检索结果-南通市图书馆

Upper arm length along with mid-upper arm circumference to enhance wasting prevalence estimation and diagnosis:sensitivity and specificity in 6-59-months old children

引用

Family Medicine and Community Health 2021年第2期9卷 24-30页

作者： Mouhamed Barro Mohamed Daouda Baro Djibril Cisse Noel Zagre Thierno Ba Shanti Neff Baro Yacouba Diagana Nutrition and development association NouakchottMauritania Nutrition UNICEFNouakchottMauritania unicef west and central africa regional office DakarSenegal Ministry of Health NouakchottMauritania Independent Consultant in Biostatistics ParisFrance University of Nouakchott NouakchottMauritania

Objective To evaluate the added value of the use of upper arm length(UAL)along with mid-upper arm circumference(MUAC)to diagnose and estimate the prevalence of wasting in comparison to current WHO standard and other MUAC-based *** UAL and usual anthropometric measurements were collected during a national cross-sectional nutritional *** were classified into three upper arm length groups(UALGs):UALG1,UALG2 and UALG3 according to the following UAL limits:≤150,151-180 and≥181 mm,*** operating characteristic curves were used to determine the best MUAC cut-off for each group using weight-for height Z-score(WHZ)as a reference *** prevalence,sensitivity and specificity of all diagnostic methods were *** This study was conducted in *** National representative sample of children from 6 to 59 months *** In total,12590 children were included in the *** prevalence was 16.1%,5.0%and 12.5%when diagnosed by WHZ<−2,MUAC<125 mm and MUAC-UALG methods,*** the MUAC-UALG method increased the sensitivity for wasting diagnosis from 17.98%with MUAC<125 mm to 39.43%with *** specificity decreased from 97.49%with MUAC<125 mm to 92.71%with *** MUAC-height Z score and MUAC<138 mm,sensitivity was 26.04%and 69.76%and specificity were 97.40%and 75.64%*** This alternative method using MUAC tape to measure UAL increases the wasting diagnosis accuracy and allows for a better estimation of wasting *** method could be used as a potential alternative method for quick surveys in emergency settings such as Corona virus disease 2019 context.

关键词： diagnosis estimation Upper

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Perspectives in restoration: storage and pretreatments of seeds for better germination of Sudanian savanna-woodland species

引用

Journal of Forestry Research 2016年第4期27卷 773-778页

作者： S.D.Dayamba P.Savadogo S.Diawara L.Sawadogo World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF) West and Central Africa Regional Office - Sahel Node World Agroforestry Centre & International Crop Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRAF-ICRISAT) West and Central Africa Region-Sahel Node De'partement Productions Forestie`res Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique Institut de l’Environnement et de Recherches Agricoles

Insufficient knowledge of the germination ecology of local species is one of the main constraints to restoration of degraded rural lands. We tested seeds from fourteen Sudanian savanna species targeted for restoration for their response to two different pretreatments（conventional and prolonged acid pretreatments） and two different storage conditions（ambient room conditions and refrigerator at 4 C）. For 6 of the studied species, longer soaking in sulphuric acid significantly improved germination rates and also reduced the germination time of some species. Storage condition, in general did not affect germination rates except for two species where cool storage depressed germination. The practical implication is that, for the species tested, when mature seeds are collected for plantation in the upcoming rainy season, there is no need to invest in infrastructure and energy for storing in cold *** study also revealed that in general when seeds are stored in ambient conditions from the time of collection up to seeding time, although germination rate does not increase, germination time is shortened and this could be of great interest in synchronizing germination in real field conditions.

关键词： germination restoration plantation ambient mature stored ecology degraded shortened longer

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Combating Micronutrient Deficiencies—An Important Component of Poverty Reduction

引用

Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2001年第1期14卷 92-97页

作者： MARTIN W. BLOEM REGINA MOENCH-PFANNER LYNNDA KIESS Helen Keller International regional office Asia Pacific Helen Keller International Regional Office Asia Pacific Helen Keller International Regional Office Asia Pacific

In the late 1990s, the international development banks and the International Monetary Fund (IMF) convened to outline seven International Development Goals (IDGs) to reduce poverty by 2015. These goals incorporated both the economic and social dimensions of poverty. A two thirds reduction of child mortality and a three fourths reduction of maternal mortality from rates in 1990 by 2015 are two of these seven IDGs. There is a need for better combinations of cost effective strategies to reach these challenging goals by the year 2015. This paper discusses the potential usefulness of micronutrient deficiency control programs for this purpose.

