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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第8期20卷 2302-2303页

作者： Asma Boulksibat Alessandra Tempio Barbara Bardoni Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire CNRS UMR7275Inserm U1323ValbonneFrance

The second messengers 3',5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate(cAMP)and 3',5'-cyclic guanosine monophosphate(cGMP)modulate molecular pathways that are involved in a large variety of cellular *** the brain,these processes include neurogenesis,neuronal differentiation,activation and function of microglia,and synaptic plasticity,finally resulting in memory formation.

关键词： formation processes finally

Morphology-based classifcation of the fying capacities of aquatic insects: A frst attempt

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Current Zoology 2024年第5期70卷 607-617页

作者： Rémi Gerber Christophe Piscart Jean-Marc Roussel Benjamin Bergerot University of Rennes CNRSECOBIO UMR 6553F-35042 RennesFrance DECOD(Ecosystem Dynamics and Sustainability) INRAEInstitut AgroIFREMERRennesFrance

Flight is a key feature of the reproduction and dispersal of emerging aquatic ***,morphological measurements of insect fight are mostly available for terrestrial taxa and dragonfies,while aquatic insects have been poorly *** analyzed 7 fight-related morphological parameters of 32 taxa belonging to 5 orders of emerging aquatic insects(Ephemeroptera,Trichoptera,Plecoptera,Diptera,and Megaloptera)with different life history traits related to fight(dispersal strategy,voltinism,adult lifespan,and swarming behavior).After correcting for allometry,we used an a priori-free approach to cluster the individuals according to their fight-related ***,we explored the levels of agreement between these clusters,taxonomy,and several life history traits of the *** orders were scattered among several clusters,suggesting a large range of fight capacities,particularly for *** found swarming taxa in each cluster,showing that morphological adaptations to swarming are not identical in all aquatic *** clusters did not match the expected dispersal capacity of the taxa as derived from the literature or *** wide-winged insects notably gathered taxa traditionally described as good or weak *** capacities based on morphology partly matched with the taxonomy and life-history traits of aquatic insect *** parameters such as fight propensity,energy stores,and wing kinematics should help refne their fying and dispersal capacity.

关键词： allometry dispersal fight freshwater wing

Landscape effects on the thermotolerance of carabid beetles and the role of behavioral thermoregulation

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Insect Science 2023年第1期30卷 251-263页

作者： Luck Alford Sacha Roudine Jean-Sébastien Pierre Francoise Burel Joan van Baaren umr 6553 ecobio Universitede Rennes 1Rennes CedexFrance School of Biological Sciences Universityof BristolBristolUK

Physiological thermotolerance and behavioral thermoregulation are central to seasonal cold adaptation in ectothermic *** species with enhanced mobility,behavioral responses may be of greater importance in the cold stress *** the carabid beetles as a study organism,the current study compared physiological thermotolerance and behavioral thermoregulation in carabid species inhabiting cereal fields in different landscape contexts,from fine grain heterogeneous“complex”landscapes to homogenous“simple”*** thermotolerance was determined via measurement of the CTmin and chill coma *** responses to cold temperature exposure were determined employing a purpose built arena,and thoracic temperature measured to estimate the efficacy of the behavior as a form of behavioral *** revealed an influence of landscape composition on the cold tolerance of carabid beetles,although species differed in their sensitivity to landscape intensification.A reduced effect of landscape on the thermotolerance of larger carabid beetles was observed,thought to be the consequence of greater mobility preventing local acclimation to microclimatic variation along the landscape intensification *** into behavioral thermoregulation of the 3 largest species revealed burrowing behavior to be the main behavioral response to cold stress,acting to significantly raise carabid body *** finding highlights the importance of behavioral thermoregulation as a strategy to evade cold *** use of behavioral thermoregulation may negate the need to invest in physiological thermotolerance,further offering explanation for the lack of landscape effect on the physiological thermotolerance of larger carabids.

