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Examining control,centrality and flexibility in Palladio’s villa plans using space syntax measurements

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2021年第3期10卷 467-482页

作者： Michael J.Dawes Michael J.Ostwald Ju Hyun Lee unsw built environment The University of New South WalesSydneyNSW 2052Australia

Andrea Palladio’s Renaissance villas are amongst the most famous and widely studied examples of domestic architecture ever *** majority of past research about Palladio’s architecture employed historical,mathematical and computational methods to analyse their complex proportional systems and *** contrast,this paper examines three of Palladio’s arguments about his villas plans which relate to their spatial properties and topological ***,this paper uses a computational method e the justified plan graph(JPG)e to test two arguments about the location and significance of the primary salon on the plan,and a third about the extent to which the rooms in Palladio’s plans are,as he claims,flexible enough to contain alternative *** ten of Palladio’s piano nobile(main floor)plans from I Quattro Libri Dell’Architettura as cases,this paper develops mathematical data to test three hypotheses framed around Palladio’s plans and theories.

关键词： Andrea palladio Palladian villa Renaissance architecture Space syntax Justified plan graph(JPG)

Increase in the variability of terrestrial carbon uptake in response to enhanced future ENSO modulation

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2025年第1期18卷 32-38页

作者： Younong Li Li Dan Jing Peng Qidong Yang Fuqiang Yang Key Laboratory of Regional Climate-environment for Temperate East Asia Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Key Laboratory of Atmospheric environment and Processes in the Boundary Layer over the Low-Latitude Plateau Region Department of Atmospheric ScienceYunnan UniversityKunmingChina

El Niño-Southern Oscillation(ENSO)is a major driver of climate change in middle and low latitudes and thus strongly influences the terrestrial carbon cycle through land-air *** the ENSO modulation and carbon flux variability are projected to increase in the future,but their connection still needs further *** investigate the impact of future ENSO modulation on carbon flux variability,this study used 10 CMIP6 earth system models to analyze ENSO modulation and carbon flux variability in middle and low latitudes,and their relationship,under different scenarios simulated by CMIP6 *** results show a high consistency in the simulations,with both ENSO modulation and carbon flux variability showing an increasing trend in the *** higher the emissions scenario,especially SSP5-8.5 compared to SSP2-4.5,the greater the increase in *** flux variability in the middle and low latitudes under SSP2-4.5 increases by 30.9%compared to historical levels during 1951-2000,while under SSP5-8.5 it increases by 58.2%.Further analysis suggests that ENSO influences mid-and low-latitude carbon flux variability primarily through *** occurrence may potentially be attributed to the increased responsiveness of gross primary productivity towards regional temperature fluctuations,combined with the intensified influence of ENSO on land surface temperatures.

关键词： Carbon variability ENSO modulation CMIP6 models

Intermolecular reductive coupling of aliphatic ketones with alkynes and alkenes by BCN photocatalysts

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Science China Chemistry 2025年第1期 181-185页

作者： Yanping Xia Luyang Sun Jiajia Cheng Sibo Wang Meifang Zheng Xinchen Wang State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and environment College of Chemistry Fuzhou University

A photocatalytic process was developed for intermolecular reductive coupling of aliphatic ketones with alkynes/alkenes to furnish tertiary alcohols. Mechanistic studies support that boron carbonitrides(BCN) promote the single electron reduction of unactivated aliphatic ketones to generate ketyl radicals with visible light irradiation, which then react with alkynes and alkenes to afford the allylic and aliphatic alcohols, respectively. The heterogeneous photocatalytic system is compatible with diverse substrates including pharmaceutical-related molecules(43 examples) with reusability and scale-up experiments, verifying the complementary synthetic utility of this method to the homogeneous catalysts.

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Social media as passive geo-participation in transportation planning-how effective are topic modeling&sentiment analysis in comparison with citizen surveys?

