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通过交流,促进undp项目成果扩散——记全国水稻研究所所长会议暨undp项目交流会

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安徽农业科学 1999年第4期 320-321页

作者：黄忠祥安徽省农业科学院水稻研究所undp项目办公室

Galvanic effects on cavitation damage for 1Cr13 stainless steel

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Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing 2003年第4期10卷 33-37页

作者： Dongbai Sun, Xia Bai, Hongying Yu, Huimin Meng, and Huiqing Liundp-Beijing Corrosion and Protection Center, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China undp Corrosion Ctr. Univ. of Sci. and Technol. Beijing Beijing 100083 China

Based on the electric-spark principle, a new kind of cavitation damagetesting apparatus was designed, which could produce the bubble. Bubbles collapsed and acted on asmall surface area of the alloy surface, so an intensive electrochemical inhomogenous state would beinduced and lead to the existence of surface galvanic effect on the alloy. The galvanic effect of1Cr13 SS during cavitation damage has been quantitatively investigated in NaCl solution. The resultsshow that intensive galvanic effect of 1Cr13 SS during cavitation damage appears the potential ofthe damaged area shifting negatively with the bubble collapse and simultaneously the galvaniccurrent generates. The mass loss of alloy due to cavitation increases with the bubble quantity, andincreases with the increasing of Cl- content. And both the total mass loss and the mass loss due togalvanic corrosion increase linearly with the area ratio of cavitation damaged to undamaged *** surface galvanic effects speed up the dissolution rate of the alloy, which, in turn,accelerates the mechanical damage, and aggravates the mass loss of the alloy. It has been furtherconfirmed that the mass loss due to the surface galvanic effect can be decreased by catholicprotection.

关键词： cavitation damage galvanic effect area ratio mass loss

Conservation of challenging endemic plant species at high risk of extinction in arid mountain ecosystems:a case study of Rosa arabica Cré*** Egypt

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Journal of Mountain Science 2021年第10期18卷 2698-2721页

作者： Karim OMAR Ibrahim ELGAMAL Nature Conservation Sector Ministry of EnvironmentCairo 11728Egypt United Nation Development Program(undp) Cairo 2007Egypt

Rosa arabica Cré*** a perennial shrub belonging to the family *** is endemic to the high mountain area of *** Protected Area(SCPA)in southern Sinai,Egypt,and is listed as one of the most 100 threatened plants in the ***,it has been listed as critically endangered by IUCN Red List due to its small extent of occurrence and tiny population *** reported the continuous decline in habitat quality for this species and the urgent need to carry out on-ground conservation ***,this research aims to conserve Rosa arabica through in situ practices by implementing the following steps,respectively:a)evaluate the current conservation status through IUCN Red List to extract the environmental factors controlling the species’distribution necessary for establishing the recovery program,b)determine the potential species habitat suitability under the current climate conditions using Maxent,and c)based on the previous two steps,the translocation process for *** in the suitable habitat will be done after the simple layering process as one of the most effective traditional vegetative methods for wild cultivation for this *** steps aimed to reduce the impact of threats and the risk of extinction through increasing the population size,the Extent of Occurrence(EOO),and the Area of Occupancy(AOO).We extracted the environmental factors controlling the target species’distribution and habitat suitability range using the IUCN Red List assessment and Species Distribution Model(SDM).The most suitable habitat for *** is predicted in the middle northern parts of SCPA,with the highest suitability in the High *** of driest quarter,precipitation of wettest month,precipitation of coldest quarter,and aspect are the highest mean contributors determining the distribution of *** in *** arabica potential distribution covers 324.4 km^(2)(7.46%)of the total SCPA area(4350 km^(2)).This area is divided into:18.1 km^(2)high

关键词： Mountain ecosystems Recovery Translocations Layering Conservation Species distribution modelling Maxent IUCN Red List

Introduction to and Comments on the Aarhus Convention

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The Journal of Human Rights 2004年第1期3卷 32-37页

作者： JERRY Z.LI undp China

Although regional inscope, the significance of theAarhus Convention is global.It is by far the most impres-sive elaboration of principle10 of the Rio Declaration,which stresses the need forcitizen's participation in envi-ronmental issues and foraccess to information on theenvironment held by publicauthorities. As such it is themost ambitious venture in thearea of 'environmentaldemocracy' so far undertak-en under the auspices of theUnited Nations.

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Factors Influencing Post-disaster Reconstruction Project Management for Housing Provision in the Gaza Strip, Occupied Palestinian Territories

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2017年第4期8卷 402-414页

作者： Adnan Enshassi Tarik Chatat Jason von Meding Giuseppe Forino Civil Engineering Islamic University of Gaza Ringgold Standard Institution undp Gaza of the United Nations Development Programme School of Architecture and Built Environment University of Newcastle

In the Occupied Palestinian Territories, the Gaza Strip has suffered regular cycles of reconstruction due to systematic destruction during Israeli military operations, as in 2006, 2008–2009, 2012, and 2014. In this context of ongoing conflict this article aims to identify, rank, and discuss the most important factors influencing post-disaster reconstruction project management(PDRPM) for housing in the Gaza Strip. A set of key factors that influence PDRPM were assembled as a result of a global literature review. A questionnaire survey was conducted, and the obtained data were analyzed using a relative importance index for each PDRPM factor. Findings are presented in six groups: housing approaches, organizational behavior, project funding, supply chain and logistics, communication and coordination, and PDRPM context. Findings indicate that the most significant factors that influence PDRPM for housing provision in the Gaza Strip are related to issues associated with financial resources. It is critical that sufficient funding should be available in order to allow organizations to undertake housing projects in an effective and efficient way. Joint efforts are required from international donors and local organizations in order to effectively manage financial resources with the ultimate goal of improving PDRPM for housing provision.

