni-based, Fe-based and Co-based Oxygen Carriers in Chemical-Looping Hydrogen Generation

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China Petroleum Processing & Petrochemical Technology 2013年第2期15卷 53-58页

作者： Liang Hao Zhang Xiwen Fang Xiangchen Yuan Honggang Fushun research institute of Petroleum and Petrochemicals SINOPEC Fushun research institute of environmental Science

Ni-based, Fe-based and Co-based oxygen carriers with perovskite oxides used as the supports were prepared by citric acid complexation method, The oxygen carriers were characterized by thermal analysis, H2-temperature-programmed reduction and X-ray diffraction methods. Performance tests were evaluated through Chemical-Looping Hydrogen Genera- tion in a fixed-bed reactor operating at atmospheric pressure. The characterization results showed that all samples were composed of metal oxides and perovskite oxides. Performance results indicated that CH4 conversion over the oxygen car- riers decreased in the lbllowing order： NiO/LaNiO3〉Co203/LaCoO3〉Fe203/LaFeO3. The ability of NiO/LaNiO3 and F%O3/ LaFeO3 to decompose water was stronger than that of Co203/LaCoO3 as evidenced by our experiments. H2 amounting to 80 mL upon reacting on methane in every cycle could be completely oxidized by NiO/LaNiO3 at 900℃ in the period from the third cycle to the eighth cycle.

关键词： Chemical-Looping Hydrogen Generation oxygen carrier perovskite oxide methane

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Investigation of low-molecular weight organic acids and their spatiotemporal variation characteristics in Hongfeng Lake,China

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2013年第2期25卷 237-245页

作者： Min Xiao Fengchang Wu Liying Wang Xinqing Li Rongsheng Huang State Key Laboratory of environmental Geochemistry Institute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Chinese research Academy of environmental Sciences

The identities and concentrations of low-molecular-weight organic acids （LMWOAs） were determined by ion chromatography throughout a 20-m water column in Hongfeng Lake, China. The spatiotemporal variations of LMWOAs and their contributions to dissolved organic matter （DOM） in a research period of 24 hr were also investigated. The results demonstrated that five LMWOAs （lactic, acetic, pyruvic, sorbic, oxalic acid） were detected, and their total concentration and proportion in DOC were 6.55 μmol/L and 7.47%. Their average levels were 2.50, 0.65, 2.35, 0.96 and 0.09 μmol/L, respectively. LMWOAs were higher during daytime （10：00-18：00 on Jun 13, 2008） than nighttime （21：00-6：00 the next morning）, in particular 4.99 μmol/L high in the epilimnion （ 1 m water depth）, reflecting the fact that direct import from terrigenous sources and photochemical production from humic materials were dominant during LMWOAs＇ origin and accumulation. The same factors caused LMWOAs to be 0.63 μmol/L in the epilimnion higher than in the hypolimnion. The rapid decrease of total organic acid （TOA） up until 18：00 mainly resulted from bio-uptake and mineralization in the hypolimnion （〉1 m water depth）. Pyruvic acid increased with time in the epilimnion and decreased in the hypolimnion, largely related to the two contrary processes of continuous degradation and synthesis of macromolecular organic matter during life materials＇ cycle mediated by organisms. Simultaneously, plankton behavior and thermal stratification played a pivotal role in LMWOAs＇ behavior in the water column, causing decreasing and increasing profiles. The distribution of LMWOAs represents an interesting resource for biogeochemical research of DOM in aquatic ecosystems.

关键词： Hongfeng Lake low-molecular-weight organic acids photochemical production spatiotemporal variations thermal stratification

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Effect of a seasonal diffuse pollution migration on natural organic matter behavior in a stratified dam reservoir

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2010年第6期22卷 908-914页

作者： Soon Ju Yu Jae Yil Lee Sung Ryong Ha National institute of environmental research Department of Urban Engineering Chungbuk National University

This article aims to describe the influence of diffuse pollution on the temporal and spatial characteristics of natural organic matter （NOM） in a stratified dam reservoir, the Daecheong Dam, on the basis of intensive observation results and the dynamic water quality simulation using CE-QUAL-W2. Turbidity is regarded as a comprehensive representation of allochothonous organic matter from diffuse sources in storm season because the turbidity concentration showed reasonable significance in a statistical correlation with the UV absorbance at 254 nm and total phosphorus. CE-QUAL-W2 simulation results showed good consistency with the observed data in terms of dissolved organic matter （DOM） including refractory dissolved organic carbon （RDOC） and labile DOC and also well explained the internal movement of constituents and stratification phenomenon in the reservoir. Instead turbidity and NOM were related well in the upper region of the reservoir according to flow distance, gradually as changing to dissolved form of organic matter, RDOM affected organic matter concentration of reservoir water quality compared to turbidity. To control the increase of soluble organic matters in the dam reservoir, appropriate dam water discharge gate operation provided effective measurement. Because of the gate operation let avoid the accumulation of organic matter within a dam reservoir by shorten of turbid regime retention time.

