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Effects of meteorological conditions and topography on the bioaccumulation of PAHs and metal elements by native lichen(Xanthoria parietina)

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2021年第11期33卷 193-205页

作者： Julien Dron Aude Ratier Annabelle Austruy Gautier Revenko Florence Chaspoul Emmanuel Wafo Institutécocitoyen pour la Connaissance des Pollutions Fos-sur-MerFrance Aix Marseille Université Avignon UniversitéCNRS UMR-7263IRD-237IMBEMarseilleFrance Aix Marseille Université INSERM U-1261SSAIRBAMCTMarseilleFrance Universitéde Lyon UniversitéLyon 1CNRS UMR-5558LBBEVilleurbanneFrance

The bioaccumulation of PAHs and metal elements in the indigenous lichens Xanthoria parietina was monitored during two years at a quarterly frequency,in 3 sites of contrasted anthropic *** impact of the meteorological factors(temperature,relative humidity,rainfall,wind speed)was first estimated through principal component analysis,and then by stepwise multilinear regressions to include wind *** pollutants levels reflected the proximity of atmospheric emissions,in particular from a large industrial *** humidity and mild temperatures,and in a lower extent low wind speed and rainfall,also favored higher concentration *** contributions of these meteorological aspects became minor when including wind direction,especially when approaching major emission *** bioaccumulation integration time towards meteorological variations was on a seasonal basis(1–2 months)but the wind direction and thus local emissions also relied on a longer time scale(12 months).This showed that the contribution of meteorological conditions may be prevalent in remote places,while secondary in polluted areas,and should be definitely taken into account regarding long-term lichen biomonitoring and inter-annual *** the same time,a quadruple sampling in each site revealed a high homogeneity among supporting tree species and *** resulting uncertainty,including sampling,preparation and analysis was below 30%when comfortable analytical conditions were ***,the occurrence of unexpected events such as a major forest fire,permitted to evaluate that this type of short,although intense,events did not have a strong influence on PAH and metals bioaccumulation by lichen.

关键词： Indigenous lichen Biomonitoring Climate Seasonal impacts Sampling uncertainties Integration time

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Response of life-history traits to artificial and natural selection for virulence and nonvirulence in a Drosophila parastitoid, Asobara tabida

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Insect Science 2018年第2期25卷 317-327页

作者： Joffrey Moiroux Joan van Baaren Mathilde Poyet Aude Couty Patrice Eslin Genevieve Prevost Jeremy Sguin Vincent Le Roux FRE 3498 EDYSAN CNRS-Universite de Picardie Jules Verne 33 rue St Leu Amiens Cedex France umr 6553 ECOBIO CNRS- Universite Rennes 1 Campus de Beaulieu avenue du G~n~ral Leclerc Rennes Cedex France umr 7263 imbe AMU - CNRS - IRD - UAPV Universite d＇Avignon et des Pays de Vaucluse 301 rue Baruch de Spinoza 84916 Avignon Cedex 09 Franc

Co-evolution of host-parasitoid interactions is determined by the costs of host resistance, which received empirical evidence, and the costs ofparasitoid virulence, which have been mostly hypothesized. Asobara tabida is a parasitoid, which mainly parasitizes Drosophila melanogaster and D. subobscura, the first species being able to resist to the parasitoid development while the second species is not. To parasitize resistant hosts, including D. melanogaster, A. tabida develops sticky eggs, which prevent encapsulation, but this virulence mechanism may be costly. Interindividual and interpopulation variation in the proportion of sticky eggs respectively allowed us to （i） artificially select and compare life-history traits of a virulent and a nonvirulent laboratory strain, and （ii） compare a virulent and a nonvirulent field strain, to investigate the hypothetical costs of virulence. We observed strong differences between the 2 laboratory strains. The nonvirulent strain invested fewer resources in reproduction and walked less than the virulent one but lived longer. Concerning the field strains, we observed that the nonvirulent strain had larger wings while the virulent one walked more and faster. All together, our results suggest that virulence may not always be costly, but rather that different life histories associated with different levels of virulence may coexist at both intra- and interDoDulation levels.