关键词： agroecosystems local adaptation physiological thermal tolerance plasticity winter resistance

When parasitoids deal with the spatial distribution of their hosts: consequences for both partners

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Insect Science 2019年第5期26卷 923-931页

作者： Philippe Louapre Cecile Le Lann Thierry Hance Earth and Life Institue Universite Catholique de LouvainLouvain-la-NeuveBelgium cnrs Biogeosciences UMR 6282Universite Bourgogne Franche-ComteDijonFrance umr cnrs 6553 ecobio University of Rennes 1Rennes CedexFrance

Insect parasitoids developing inside hosts face a true challenge: hosts are scattered in the field and their localization and selection require the use of complex and sometime confusing information. It was assumed for a long time that small-brained organisms like parasitoids have evolved simple and efficient behavioral mechanisms, leading them to be adapted to a given ecological situation, for example, the spatial distribution o f hosts in the habitat. However, hosts are not static and their distribution may also vary through generations and within the life of parasitoid individuals. We investigated if and how parasitoids deal with such a spatial com plexity in a m esocosm experiment. We used the Aphidius rhopalosiphi/Sitobion avenae parasitoid/host system to investigate if parasitoid females experiencing different host aggregation levels exhibit different foraging behaviors independently of the number of hosts in the environment. We showed that A. rhopalosiphi females exploited hosts more intensively both within and among patches at higher host aggregation levels. We discussed the adaptiveness of such behaviors in the light of evolution and biological control.

关键词： Aphidius rhopalosiphi foraging behavior parasitoid sequential adjustment Sitobion avenae spatial distribution

Soil properties, grassland management, and landscape diversity drive the assembly of earthworm communities in temperate grasslands

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Pedosphere 2021年第3期31卷 375-383页

作者： Kevin HOEFFNER Mathieu SANTONJA CécileMONARD Lou BARBE Mathilde LEMOING Daniel CLUZEAU University of Rennes CNRSECOBIO UMR 6553Rennes F-35000France INRAE AGROCAMPUS OUEST UMR SASRennes F-35000France Aix Marseille Université Avignon UniversitéCNRSIRDIMBEMarseille F-13397France

Earthworms are widespread soil organisms that contribute to a wide range of ecosystem *** such,it is important to improve our knowledge,still scanty,of the factors that drive the assembly of earthworm *** aim of the present study was to conjointly evaluate the effects on the assembly of earthworm communities of i)soil properties(texture,organic matter content,and pH),ii)grassland management(grassland age,livestock unit,and type of fertilization),iii)landscape diversity(richness,diversity of surrounding habitats,and grassland plant diversity),and iv)presence of *** study was conducted in temperate grasslands of Brittany,*** were sampled in 24 grasslands and,in three of these grasslands,they were sampled near a hedgerow or near a ditch(control without a hedgerow).Soil properties explained the larger portion of the variation in the earthworm community parameters compared to grassland management or landscape *** increase in soil organic matter content and pH were the most favorable factors for earthworm abundance and biomass,in particular for endogeic *** grassland management,the increase in the livestock unit was the most damaging factor for earthworm communities,in particular for the anecic earthworm biomass and endogeic species ***,landscape diversity negatively affected the total earthworm abundance and epigeic earthworm biomass,but it was related to an increase in the epi-anecic *** a finer scale,we also demonstrated that the presence of hedgerows surrounding grasslands enhanced earthworm species richness,especially within the epigeic and anecic ecological *** study highlights that the earthworm ecological categories respond specifically to environmental filters;further studies need to be conducted to elucidate the factors that drive the assembly of earthworm communities at this ecological category *** recommend that policymakers should act on landscape man

关键词： ecological categoryfield marginhedgerowlivestock unitsoil organic mattersoil PHtrampling

MARIE:One-Stage Object Detection Mechanism for Real-Time Identifying of Firearms

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2025年第1期142卷 279-298页

作者： Diana Abi-Nader Hassan Harb Ali Jaber Ali Mansour Christophe Osswald Nour Mostafa Chamseddine Zaki Computer Science Department Faculty of SciencesLebanese UniversityBeirut146404Lebanon College of Engineering and Technology American University of the Middle EastEgaila54200Kuwait Lab-STICC CNRS UMR 6285ENSTA-BretagneBrest29200France

Security and safety remain paramount concerns for both governments and individuals *** today’s context,the frequency of crimes and terrorist attacks is alarmingly increasing,becoming increasingly intolerable to ***,there is a pressing need for swift identification of potential threats to preemptively alert law enforcement and security forces,thereby preventing potential attacks or violent *** advancements in big data analytics and deep learning have significantly enhanced the capabilities of computer vision in object detection,particularly in identifying *** paper introduces a novel automatic firearm detection surveillance system,utilizing a one-stage detection approach named MARIE(Mechanism for Realtime Identification of Firearms).MARIE incorporates the Single Shot Multibox Detector(SSD)model,which has been specifically optimized to balance the speed-accuracy trade-off critical in firearm detection *** SSD model was further refined by integrating MobileNetV2 and InceptionV2 architectures for superior feature extraction *** experimental results demonstrate that this modified SSD configuration provides highly satisfactory performance,surpassing existing methods trained on the same dataset in terms of the critical speedaccuracy *** these innovations,MARIE sets a new standard in surveillance technology,offering a robust solution to enhance public safety effectively.