关键词：

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Water-saving irrigation of paddy field to reduce nutrient runoff

引用

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2010年第6期22卷 885-891页

作者： Tadayoshi Hitomi Yusaku Iwamoto Asa Miura Koji Hamada Kyoji Takaki Eisaku Shiratani National Institute for Rural Engineering Kyusyu regional Agricultural Administration office

The purpose of this work is to study the effect of a type of water-saving irrigation （WSI） on nutrient runoff of paddy field. The volume of surface drainage was maintained low by WSI. In particular, WSI effectively reduced surface drainage in rain events. Model simulation indicated that net runoff load of total nitrogen （TN） from the paddy field was increased by WSI. Meanwhile, net runoff loads of total phosphorus （TP） and total organic carbon （TOC） from the paddy field was decreased by WSI. Because ponding waters of the study fields were enriched with TP and TOC, WSI reduced runoff of these nutrients by controlling the volume of surface drainage. WSI could be considered an efficient method for reducing runoff loads and could conserve water quality in an agricultural watershed.

关键词： model simulation net runoff load storage capacity surface drainage tank model water management

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Climate change and invasive species:double jeopardy

引用

Integrative Zoology 2010年第2期5卷 102-111页

作者： Susan A.MAINKA Geoffrey W.HOWARD Science and Learning Unit International Union for Conservation of NatureGlandSwitzerland regional office for Eastern and Southern africa International Union for Conservation of NatureNairobiKenya

Two of the key drivers of biodiversity loss today are climate change and invasive *** change is already having a measurable impact on species distributions,reproduction and behavior,and all evidence suggests that things will get worse even if we act tomorrow to mitigate any future increases in greenhouse gas emissions:temperature will increase,precipitation will change,sea level will rise and ocean chemistry will *** the same time,biological invasions remain an important threat to biodiversity,causing species loss,changes in distribution and habitat *** together,the impacts of each of these drivers of change are compounded and interactions between these two threats present even greater challenges to field conservationists as well as ***,the social and economic impacts of climate change and invasive species,already substantial,will be *** of the links between the two should underpin all biodiversity management planning and policy.

关键词： climate change ecosystem management invasive species

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Non-participation of asymptomatic candidates in screening protocols reduces early diagnosis and worsens prognosis of colorectal cancer

引用

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第26期30卷 3198-3200页

作者： Sergio Pérez-Holanda office of regional Viceministry of Health Regional Viceministry of HealthOviedo 33005AsturiasSpain

The Agatsuma et al’s study shows that despite the evidence of the benefits of an early colorectal cancer(CRC)diagnosis,through screening in asymptomatic subjects,up to 50%of candidates reject this option and many of those affected are diagnosed later,in advanced *** efficacy of screening programs has been well-established for several years,which reduces the risk of CRC morbidity and mortality,without taking into account the test used for screening,or other ***,a significant proportion of patients remain unscreened,so understanding the factors involved,as well as the barriers of the population to adherence is the first step to possibly modify the participation *** barriers could include a full range of social and political aspects,especially the type of financial provision of each health *** Japan,health services are universal,and this advantageous situation makes it easier for citizens to access to these services,contributing to the detection of various diseases,including ***,the symptomatic CRC group had a lower early-stage diagnosis rate than the patients detected during follow-up for other comorbidities,and symptomatic and cancer screening groups showed similar early-stage diagnosis.

关键词： Colorectal neoplasms Cancer registry Diagnostic route Cancer screening Stage at diagnosis

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

High Risk Behaviors for HIV and STIs Among Men Who Have Sex with Men Aged 15−19 Years—Guangzhou City and Tianjin Municipality,China,2018

引用

China CDC weekly 2020年第26期2卷 469-475页

作者： Hui Liu GJohnston Lisa Lei Zhang Mengjie Han Hao Zhu Jie Yang Jingyan Li Lu Liu Yujing Liu Mark Prabhu Shirley National Centre for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina University of California San FranciscoGlobal Health SciencesSan FranciscoUSA unicef China BeijingChina United States CDC China OfficeBeijingChina Tianjin Shenlan Public Health Counseling Service Centre TianjingChina Lingnan Partners GuangzhouChina unicef East Asia and Pacific regional office BangkokThailand

