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Building Resilience Through Disaster Waste Management——un environment's Experiences and Approaches

工程科学与技术 2018年第3期50卷 15-23页

作者： PRADHAN Mahesh XU Qing International environmental Technology Centre United Nations Environment Programme Sichuan Academy of environmental Sciences

Integrating disaster waste issue is a critical component of making humanitarian action fit for the future,anticipating global risks and challenges such as increased vulnerability due to climate change and environmental *** requires a fundamental shift towards a model that not only strengthens the response to crises but also learns and adapts in order to anticipate and act before such waste *** article conducted analyses on the characteristics of disasters in the past two *** confound disaster waste management,including the timing and magnitude of each disaster,and the amounts and types of waste that will be *** these reasons alone,disaster waste management must be an integral part of development planning and *** 10 years since the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake,this article highlights that disaster waste management is not only debris clearance or waste management following a disaster,but also includes prevention and pre-disaster preparedness aspects in terms of enhancing resilience of local ***"mainstreaming,"ensures that disaster waste management(DWM)will be treated as a priority issue,on an ongoing *** on un environment's experiences and approaches,this paper emphasises that preparedness is the key,and that priority should be accorded to integrating disaster contingency planning in national and city level waste management strategies as well as mainstreaming waste management issues within broader disaster preparedness and response plans and *** is envisaged that the issues presented and the gaps identified in this paper will provide a basis for future comprehensive and cohesive research on disaster waste *** turn,this research can lead to better preparedness and response on disaster waste management.

关键词： disaster waste disaster risk reduction waste management Sendai Framework

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Comparative Study on Changes of Croplands Between North Korea and South Korea During 1990–2015

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Chinese Geographical Science 2018年第6期28卷 920-934页

作者： YU Hao ZHANG Bai WANG Zongming Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and environment Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Changch un 130102 China university of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

Studies on long-term change of cropland is of great significance to the utilization of land resources and the implementation of scientific agricultural policies. The Korean Peninsula, adjacent to China, plays an important role in the international environment of Northeast Asia. The Korean Peninsula includes South Korea and North Korea—two countries that have a great difference in their institutions and economic developments. Therefore, we aim to quantify the spatiotemporal changes of croplands in these two countries using Landsat Thematic Imager(TM) and Operational Land Imager(OLI) imagery, and to compare the differences of cropland changes between the two countries. This paper take full advantage of ODM approach(object-oriented segmentation and decision-tree classification based on multi-season imageries) to obtain the distribution of croplands in 1990 and 2015. Results showed that the overall classification accuracy of cropland data is 91.10% in 1990 and 92.52% in 2015. The croplands were mainly distributed in areas with slopes that were less than 8° and with elevations that were less than 300 m in the Korean Peninsula. However, in other region(slope > 8° or elevation > 300 m), the area and proportion of North Korea's croplands were significantly higher than that of South Korea. Croplands significantly increased by 15.02% in North Korea from 1990 to 2015. In contrast, croplands in South Korea slightly decreased by 1.32%. During the 25 years, policy shift, economic development, population growth, and urban sprawl played primary roles for cropland changes. Additionally, the regional differences of cropland changes were mainly due to different agriculture policies implemented by different countries. The achievements of this study can provide scientific guidance for the protection and sustainability of land resources.

关键词： Landsat object-oriented segmentation decision tree cropland North Korea South Korea

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Effect of plastic deformation on microstructure and hardness of AlSi/Al gradient composites

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 2007年第6期17卷 1186-1193页

作者：张卫文罗宗强夏伟李元元 School of Mechanical Engineering South China Un iversity of Technology

The effects of plastic deformation on the evolution of microstructure and micro-hardness were studied on plates made from a cylindrical ingot of AlSi/Al aluminum composite. This ingot was produced by double-stream-pouring continuous casting(DSPCC). The results show that the three layers, i.e. the external pure aluminum, internal Al-Si alloy and the transition gradient layer, are maintained after compression as well as rolling processing. With the decrease in thickness of the gradient composite plate, the fluctuation of micro-hardness in transition layer in the direction normal to the applied force is significantly reduced. A simplified lamination model was used to evaluate qualitatively the micro-hardness distribution in the direction parallel to the applied force. However, the model is invalid in the explanation of the fluctuation of the micro-hardness in the direction normal to the applied force. The micro-hardness distribution variation in this direction is mainly attributed to the deformation of α(Al) matrix incorporated the dissolution and spheroidization of eutectic silicon phase.

关键词：连续铸造塑性变形 AlSi复合物微观结构

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Research on Performance of ZnS∶TbF_3 Thin Film Electroluminescence Device

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Journal of Rare Earths 2003年第1期21卷 19-22页

作者：何大伟杨胜关亚菲权善玉王永生叙瑢 Institute of Optoelectronic Technology Northern Jiaotong un iversity

The electroluminescence of ZnS doped with terbium fluoride thin films prepared b y ra dio frequency magnetron sputtering method was reported. The characteristics of t h e ZnS∶TbF 3 thin film electroluminescence devices, such as film characteristi cs of the ZnS∶Tb active layer, substrate temperatures during magnetron sputteri ng and Tb concentration of the active layer, were systematically investigated. The results show that annealing can evidently improve the luminescence performance of the luminescence device.

