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Soil carbon characterization along the profile of two forest soils under Quercus pyrenaica

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Journal of Forestry Research 2020年第2期31卷 591-600页

作者： A.P.Fernandez-Getino J.L.Alonso-Prados M.I.Santin-Montanya upf-dtevpf Instituto Nacional de Investigacion y Tecnologia Agraria y AlimentariaINIACtra.A Corunakm 7.528040 MadridSpain Dpto.Proteccion Vegetal Instituto Nacional de Investigacion y Tecnologia Agraria y AlimentariaINIACtra.A Corun akm 7.528040 MadridSpain

In light of concerns over climate change and increasing levels of CO2 in the atmosphere,it is of importance to investigate soil organic matter in Mediterranean forests at a profile ***-depth studies of the organic fraction are also of interest to improve understanding of carbon balance and to facilitate modelling of carbon fixation in forest *** research evaluates the relationships between diverse parameters such as colour,content,and form of soil organic matter(SOM).Two Quercus pyrenica ecosystems with soils classified as inceptisols with a xeric or dry moisture regime,and developed under a Mediterranean climate in Spain,were used to characterize SOM through the complete sequence of layers of the soil *** differentiating factor between the two ecosystems was slope *** was done using characteristics of humic substances(HS)as indicators of SOM turnover in *** analysis was used to further characterize the humic *** soil colour measurements are a tool for soil type classification and soil organic carbon prediction,the relation between HS colour measured by reflection and by transmission was determined in order to establish a relationship between measurement *** analysis and colour provided evidence of a different level of stabilization of HS from both soils,and between the different *** of humic acids was found to be greater in deeper horizons than in the surface *** inverse relationship between HS colour measured by reflection and by transmission was *** soils showed a clear trend in which horizons presenting lower absorbance numbers showed higher figures of hue and value.A more marked accumulation of humified compounds was found in pedons,(the smallest unit or volume of soil that contains all the soil types),in the less steep *** might be explained in terms of the physiographic position affecting infiltration behavior and exposure to runoff.

关键词： Organic matter turnover Colour humic substance(HS)by reflection Colour HS by transmission Humification index Mediterranean Quercus species

Combination of Tsoft and ET34-ANA-V80 software for the preprocessing and analysis of tide gauge data in French Polynesia

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2023年第1期14卷 26-34页

作者： Bernard Ducarme Jean-Pierre Barriot Fangzhao Zhang Catholic University of Louvain Georges Lemaître Centre for Earth and Climate Research(ELI)1348 Louvain-la-NeuveBelgium Geodesy Observatory of Tahiti University of French Polynesia(UPF)PunaauiaFrench Polynesia College of Geodesy and Geomatics Shandong University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266590China

Since 2008 a network of five sea-level monitoring stations was progressively installed in French *** stations are autonomous and data,collected at a sampling rate of 1 or 2 min,are not only recorded locally,but also transferred in real time by a radio-link to the NOAA through the GOES *** new ET34-ANA-V80 version of ETERNA,initially developed for Earth Tides analysis,is now able to analyze ocean tides *** a two-step validation scheme,we took advantage of the flexibility of this new version,operated in conjunction with the preprocessing facilities of the Tsoft software,to recover co rrected data series able to model sea-level variations after elimination of the ocean tides *** performed the tidal analysis of the tide gauge data with the highest possible selectivity(optimal wave grouping)and a maximum of additional terms(shallow water constituents).Our goal was to provide corrected data series and modelled ocean tides signal to compute tide-free sea-level variations as well as tidal prediction models with centimeter *** also present in this study the characteristics of the ocean tides in French Polynesia and preliminary results concerning the non-tidal variations of the sea level concerning the tide gauge setting.

关键词： Tide gauges Tidal data processing Mean sea level

Alternative uses for tannery wastes:a review of environmental,sustainability,and science

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Journal of Leather Science and Engineering 2020年第1期2卷 249-268页

作者： Cesar Vinicius Toniciolli Rigueto Marieli Rosseto Daniela Dal Castel Krein Bruna Elisangela Pessini Ostwald Lillian Avila Massuda Barbara Belem Zanella Aline Dettmer Postgraduate Program in Food Science and Technology(PPGCTA) University of Passo Fundo(UPF)Faculty of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine(FAMV)Passo FundoRSBrazil Chemical Engineering Course University of Passo Fundo(UPF)Faculty of Engineering and Architecture(FEAR)Passo FundoRSBrazil

The manufacture of leather covers a wide productive chain and beyond contributes to the economic *** various stages of leather processing result in high volumes of solid *** Brazil,a daily generation of 375 tons of solid waste is estimated,and landfills are still the most used route to its *** this review,emphasis will be given to researches that have sought alternatives for the use of solid waste from the tannery *** the main applications of solid tannery wastes,the following stand out production of adsorbent materials,biodiesel,biogas,biopolymers,applications in agriculture and other applications involving extraction/recovery of compounds of industrial/commercial interest,isolation of microorganisms and production of enzymes and applications in the animal *** each alternative of waste application,the technologies used,the opportunities,and the challenges faced are *** hope that this review can provide valuable information to promote the broad understanding of the possibilities that tannery solid wastes has for the development of biodegradable and agricultural products,wastewater treatment,extraction of compounds of industrial and commercial interest,among others.