关键词： CE-QUQL-W2 natural organic matter stratified dam reservoir turbidity flow

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Treatment of tunnel wash waters-experiments with organic sorbent materials. PartⅡ: Removal of toxic metals

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2008年第8期20卷 1042-1045页

作者： PARUCH Adam M ROSETH Roger Bioforsk-the Norwegian institute for Agricultural and environmental research Soil and Environment Division

In the first part of the article, the column and the bag experiments concerning removal of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and nonpolar oil (NPO) from tunnel wash waters using organic sorbent materials have been described. This part presents the results of removal of toxic metals. The metals of concern (Al, As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Pb, Mo, Ni, and Zn) were selected based on the priority toxicant pollutants defined in surface water quality criteria. Concentrations of these metals in the collected effluent...

关键词： electrostatic filters reduction level sorbents tunnel toxic metals treatment efficiency wash water

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Forest soil conservation based on eco-service provision unit method and its value in Anji County,Huzhou,Zhejiang,China

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Journal of Forestry research 2015年第2期26卷 405-415页

作者： Biao Zhang Ji-xi Gao Gao-di Xie Chun-xia Lu institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources research Chinese Academy of Science Nanjing institute of environmental Sciences Ministry of Environmental Protection

We propose an eco-service provision unit method for estimating the benefit and spatial differences of forests in controlling soil erosion.A total of 197 eco-service provision units were grouped on 1424.43 km2 of forest according to differences in vegetation,slope,soil,and *** amount of soil conservation and its economic value were *** forests in Anji County prevent4.08 9 105 tons of soil from eroding annually,thereby avoiding 1.36 9 104 tons of nutrient loss（on-site cost） and preventing 149 tons of nutritive elements from entering water systems（off-site cost）.From an economic perspective,the soil nutrient conservation in the forests of Anji County generated an annual benefit of 43.37 million RMB（Chinese Currency,6.20 RMB = us$1）.On average,each hectare of ecological forest contributed up to 436 RMB annually because of soil *** complexes with higher rainfall intensity,such as broadleaf forest and red soil on slope gradients [25°,contributed the highest soil conservation *** study identified and quantified the dominant contributors and magnitudes of soil conservation provided by *** information can benefit decision making regarding differentiated ecological compensation policies.

关键词： Soil erosion and conservation Eco-service provision unit(ESPU) Rainfall erosivity Soil erodibility Universal Soil Loss Equation(usLE)

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Combustion synthesis of Ce^(3+), Eu^(3+) and Dy^(3+) activated NaCaPO_4 phosphors

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Journal of Rare Earths 2011年第6期29卷 527-535页

作者： K N Shinde S J Dhoble Animesh Kumar Department of Physics RTM Nagpur University National environmental Engineering research institute

The preparation of NaCaPO4 doped with rare earth （RE） ions Ce3＋, Eu3＋ and Dy3＋ by combustion method was described. Under UV excitation （251 nm） of NaCaPO4：Ce3＋ showsd emission （367 nm） in UV range. When NaCaPO4：Dy3＋ phosphor was excited at 349 nm, the emission spectrum showed intense bands at 482 nm （blue） and 576 nm （yellow）. In Eu activated NaCaPO4 phosphor, the emission spectrum showed a dominant peak at 594 nm （orange） while others were at 614 and 621 nm （red） when excited at 393 nm. The prepared phosphor was characterized by X-ray diffraction （XRD）, scanning electron microscope （SEM） and photoluminescence （PL） measurement. Thus, the photoluminescence behavior of NaCaPO4：Ce3＋ was strongly suggested for scintillator. Likewise, Eu3＋ and Dy3＋ activated NaCaPO4 phosphors were recommended for near-UV white light-emitting diodes （LEDs）.

关键词： combustion synthesis photoluminescence phosphor scintillator solid state lighting rare earths

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Atmospheric Corrosion of Copper Exposed in a Simulated Coastal-Industrial Atmosphere

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2017年第6期33卷 587-595页

作者： Chen Pan Wangyan Lv Zhenyao Wang Wei Su Chuan Wang Shinian Liu environmental Corrosion Center Institute of Metal Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Electric Power research institute Guangdong Power Grid Corporation

The corrosion behavior of copper exposed in a simulated coastal-industrial atmosphere has been investigated using weight loss measurement, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, potentiodynamic polarization and in-situ electrochemical impedance spectroscopy（EIS） with micro-distance *** results show that corrosion kinetics follows the empirical equation D = Atn. The main corrosion products are composed of Cu_2O, Cu_2Cl（OH）_3 and Cu_4Cl_2（OH）_6. A two-layer structure comprising a loose outer layer and a compact inner layer forms the corrosion products during corrosion process. SO_2 has been found to promote the formation of Cu_4Cl_2（OH）_6.

关键词： Copper Atmospheric corrosion SEM EIS

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