关键词： Gaza strip Israel–Palestine conflict Post-disaster housing Post-disaster project management Post-disaster reconstruction

Waste-to-Fuel Technology in Albania——How to Implement a Renewable Energy System in Europe’s Largest Onshore Oilfield

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Journal of Earth Science 2019年第6期30卷 1311-1325页

作者： Besmir Buranaj Hoxha Dael Dervishi Kyle Sweeney PetroFluids LLC Houston TX 77084USA McCain Institute Washington D.C.20006USA Fulbright Program&undp PrishtinaThe Republic of Kosovo

Albania has historically been known to have an active but challenging drilling activity that demands the most innovative technology to develop,predominantly,medium-heavy oil *** recent efforts have been made by the government to stimulate and expand the largest onshore European oilfield,technical and economical obstacles are *** obstacles make it difficult to fully develop reliable and profitable hydrocarbon bearing zones in a downturn economy,especially since Albanian oil can be costly to produce and *** to these typical issues that affect many local energy sectors,many developed countries diversify their energy production to avoid strict dependency on crude *** emblematic and modern option that is extensively gaining popularity in Europe focuses on renewable energy from sophisticated recycling *** Albania is a relatively"green"country when it pertains to its electricity production(97%hydropower and 3%fossil fuels),it has yet to develop energy-recycling programs that it can salvage for self-sustainable energy *** past years have seen a conscious revitalization and stimulation in the mentality of green economy in ***,in comparison to the rest of"western Europe"that are leading world examples in efficient recycling,it is significantly lagging with initial strides just now focusing on aligning national legislations with current EU ***,two crucial reasons that should motivate Albania to investigate new applications for energy recycling are:(1)alternatives to crude oil and petroleum products that can be supplemental and provide stable access to fossil fuels;(2)industrial and municipal recycling via waste management to reprocess waste and produce industrial raw material-spawning the emergence of a"circular economy"to develop the backbone needed to strengthen the industrial and manufacturing markets for a self-sustaining ***,in this paper,the topic that will be addressed,giv

关键词： renewable energy pyrolysis waste-to-fuel technology circular economy plastic-to-fuel alternative energy

A BETTER FUTURE FOR ALL

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Beijing Review 2020年第42期63卷 18-19页

作者： Beate Trankmann the United Nations Development Programme(undp)in China

Beate Trankmann, Resident Representative of the United Nations Development Programme (undp) in China, tells Beijing Review about the cooperation between the undp and China and what the results mean for the world. This is an edited excerpt of the interview:Beijing Review:What is going to be the focus of development in the post-novel coronavirus pandemic period?

关键词： interview undp cooperation

Adaptation Strategy with Climate Induced Salinity Disaster in the Coastal Area of Bangladesh

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American Journal of Climate Change 2022年第4期11卷 284-306页

作者： Md. Oliur Rahman Abul Kalam Mohammed Azad Rahman Office of The Deputy Commissioner Gaibandha Bangladesh undp Dhaka Bangladesh

This study examined explanatory responses to saline-water intrusion in the coastal areas of Bangladesh which are renowned for providing ecological and livelihood services. The goal of this study is to look at the different adaption strategies which coastal people have been using to deal with the growing salty water incursion. To this end, the researchers conducted a survey on 100 (one hundred) coastal people (Female 37% & Male 63%) chosen at a random basis from two unions (the lowest tier of local government) namely Perikhali union of Rampal upazila under Bagerhat district and Banishanta union of Dacope upazila under Khulna District at the southwest coast of Bangladesh. Agriculture (30%) and fisheries (27%) were the main livelihoods of the respondents. While looking at their existing problems due to salinity, it is seen that around 65% people are to move 3 - 5 (three to five) kilometres to get water access, low yield from agriculture (47%) and conversion of agricultural land (25%), acute crisis of grazing land (50%), damaged housing of cattle (30%) and fisheries (92%) are being affected due to salinity. Along with the impact, locals also have adaptation like seasonal water storage (31%), desalination (30%) and rainwater harvesting (26%) for water related impact. For agriculture, farmers are rotating crops (32%), cultivating saline tolerant varieties and others have switched from rice cultivation to other crops (30%) and cultivating saline tolerant variety (32%). In livestock, farmers are using better management practices (39%) followed by complete shift of livestock rearing (20%) to other businesses. Shifting from freshwater fish to marine water fish and crab/prawn cultivation (38%) found the most adaptation practices by the communities. For long term resilience to salinity induced disaster, collection of safe water (93%), quality seed (57%), disease control (47%) in livestock and quality hatchlings are the main barriers identified by the communities. For strengthen

关键词： Adaptation Climate Change Salinity

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水资源规划中的灰色系统理论方法

水利学报 1993年第3期25卷 42-47页

作者：李铭 undp宁波水资源项目研究管理中心

本文从水资源开发利用和保护与经济社会协调发展的观点出发,提出了水资源系统规划方法,系统地论述了灰色系统理论在水资源规划中的应用,具体地建立了灰色需水模型,灰色拓扑径流模型,灰色供水模型,灰色综合效益评价模型和灰色水资源多目... 详细信息

本文从水资源开发利用和保护与经济社会协调发展的观点出发,提出了水资源系统规划方法,系统地论述了灰色系统理论在水资源规划中的应用,具体地建立了灰色需水模型,灰色拓扑径流模型,灰色供水模型,灰色综合效益评价模型和灰色水资源多目标规划模型等。

关键词：水资源规划灰色系统