关键词： Leather Adsorption Biodiesel Biogas Biopolymers Agriculture

Nitrogen addition delays the emergence of an aridity-induced threshold for plant biomass

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National Science Review 2023年第11期10卷 148-159页

作者： Hailing Li César Terrer Miguel Berdugo Fernando T.Maestre Zaichun Zhu Josep Pe?uelas Kailiang Yu Lin Luo Jie-Yu Gong Jian-Sheng Ye State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-Ecosystems College of EcologyLanzhou University Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology Instituto Multidisciplinar para el Estudio del Medio“Ramón Margalef ”Universidad de Alicante Institut de Biologia Evolutiva(CSIC-upf) Departamento de Ecología Universidad de Alicante School of Urban Planning and Design Peking University Shenzhen Graduate SchoolPeking University CSIC Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB CREAF Cerdanyola del Vallès High Meadows Environmental Institute Princeton University

Crossing certain aridity thresholds in global drylands can lead to abrupt decays of ecosystem attributes such as plant productivity, potentially causing land degradation and desertification. It is largely unknown,however, whether these thresholds can be altered by other key global change drivers known to affect the water-use efficiency and productivity of vegetation, such as elevated CO2and nitrogen(N). Using >5000 empirical measurements of plant biomass, we showed that crossing an aridity(1–precipitation/potential evapotranspiration) threshold of ～0.50, which marks the transition from dry sub-humid to semi-arid climates, led to abrupt declines in aboveground biomass(AGB) and progressive increases in root:shoot ratios, thus importantly affecting carbon stocks and their distribution. N addition significantly increased AGB and delayed the emergence of its aridity threshold from 0.49 to 0.55(P < 0.05). By coupling remote sensing estimates of leaf area index with simulations from multiple models, we found that CO2enrichment did not alter the observed aridity threshold. By 2100, and under the RCP 8.5 scenario, we forecast a 0.3% net increase in the global land area exceeding the aridity threshold detected under a scenario that includes N deposition, in comparison to a 2.9% net increase if the N effect is not considered. Our study thus indicates that N addition could mitigate to a great extent the negative impact of increasing aridity on plant biomass in drylands. These findings are critical for improving forecasts of abrupt vegetation changes in response to ongoing global environmental change.

关键词： aboveground biomass root:shoot ratios elevated CO2 nitrogen fertilization ecosystem threshold

Trihalomethane concentrations in tap water as determinant of bottled water use in the city of Barcelona

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2017年第8期29卷 77-92页

作者： Laia Font-Ribera Jordi Colomer Cotta Anna Gómez-Gutiérrez Cristina M.Villanueva ISGlobal Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL) 08003 Barcelona Spain IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute) 08003 Barcelona Spain Uniuersitat Pompeu Fabra (upf) 08003 Barcelona Spain CIBER Epidemiologfa y Salud Publica (CIBERESP) 28029 Madrid Spain Public Health Agency of Barcelona (ASPB) 08023 Barcelona Spain

Bottled water consumption is increasing worldwide, despite its huge economic and environmental cost. We aim to describe personal and tap water quality determinants of bottled water use in the city of Barcelona. This cross-sectional study used data from the Health Survey of Barcelona in 2006（N = 5417 adults）. The use of bottled water to drink and to cook was evaluated in relation to age, gender, educational level, district and levels of trihalomethanes（THMs）, free chlorine, conductivity, chloride, sodium, p H, nitrate and aluminium in municipal tap water using Robust Poisson Regression. The prevalence of bottled water use to drink and cook was 53.9% and 6.7%, respectively. Chemical parameters in water had a large variability（interquartile range of THMs concentrations： 83.2–200.8 μg/L）and were correlated between them, except aluminium. Drinking bottled water increased with educational level, while cooking with bottled water was higher among men than among women and decreased with age. After adjusting by these personal determinants, a dose–response relationship was found between concentrations of all chemicals except aluminium in tap water and bottled water use. The highest association was found for THMs,with a Prevalence Ratio of 2.00（95%CI = 1.86, 2.15） for drinking bottled water and 2.80（95%CI = 1.72, 4.58） for cooking with bottled water, among those with 〉 150 μg/L vs. 〈 100 μg/L THMs in tap water. Conclusion： More than half of Barcelona residents regularly drank bottled water, and the main determinant was the chemical composition of tap water,particularly THM level.