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Geo-Spatial Information Science 2020年第4期23卷 275-292页

作者： Oliver Lock Christopher Pettit City Futures Research Centre Faculty of Built EnvironmentUniversity of New South Wales(UNSW)SydneyAustralia Expanded Perception and Interaction Centre(Epicentre) Faculty of Art&DesignUniversity of New South Wales(UNSW)SydneyAustralia

We live in an era of rapid urbanization as many cities are experiencing an unprecedented rate of population growth and *** transport is playing an increasingly important role in urban mobility with a need to move people and goods efficiently around the *** such pressures on existing public transportation systems,this paper investigates the opportunities to use social media to more effectively engage with citizens and customers using such *** research forms a case study of the use of passively collected forms of big data in cities-focusing on Sydney,***,it examines social media data(Tweets)related to public transport ***,it joins this to longitudinal big data-delay information continuously broadcast by the network over a year,thus forming hundreds of millions of data ***,tones,and sentiment are modeled using machine learning and Natural Language Processing(NLP)*** resulting data,and models,are compared to opinions derived from a citizen survey among *** validity of such data and models versus the intentions of users,in the context of systems that monitor and improve transport performance,are *** such,key recommendations for developing Smart Cities were formed in an applied research context based on these data and techniques.

关键词： Social media smart cities public participation urban sensing transport planning natural language processing machine learning big data

Numerical evaluation of the use of vegetation as a shelterbelt for enhancing the wind and thermal comfort in peripheral and lateral-type skygardens in highrise buildings

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Building Simulation 2023年第2期16卷 243-261页

作者： Murtaza Mohammadi Paige Wenbin Tien John Kaiser Calautit Department of Architecture and built environment University of NottinghamNottinghamUK

Skygardens or skycourts are a unique architectural intervention in the built environment,enhancing the social,economic,and environmental values of the *** allows occupants to connect and experience outdoor freshness within a semi-enclosed ***,skygardens located on a highrise building may generate intense wind gusts,endangering the safety of *** a validated computational fluid dynamics model,this study investigates the potential of various vegetative barriers or shelterbelts in attenuating the high wind speeds encountered in such spaces and the impact on wind and thermal *** skygarden configurations were investigated with and without vegetative barriers,simplified and modelled as porous zones,and their effect was studied on the velocity and temperature profile at the occupants’*** results indicate that while hedges and trees can offer resistance to airflow,trees provide higher temperature ***,a combination of vegetative and geometrical barriers provides the most optimal condition in the *** study has identified the importance of assessing wind attenuation characteristics of tree plantations on highrise skygarden,and the results can be used in designing intervention ***,vegetation can attenuate pollutants and mitigate poor air quality by surface deposition,and future studies should investigate in that direction.

关键词： built environment computational fluid dynamics(CFD) wind comfort thermal comfort skygarden

On-site solar PV generation and use: Self-consumption andself-sufficiency

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Building Simulation 2023年第10期16卷 1835-1849页

作者： Zheng Wang Mark B.Luther Peter Horan Jane Matthews Chunlu Liu School of Architecture and built environment Deakin UniversityGeelongAustralia

As energy storage systems are typically not installed with residential solar photovoltaic (PV) systems,any “excess” solar energy exceeding the house load remains unharvested or is exported to the *** paper introduces an approach towards a system design for improved PV self-consumptionand self-sufficiency. As a result, a polyvalent heat pump, offering heating, cooling and domestic hotwater, is considered alongside water storage tanks and batteries. Our method of system analysisbegins with annual hourly thermal loads for heating and cooling a typical Australian house inGeelong, Victoria. These hourly heating and cooling loads are determined using Transient SystemSimulation (TRNSYS) software. The house’s annual hourly electricity consumption is analysed usingsmart meter data downloaded from the power supplier and PV generation data measured with aPV system controller. The results reveal that the proposed system could increase PV self-consumptionand self-sufficiency to 41.96% and 86.34%, respectively, resulting in the annual imported energybeing reduced by about 74%. The paper also provides sensitivity analyses for the hot and coldstorage tank sizes, the coefficient of performance of the heat pump, solar PV and battery *** establishing the limits of thermal storage size, a significant impact on self-efficiency can berealised through battery storage. This study demonstrates the feasibility of using a polyvalent heatpump together with water storage tanks and, ultimately, batteries to increase PV self-consumptionand self-sufficiency. Future work will concentrate on determining a best-fit approach to systemsizing embedded within the TRNSYS simulation tool.