关键词： encapsulation geographic variation host resistance trade-offs

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Soil properties, grassland management, and landscape diversity drive the assembly of earthworm communities in temperate grasslands

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Pedosphere 2021年第3期31卷 375-383页

作者： Kevin HOEFFNER Mathieu SANTONJA CécileMONARD Lou BARBE Mathilde LEMOING Daniel CLUZEAU University of Rennes CNRSECOBIO UMR 6553Rennes F-35000France INRAE AGROCAMPUS OUEST UMR SASRennes F-35000France Aix Marseille Université Avignon UniversitéCNRSIRDIMBEMarseille F-13397France

Earthworms are widespread soil organisms that contribute to a wide range of ecosystem *** such,it is important to improve our knowledge,still scanty,of the factors that drive the assembly of earthworm *** aim of the present study was to conjointly evaluate the effects on the assembly of earthworm communities of i)soil properties(texture,organic matter content,and pH),ii)grassland management(grassland age,livestock unit,and type of fertilization),iii)landscape diversity(richness,diversity of surrounding habitats,and grassland plant diversity),and iv)presence of *** study was conducted in temperate grasslands of Brittany,*** were sampled in 24 grasslands and,in three of these grasslands,they were sampled near a hedgerow or near a ditch(control without a hedgerow).Soil properties explained the larger portion of the variation in the earthworm community parameters compared to grassland management or landscape *** increase in soil organic matter content and pH were the most favorable factors for earthworm abundance and biomass,in particular for endogeic *** grassland management,the increase in the livestock unit was the most damaging factor for earthworm communities,in particular for the anecic earthworm biomass and endogeic species ***,landscape diversity negatively affected the total earthworm abundance and epigeic earthworm biomass,but it was related to an increase in the epi-anecic *** a finer scale,we also demonstrated that the presence of hedgerows surrounding grasslands enhanced earthworm species richness,especially within the epigeic and anecic ecological *** study highlights that the earthworm ecological categories respond specifically to environmental filters;further studies need to be conducted to elucidate the factors that drive the assembly of earthworm communities at this ecological category *** recommend that policymakers should act on landscape man

关键词： ecological categoryfield marginhedgerowlivestock unitsoil organic mattersoil PHtrampling

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Comparative Study of the Effects of Thermal and Photochemical Accelerated Oxidations on Quality of “Green Type” and “Black Type” French Olive Oils

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2016年第12期7卷 890-907页

作者： Jérôme Plard Yveline Le Dréau Catherine Rébufa Nathalie Dupuy Aix Marseille Université CNRS IRD Avignon Universit&eacute IMBE UMR 7263 &eacute quipe BEC case 451 Avenue Escadrille Normandie Ni&eacute men 13397 Marseille cedex 20 France

Oxidative stability of two commercial olive oils of different specificity (green type and black type) has been studied during thermal and photochemical accelerated processes through the evolution of quality indices. It might help to assure a good utilisation of olive oil. In most of works described in literature, they are measured individually. In this study, a Principal Component Analysis (PCA) has been performed to emphasize their variation and describe in concise way the quality and the safety of extra-virgin olive oil after two oxidative stresses. No difference had been detected between both type oils when they are heated. Peroxides, aldehydes and conjugated dienes and trienes were formed but rapidly degraded into final oxidation compounds, mainly acid compounds. During the photochemical process, similar changes occurred slower and the green type oil had shown better stability because of its higher phenolic content. The fatty acids had been more impacted (higher disappearance of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA)) when the oils were heated than when irradiated. Saturated fatty acids (SFA), MUFA and PUFA were the most relevant indicators to characterize non-oxidized oils and PV characterized the early stage of oil oxidation.

关键词： Olive Oil Photo-Oxidation Thermal Oxidation Quality Control Parameters Fatty Acids Phenolic Compounds

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Wild grapevine(Vitis vinifera ***)in the Hyrcanian relict forests of northern Iran:an overview of current taxonomy,ecology and palaeorecords

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Journal of Forestry Research 2018年第6期29卷 1757-1768页

作者： Alireza Naqinezhad Elias Ramezani Morteza Djamali Annik Schnitzler Claire Arnold Department of Biology Faculty of Basic SciencesUniversity of MazandaranBabolsarMazandaranIran Department of Forestry Faculty of Natural ResourcesUrmia UniversityUrmiaIran Institut Mediterraneen de Biodiversite et d’Ecologie(imbe UMR 7263CNRS-Aix Marseille Universite-IRD-Universite d’Avignon)Europole mediterraneen de l'Arboisbatiment VilleminBP8013545 Aix-En-Provence Cedex 04France Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Environnements Continentaux LIEC-umr 7360 CNRSUniversity of LorraineMetzFrance University of Lausanne Unicentre1015 LausanneSwitzerland