关键词： Firearm and gun detection single shot multi-box detector deep learning one-stage detector MobileNet inception convolutional neural network

Response of C and N cycles to N fertilization in Sphagnum and Molinia-dominated peat mesocosms

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2019年第3期31卷 264-272页

作者： Fabien Leroy Sébastien Gogo Christophe Guimbaud André-Jean Francez Renata Zocatelli Christian Défarge Léonard Bernard-Jannin Zhen Hu Fatima Laggoun-Défarge University of Orleans ISTO cnrs ISTO BRGM ISTO University of Orleans LPC2E cnrs LPC2E umr cnrs 6553 ecobio University of Rennes 1 University of Orleans Cellule R&D CETRAHE School of Environmental Science and Engineering Shandong University

Plant communities play an important role in the C-sink function of peatlands. However,global change and local perturbations are expected to modify peatland plant communities,leading to a shift from Sphagnum mosses to vascular plants. Most studies have focused on the direct effects of modification in plant communities or of global change(such as climate warming, N fertilization) in peatlands without considering interactions between these disturbances that may alter peatlands' C function. We set up a mesocosm experiment to investigate how Greenhouse Gas(CO_2, CH_4, N_2O) fluxes, and dissolved organic carbon(DOC)and total dissolved N(TN) contents are affected by a shift from Sphagnum mosses to Molinia caerulea dominated peatlands combined with N fertilization. Increasing N deposition did not alter the C fluxes(CO_2 exchanges, CH_4 emissions) or DOC content. The lack of N effect on the C cycle seems due to the capacity of Sphagnum to efficiently immobilize N. Nevertheless, N supply increased the N_2O emissions, which were also controlled by the plant communities with the presence of Molinia caerulea reducing N_2O emissions in the Sphagnum mesocosms. Our study highlights the role of the vegetation composition on the C and N fluxes in peatlands and their responses to the N deposition. Future research should now consider the climate change in interaction to plants community modifications due to their controls of peatland sensitivity to environmental conditions.

关键词： CO2 and CH4 N2O Peatland Plant community composition Sphagnum moss Graminoid

Effects of fluctuating thermal regimes on cold survival and life history traits of the spotted wing Drosophila(Drosophila suzukii)

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Insect Science 2020年第2期27卷 317-335页

作者： Thomas Enriquez David Ruel Maryvonne Charrier Herve Colinet cnrs ECOBIO-UMR 6553Universite de RennesRennesFrance Department of Entomology The Robert H.Smith Faculty of AgricultureFood and EnvironmentThe Hebrew University of JerusalemPO 12Rchovot 76100Isael

Drosophila suzukii is an invasive pest causing severe damages to a large panel of cultivated *** facili tate its biocontrol with stratcgies such as sterile or incompatible insect techniques,*** must be mass-produced and then stored and transported under low *** cold exposure induces chill injuries that can be mitigated if the cold period is interrupted with short warming intervals,referred to as fluctuating thermal regimes(FTR).In this study,we tested how to optimally use FTR to extend the shelf life of *** under cold *** FTR parameters were asessed:temperature(15,20,25℃),duration(0.5,1,2,3 h),and frequency(every 12,24,36,48 h)of warming intervals,in two wild-type lines and in two developmental stages(pupac and adults).Generally,FTR improved cold storage tolerance with respect to constant low temperatures(CLT).Cold mortality was lower when recovery temperature was 20℃ or higher,when duration was 2 h per day or longer,and when warming interruptions occurred frequently(every 12 or 24 h).Applying an optimized FTR protocol to adults greatly reduced cold mortality over long-term storage(up to 130 d).Consequences of FTR on fitness-related traits were also *** adults,poststorage survival was unaffected by FTR,as was the case for female fecundity and male mating *** the other hand,when cold storage occurred at pupal stage,postorage survival and male mating capacity were altered under CLT,but not under *** storage of pupae,female fecundity was lower under FTR compared to CLT,suggesting an energy trade-off between repair of chill damages and C22 *** study provides detailed information on the application and optimization of an FTR-based protocol for cold storage of *** that could be useful for the biocontrol of this pest.