关键词： Tap water Drinking water Trihalomethanes Organoleptics Determinants Prevalence

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元宵夜里灯与火

粤海风 2012年第2期 78-79页

作者：张秦峰西班牙upf大学

元宵节,道教称之为上元节,与七月十五的中元和十月十五的下元并称"三元",分别为天官、地官与水官的生日,因天官喜乐故在此日燃灯以庆;佛教则信正月十五为参佛之吉日良辰,故燃灯表佛;又一说法为汉文帝在此日平息"诸吕之乱",遂命各家张灯... 详细信息

元宵节,道教称之为上元节,与七月十五的中元和十月十五的下元并称"三元",分别为天官、地官与水官的生日,因天官喜乐故在此日燃灯以庆;佛教则信正月十五为参佛之吉日良辰,故燃灯表佛;又一说法为汉文帝在此日平息"诸吕之乱",遂命各家张灯结彩以示庆祝。实际上,元宵节并不需要借助于道教。

关键词：元宵节道教佛教汉文帝释放起源燃烧天官民俗火焰

Examples of products from PAGES LandCover6k-Past Global Land Cover and Land Use for Climate Modelling

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Examples of products from PAGES LandCover6k-Past Global Land...

Attenuation artifacts in light sheet fluorescence microscopy corrected by OPTiSPIM

中国古生物学会孢粉学分会十届二次学术年会

作者： Marie-José Gaillard Andria Dawson Ralph Fyfe Esther Githumbi Emily Hammer Sandy Harrison Furong Li Marco Madella Kathleen D.Morrison Nicki J.Whitehouse Linnaeus University Mount Royal University Plymouth University University of Pennsylvania University of Reading University Pompeu Fabra(upf)

The question of whether prehistoric human impacts on land cover（*** land cover change due to land use,LULC） were sufficiently large to have a major impact on regional climates is still a matter of *** model simulations have shown that LULC data sets can have large regional impacts on climate in recent and prehistoric time（1）.But there are major differences between the available LULC scenarios/data sets such as HYDE and KK（2）,and diagnoses of inferred carbon-cycle impacts show that none of the scenarios are realistic（3）.The only way to provide a useful assessment of the potential for LULC changes to affect climate in the past,is to provide more realistic LULC data based on palaeovegetation and archaeological evidence to LULC models such as HYDE（History Database of the Global Environment）.This is the goal of the PAGES（Past Global Changes） LandCover6 k working *** use the REVEALS model to reconstruct LC from pollen data at a regional scale,and archaeological data on settlement and landuse type and intensity（LU）.Archaeology-based LU information such as maps of land-use categories and per-capita land-use estimates are then used to improve LULC model scenarios such as those from ***-based REVEALS estimates of LC will be used to evaluate/validate model outputs of vegetation cover once the improved LULC scenarios will be used in palaeoclimate and carbon cycle *** new modelling experiments will be included in the current and future plans of the Palaeoclimate Modelling Intercomparison Project（PMIP）.Such simulations are necessary to assess the impact of LULC changes and ecosystem management on future *** present results from five years of PAGES LandCover6 k activities.

关键词： Holocene archaeological data pollen data REVEALS anthropogenic land-cover change(ALCC)

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Light(Science & Applications) 2018年第1期7卷 392-404页

作者： Jürgen Mayer Alexandre Robert-Moreno James Sharpe Jim Swoger Centre for Genomic Regulation(CRG) The Barcelona Institute of Science and TechnologyDr.Aiguader 8808003 BarcelonaSpain Universitat Pompeu Fabra(upf) BarcelonaSpain InstitucióCatalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats(ICREA) Pg.Lluis Companys 2308010 BarcelonaSpain Present address:European Molecular Biology Laboratory(EMBL) Dr.Aiguader 8808003 BarcelonaSpain

Light sheet fluorescence microscopy(LSFM)is rapidly becoming an essential technology for mesoscopic imaging of samples such as embryos and adult mouse ***,LSFM can suffer from optical artifacts for which there is no intrinsic *** attenuation of light due to absorbing material causes“shadow”artifacts along both the illumination and detection *** approaches have been introduced to reduce this problem,including scanning illumination and multi-view ***,neither of these approaches completely eliminates the *** the distribution of the absorbing material is complex,shadows cannot be *** introduce a new approach that relies on multi-modal integration of two very different mesoscopic *** LSFM,optical projection tomography(OPT)can operate in transmission mode to create a voxel map of the 3D distribution of the sample’s optical ***,we demonstrate a hybrid instrument(OPTiSPIM)that can quantify this attenuation and use the information to correct the shadow artifacts of LSFM.

关键词： illumination light absorbing

Sensory Evaluation of Winter Cereal Silage

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Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering 2017年第3期11卷 102-106页

作者： Carlos Eugenio Fortes Teixeira Renato Serena Fontaneli Tecnico em mecdnica Engenharia Mecdnica--IFSul--Campus Passo Fundo Passo Fundo Brazil Agronomia/ppgAgro upf Universidade de Passo Fundo Passo Fundo Brazil