Due to severe anthropogenic impacts on lowland and submontane zones of the Hyrcanian forests of northern Iran, wild grapevine(Vitis vinifera subsp. sylvestris), a sporadically distributed woody liana, is currently considered an endangered species. Using data from the literature and 34 studied populations, herbarium assessments and nine palynological sites, we provide an overview of its taxonomy,distribution and ecology in the first part of the *** separation of the two subspecies, namely V. sylvestris subsp. anebophylla and V. sylvestris subsp. trichophylla(sensu Flora Iranica), based on their leaf indumentums, could not be confirmed by our examination of herbarium materials and field observations. Indumentum of the leaves is a result of leaf polymorphism in different Vitis specimens and can be strongly influenced by environmental conditions. Vitis vinifera subsp. sylvestris grows in a wide range of habitats including wetlands, seasonal stream sides in closed forests,alluvial beds of large rivers, sand dune shrublands and forested wetlands(alder forests). Parrotia persica and Carpinus betulus were the most frequent host species in the studied populations. In the Hyrcanian region, no pollen record of Vitis older than the Mid-or Late-Holocene has yet been established. Despite the intrinsic problem in pollen identification by normal(i.e., light) microscopy of wild from cultivated grapevines, the significant values and persistent occurrence of Vitis pollen since the Mid-Holocene(before the Bronze Age) in the Hyrcanian pollen records may imply the onset of viticulture in low-to mid-elevation sites in the region. This represents an argument to consider the Hyrcanian region as a possible domestication center for V. ***, the question of wild versus cultivated origin of grapevines in the Hyrcanian pollen records and the possible date of its domestication and/or cultivation will remain open until further palynological studies are undertaken.

关键词： Domestication Grapevine Hyrcanian forests Pollen Vitis

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Decline of semen quality among 10 932 males consulting for couple infertility over a 20-year period in Marseille, France

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2012年第4期14卷 584-590页

作者： Cendrine Geoffroy-Siraudin Anderson Dieudone Loundou Fanny Romain Vincent Achard Blandine Courbibre Marie-He1ene Perrard Philippe Durand Marie-Roberte Guichaoua Reproduction Biology Laboratory Conception Hospital AP-HM Marseille 13005 France Aix-Marseille University UMR CNRS IMBE 7263 Faculty of medicine of Marseille Marseille 13005 France Department of medical information Conception Hospital AP-HM Marseille 147 Bd Baille Marseille 13005 France Health Laboratory Faculty of Medicine of Marseille Marseille 13005 France Centre of Assisted Reproductive Technique (CPMA) Conception Hospital AP-HM Marseille 13005 France Functional Genomic Institute of Lyon CNRS INRA ENS of Lyon Lyon 69007 France

Semen from 10 932 male partners of infertile couples was analysed and sperm parameter trends were evaluated at the Reproduction Biology Laboratory of the University Hospital of Marseille （France） between 1988 and 2007. After 3-6 days of abstinence, semen samples were collected. Measurements of seminal fluid volume, pH, sperm concentration, total sperm count, motility and detailed morphology of spermatozoa were performed. Sperm parameters were analysed on the entire population and in men with normal total numeration （〉~ 40 million per ejaculate）. The whole population demonstrated declining trends in sperm concentration （1.5% per year）, total sperm count （1.6% per year）, total motility （0.4% per year）, rapid motility （5.5% per year） and normal morphology （2.2% per year）. In the group of selected samples with total normal sperm count, the same trends of sperm quality deterioration with time were observed. Our results clearly indicate that the auality of semen decreased in this population over the study period.

关键词： environment male infertility regional differences semen quality sperm parameters

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Efficacy of a Biorevitalizing-Filler Solution on All Skin Aspects: 10 Years Approach through <i>in Vitro</i>Studies and Clinical Trials

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Journal of Cosmetics, Dermatological Sciences and Applications 2021年第1期11卷 18-37页

作者： Sophie Robin Férial Fanian Carol Courderot-Masuyer Michel Tordjman Frederic Braccini Sylvie Boisnic Valérie Philippon Anne Grand Vincent Catherine Salomon Michel Manfait Philippe Humbert Philippe Piccerelle Bioexigence SAS Besan&#231 on France Laboratoires Fill-Med Paris France Aesthetic Doctor Paris France Aesthetic Surgeon Nice France Gredeco SARL Paris France Laboratoires Multaler Argenteuil France Reims University Pharmaceutical Faculty Reims France University of Bourgogne-Franche Comté Besan&#231 on France imbe UMR CNRS 7263 IRD 237 University of Aix-Marseille Pharmaceutical Faculty Marseille France