关键词： cold storage fluctuating thermal regines lfe-history traits recovery sotted wing drosophila

Evolution of germination strategy in the invasive species Ulex europaeus

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2017年第2期10卷 375-385页

作者： Nathalie Udo Michèle Tarayre Anne Atlan Laboratoire ecobio UMR 6553CNRSUniversitéde Rennes 1Bâtiment 14ACampus de Beaulieu263 avenue du Général Leclerc35042 Rennes CedexFrance

Aims The study of the adaptive potential of the germination patterns of invading species enables us to identify some traits linked with their capacity to colonize new sites,and to gain a better understanding of their area of *** aim of this study is to determine the germination pattern of Ulex europaeus,a cosmopolitan invasive species,in relation to temperature and to explore its potential evolu-tion and invasiveness in a tropical region,following its introduction from *** We studied the germination pattern of ***(the com-mon gorse)to test both physical dormancy and germination capacity within the range of temperatures found in the native and invasive *** understand its germination pattern and its evolution,the rate and the speed of germination,as well as the percentage of seeds that became mouldy during the experi-ment,have been compared between a native habitat,France and a habitat into which it has been introduced,the tropical island of La *** Findings The results show that gorse seeds germinate in large quantities,pos-sess the ability to germinate under a wide range of temperatures and they confirm the physical dormancy of the seeds(caused by seed coat impermeability).The decrease in germination from 25℃ upwards,coupled with an increase in the rate of moulding help to explain its restricted distribution at altitude in tropical *** scari-fied seeds,we have not detected any difference between the two regions,neither in the percentage of germinated seeds,nor in the per-centage of mouldy ***,seeds from Reunion germinate faster at 20℃ than seeds from France and a greater number of seeds from Reunion are able to germinate without scarification(10-60%for Reunion versus 0-10%for France).These results suggest that while preserving the advantages of the native habitat,in Reunion gorse develops a strategy which favours the rapid occupation of new sites.

关键词： Ulex europaeus invasive species germination physical dormancy

Decrease of memory retention in a parasitic wasp： an effect of host manipulation by Wolbachia？

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Insect Science 2017年第4期24卷 569-583页

作者： Hossein Kishani Farahani Ahmad Ashouri Seyed Hossein Goldansaz Martin S. Shapiro Jean-Sebastien Pierre Joan van Baaren Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources Department of Plant Protection University of Tehran Karaj Iran Department of Psy- chology California State University Fresno USA umr-cnrs 6553 ecobio University of Rennes 1 Avenue du General Leclerc Campus de Beaulieu 35042 Rennes Cedex France

Several factors, such as cold exposure, aging, the number of experiences and viral infection, have been shown to affect learning ability in different organisms. Wol- bachia has been found worldwide as an arthropod parasite/mutualist symbiont in a wide range of species, including insects. Differing effects have been identified on physiology and behavior by Wolbachia. However, the effect of Wolbachia infection on the learning ability of their host had never previously been studied. The current study carried out to compare learning ability and memory duration in 2 strains of the parasitoid Trichogramma brassicae： 1 uninfected and I infected by Wolbachia. Both strains were able to associate the novel odors with the reward of an oviposition into a host egg. However, the percentage of females that responded to the experimental design and displayed an ability to learn in these conditions was higher in the uninfected strain. Memory duration was longer in uninfected wasps （23.8 and 21.4 h after conditioning with peppermint and lemon, respectively） than in infected wasps （18.9 and 16.2 h after conditioning with peppermint and lemon, respec- tively）. Memory retention increased in response to the number of conditioning sessions in both strains, but memory retention was always shorter in the infected wasps than in the uninfected ones. Wolbachia infection may select for reduced memory retention because shorter memory induces infected wasps to disperse in new environments and avoid compe- tition with uninfected wasps by forgetting cues related to previously visited environments, thus increasing transmission of Wolbachia in new environments.

关键词： associative learning memory duration spacing learning Trichgramma bras-sicae Wolbachia infection