关键词： solar photovoltaic polyvalent heat pump energy storage self-consumption self-sufficiency

An integer multi-objective optimization model and an enhanced non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm for contraflow scheduling problem

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Journal of Central South University 2015年第6期22卷 2399-2405页

作者：李沛恒楼颖燕 School of Sustainable Engineering and the built environment Arizona State University

To determine the onset and duration of contraflow evacuation, a multi-objective optimization(MOO) model is proposed to explicitly consider both the total system evacuation time and the operation cost. A solution algorithm that enhances the popular evolutionary algorithm NSGA-II is proposed to solve the model. The algorithm incorporates preliminary results as prior information and includes a meta-model as an alternative to evaluation by simulation. Numerical analysis of a case study suggests that the proposed formulation and solution algorithm are valid, and the enhanced NSGA-II outperforms the original algorithm in both convergence to the true Pareto-optimal set and solution diversity.

关键词： hurricane evacuation contraflow scheduling multi-objective optimization NSGA-II

A limit equilibrium fracture zone model to investigate seismicity in coal mines

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2018年第5期28卷 745-753页

作者： Daniel Malan John Napier Department of Mining Engineering Faculty of Engineering Built Environment and IT University of Pretoria

This paper explores possible synergies between techniques used to minimise seismicity in deep South African gold mines and their applicability to control coal bumps. The paper gives a summary of the techniques used in the deep gold mines and a critical appraisal if these are useful in coal mines. The techniques typically include control of mining rate, preconditioning, optimisation of extraction sequences and centralised blasting. Of particular interest to the coal bump problem is an experimental limit equilibrium fracture zone model implemented in a displacement discontinuity code. This was recently developed for the gold mines to enable the interactive analysis of complex tabular mine layout extraction sequences. The model specifically accommodates energy dissipation computations in the developing fracture zone near the edges of these excavations. This allows the released energy to be used as a surrogate measure of ongoing seismic activity and addresses a number of the weaknesses in the traditional usage of this quantity as a criterion for the design of seismically active layouts. This paper investigates the application of the model to a hypothetical coal longwall layout and the specific problem of coal bumps.

关键词： Coal bumps Limit equilibrium model Mining rate Seismicity

Sustainability Issues Related to the Engineering Geology of Long Linear Developments

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Journal of Mountain Science 2011年第2期8卷 321-327页

作者： PAIGE-GREEN Philip CSIR built environment Pretoria 0001 South Africa

The development of long linear structures such as roads, rail roads, tunnels, canals and pipelines often has unique engineering geology challenges. These include geological modeling, the identification of material strength and support factors, stability and risk issues, material excavation characteristics and the proposal of techniques for overcoming geotechnical problems, which are normally assessed as part of the conventional engineering geological investigation. An additional factor that is becoming increasingly important but is seldom included in investigations is the sustainability of the geotechnical inputs, in contrast to the sustainability of the project which is generally included. Sustainability issues revolve around the non-renewable nature of most construction resources and there is no doubt that the injudicious use of these construction materials and construction water is not sustainable in the long term: it is thus essential that the engineering geo-logical investigation should take cognizance of such issues and be adapted to provide the design engineer with the information that will maximize the sustainability options. This will also require a closer on-going relation-ship between the engineering geologist and the design engineer. This paper highlights significant sustainability issues (note that these differ from conventional environmental issues) and suggests some mitigating solutions. The sustainability issues discussed include primarily material and water usage, with some reference to energy conservation (mostly through alternative material usage and processing techniques and transportation).

关键词： Engineering geology Sustainability Linear structures Construction material Water