关键词： luminescence rf magnetron sputtering elect ron-beam evaporation electroluminescence rare earths

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Forming process of cross-connected finned micro-grooves in copper strips

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 2007年第2期17卷 267-272页

作者：池勇汤勇陈锦昌邓学雄刘林万珍平刘晓晴 College of Mechanical Engineering South China Un iversity of Technology

Using ploughing-extrusion method, a cross-connected finned micro-grooves structure was formed on the surface of copper strips with thickness of 0.4 mm. The structure was fabricated by making ‘V’-grooves in copper strips and perpendicular ‘V’-grooves on the opposite side that intersect the first set of grooves. Micro pores appear at the intersection of these cross-connected grooves, and micro fins appear on the groove fringes. So it can be defined as ‘pore-groove-fin’ structure. The preferable ‘pore-groove-fin’ structure can be obtained under the condition that the tool edge inclination angle (χγ) is 45°, both the major extrusion angle (γo) and the minor extrusion angle (γ 0′ ) are 30°, both the major formation angle (β) and the minor formation angle (β′) are 10°, the ploughing-extrusion depth (fd) is 0.32 mm and the groove pitch is 0.4 mm on surfaces A and B. The formed included angle of groove A is 70°, and the groove depth is 0.3 mm, while the included angle of opposite perpendicular groove B is 20° with the groove depth of 0.35 mm. The obtained fin height is 0.15 mm, the elliptical pore length is 0.2 mm and the width is 0.05 mm. Experiments show that fd has the greatest influence on the formation of micro pores. Bulges appear on the opposite surface B when the ploughing-extrusion depth on surface A (fdA) reaches a critical value. The ploughing-extrusion depth on surface B (fdB) has great influence on the re-growth of fin structure.

关键词：铜带有翅交连微沟结构成型过程开槽-挤压

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CHINA AND THE un AT 50

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Beijing Review 2021年第44期64卷 16-17页

作者： Siddharth Chatterjee the un in China

China was one of the architects of the *** country was the first signatory of the un Charter in San Francisco in *** it was only in October 1971,with the Chinese delegation led by then Vice Foreign Minister Qiao Guanhua.

关键词： delegation signa Minister

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Effect of heat treatment on microstructure and properties of hot-extruded nickel-aluminum bronze

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 2007年第6期17卷 1254-1258页

作者：陈瑞萍梁泽钦张卫文张大童罗宗强李元元 School of Mechanical Engineering South China Un iversity of Technology

The effect of heat treatment on the microstructure and properties of a hot-extruded nickel-aluminum bronze was investigated. Experimental materials were heat treated through different processes, including quenching, normalizing, aging and annealing, and their microstructure, corrosion resistance and mechanical properties were characterized. It is found that quenching causes all β phase transformed into β′ phase, however, normalizing causes β phase transformed into β′, α and κ phases. When the quenched sample is aged, fine к phase is precipitated from the as-quenched microstructure of β′ phase. Annealing causes the transformation of β′ into α and к phases. The results of mechanical property tests show that quenching, normalizing and aging improve the tensile strength and hardness of the experimental material, with a corresponding fall in elongation. Annealing raises the elongation but reduces the tensile strength and hardness. Furthermore, corrosion resistance of nickel-aluminum bronze ranks from worse to better in the following order: aged, quenched, normalized, hot-extruded and annealed. However, with the exposure time of corrosion test increasing, the difference of average corrosion rate between those nickel-aluminum bronzes turns small.

关键词：镍铝铜合金热处理微观结构机械性质抗腐蚀性

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un 70^(th) Anniversary and China's Participation

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International understanding 2015年第4期 49-53页

作者： Zhang Yi Ma Jiatai the un Association of China

Ⅰ.Significance and Historical Role of un70 years ago,the establishment of the united Nations(un)was officially *** known to all,un was built on the ruins after World War Ⅱ and it was the result of the victory of the... 详细信息

关键词： governmental Peace participation affairs cooperation delegation granted legal civil institutions

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un-HABITAT:For a Better Urban Future(Ⅱ)

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China City Planning Review 2013年第1期22卷 34-35页

作者： Joan Clos the united Nations un-HABITAT

As I mentioned in my statement at the firstInternational Symposium on Sciences of Human Settlements held by Tsinghua university in2011,the 21st century marks the beginning of a new urban era in which half of humanity are residing in towns and *** is projected that by 2030 this figure willrise to *** live at a time of unprecedented,rapid,and irreversible ***,cities have become the predominant habitat of human settlements.

关键词： un-HABITAT In must

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According to plan?Disaster risk knowledge and organizational responses to heat wave risk in London,UK

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Ecosystem Health and Sustainability 2015年第3期1卷 13-21页

作者： Thomas Abeling united Nations university Institute for Environment and Human Security/King's College LondonUN CampusPlatz.der Vereinten Nationen 153113 BonnGermany

This paper explores how disaster risk knowledge shapes local heat wave risk management in London,*** focus is on the implementation of the UK National Heatwave Plan through public sector organizations in *** evidence stems from 49 semi-structured,expert interviews with risk managers from local authorities,and health and social care organizations in *** suggest that the National Heatwave Plan is an important source of disaster risk knowledge,but that it has not been successful in steering sustainable change in the way that heat risk is planned for at the local *** plan is perceived locally as a public health strategy focused on emergency *** reinforces local heat wave planning approaches that are enacted through public health and that prioritize short-term response actions,rather than long-term preventive *** paper argues that the provision of disaster risk knowledge can undermine paradigm shifts in local risk planning if it constrains consideration of alternatives to existing risk management approaches.

关键词： climate change disaster heat wave knowledge organization risk management

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