What is already known on this topic?There has been a steady increase of new reported HIV infections in individuals aged 15–24 years,primarily from self-reported men who have sex with men(MSM).What is added by this report?MSM aged 15–19 years practiced behaviors that put them at high risk for HIV and other sexually transmitted infections(STIs).Systems to address their unique risks and vulnerabilities in both school settings and in high impact HIV interventions may be *** are the implications for public health practice?Special needs of MSM aged 15–19 years must be met by starting sex education in junior high school and sensitizing health workers in and out of school settings on quality counselling,testing,and *** approaches that address age of consent issues are also suggested.

关键词： starting education primarily

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Health and immunisation services for the urban poor in selected countries of Asia

引用

Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2019年第2期8卷 5-12页

作者： John Grundy Xiaojun Wang Kunihiko Chris Hirabayashi Richard Duncan Dexter Bersonda Abu Obeida Eltayeb Godwin Mindra Robin Nandy College of Public Health Medicine and Veterinary SciencesJames Cook UniversityCairnsAustralia unicef East Asia and Pacific regional office BangkokThailand unicef Headquarter New YorkUSA unicef ManilaPhilippines

Background:Asia is a region that is rapidly *** overall urban health is above rural health standards,there are also pockets of deep health and social disadvantage within urban slum and peri-urban areas that represent increased public health *** a focus on vaccine preventable disease and immunisation coverage,this commentary describes and analyses strengths and weaknesses of existing urban health and immunisation strategy,with a view to recommending strategic directions for improving access to immunisation and related maternal and child health services in urban areas across the *** themes discussed in this commentary are based on the findings of country case studies published by the United Nations Childrens Fund(unicef)on the topic of immunisation and related health services for the urban poor in Cambodia,Indonesia,Mongolia,Myanmar,the Philippines,and *** body:Although overall urban coverage is higher than rural coverage in selected countries of Asia,there are also wide disparities in coverage between socio economic groups within urban *** with these coverage gaps,there is emerging evidence of outbreaks of vaccine preventable diseases in urban *** response to this elevated public health risk,there have been some promising innovations in operational strategy in urban settings,although most of these initiatives are project related and externally *** issues for attention for urban health services access include reaching consensus on accountability for management and resourcing of the strategy,and inclusion of an urban poor approach within the planning and budgeting procedures of Ministries of Health and local *** of local partnership and community engagement strategies to inform operational approaches for socially marginalised populations are also urgently *** developments will be reliant on development of municipal models of primary health care that have clear delegations of

关键词： Urban health Urban immunisation Health equity Governance Disease control Community engagement

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Combating Micronutrient Deficiencies—An Important Component of Poverty Reduction

引用

Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2001年第Z1期 92-97页

作者： MARTIN W. BLOEM,REGINA MOENCH-PFANNER,LYNNDA KIESS Helen Keller International regional office Asia Pacific Helen Keller International regional office Asia Pacific Helen Keller International regional office Asia Pacific

关键词：

来源：

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

同方期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Use of Human Excreta as Manure in Rural China

引用

Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2014年第2期13卷 434-442页

作者： LIU Ying HUANG Ji-kun Precious Zikhali School of Economics and Management Beihang University Center for Chinese Agricultural Policy Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of Sciences International Water Management Institute Southern Africa Regional Office

Empirical research has shown that the use of manure significantly improves crop yield, soil fertility and water and moisture conservation. Despite these documented benefits, however, there is a concern on the downward trend of manure use in agriculture in China. This paper examines factors contributing to this downward trend, with a particular focus on human excreta used in agriculture. Empirical analysis based on data from stratified random sampling of rural households in five provinces of China shows that about 85% of human excreta was still used as manure in agriculture in 2007 which was less than a decade ago when nearly all human excreta was used as manure. Econometric results suggest that income growth, rising population density and improvement in rural transportation significantly contribute to declining use of human excreta as manure in agriculture. These results imply that the current downward trend will continue given China＇s rising economic growth, urbanization and rural infrastructural improvement.

关键词： manure human excreta recycling China

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

欢迎您,

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：

通借通还

欢迎您,

建议与咨询 留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

请选择保存的检索档案： 新增检索档案 确定 取消

请选择收藏分类： 新增自定义分类 确定 取消

通借通还

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：