Introduction: Skin aging is the result of many cellular dysfunctions over time particularly the fibroblasts and the keratinocytes. These dysfunctions could be decelerated by the preventive effects of some skin treatments such as Intradermal injections. NCTF 135HA has a polycomponent formulation designed to improve the efficacy of non-cross linked hyaluronic acid (as a micro-filler) on fibroblasts function. Although NCTF 135HA has been used by aesthetic practitioners since 20 years, we have analyzed all in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo studies during past 10 years in order to summarized its anti-aging effect. Methods: In these series of studies, the known effects of HA have been evaluated with this boosted formula. Collagen I synthesis, antiglycation effect and contractile forces developed by fibroblasts were studied. Fibroblasts and keratinocytes proliferations were evaluated in monolayer cells culture. The filling effect thanks to NCTF 135HA injection was ex vivo performed by fringe projection and the protective effect of NCTF 135HA against solar irradiation was performed ex vivo to study proliferation rate, elastin and collagen expression. Two clinical trials were performed on women to evaluate the anti-aging effect of NCTF 135HA injection. Hydration, firmness, radiance, wrinkles size, pore size, thickness and density of the dermis were analyzed. Results: Collagen I, anti-AGE products, cell proliferation and contractile forces were significantly increased with NCTF 135HA in culture medium. Ex vivo studies showed that NCTF 135HA increased, cells proliferation rate, elastin and collagen production. In addition, the filling effect of the NCTF 135HA is significantly superior to placebo. The first clinical trial shows that NCTF 135HA injection significantly increased tonicity, hydration and radiance of the skin and significantly decreased wrinkle score. The second clinical trial demonstrat

关键词： Mesotherapy Skin Rejuvenation NCTF 135HA® Hyaluronic Acid Skin Bio-revitalization Skin Booster

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Vegetation Composition and Structure of Some NeotropicaMountain Grasslands in Brazil

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Journal of Mountain Science 2015年第4期12卷 864-877页

作者： LE STRADIC Soizig BUISSON Elise FERNANDES G.Wilson Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech Université de Liège Biodiversité et paysage Passage des Déportés 2 5030 Gembloux Belgium Institut Méditerranéen de Biodiversité et d’Ecologie marine et continentale (imbe) Université d’Avignon et des Pays de Vaucluse UMR CNRS IRD Aix Marseille Université IUT site Agroparc BP 61207 F-84911 Avignon cedex 09 France Ecologia Evolutiva & Biodiversidade/Instituto de Ciências Biológicas Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais 30161-970 Belo Horizonte MG CP 486 Brazil Department of Biology Stanford University

The description and understanding of plant communities is fundamental for the implementation of conservation or restoration programs, especially when these communities are highly threatened and need to be *** rupestres, some Neotropical mountain grasslands located in central Brazil and part of the Cerrado biome(covering 2 million km2) host unique plant communities, currently threatened by quarrying and *** grassy matrix of campos rupestres, has long been considered a rich mosaic under the control of local topography and the nature of substrate, but this affirmation has not been well *** analyzed whether plant communities varied in relation to edaphic factors within the stony substrate and the sandy substrate of this grassy *** selected 5 sites where occur both grasslands on stony substrate and on sandy substrate, and we carried out vegetation surveys and soil *** counted 222 plant species within our communities, among which38.6% are exclusively found on campos *** results show that both soil-types are strongly acidic, nutrient poor and exhibit a seasonal *** increases and p H and organic carbon decrease during the dry *** soils areslightly richer in nutrients than sandy soils and differences in soil granulometry and composition have led to the formation of distinct plant *** species are confined to either one or the other grassland-type, which makes the plant composition of each community *** in edaphic factors generate heterogeneous grasslands favorable to a high plant *** programs and restoration actions have to maintain or recreate this *** presence of distinct plant communities implies that different strategies might be adopted to improve the restoration of these ecosystems.

关键词： Biodiversity Campos rupestres Herbaceous community Rupestrian grassland Edaphic factor Serra do Cipó

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Computer-assisted sperm morphometry fluorescence-based analysis has potential to determine progeny sex

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2016年第6期18卷 858-862页

作者： Pilar Santolaria Alfredo Pauciullo Miguel A Silvestre Sandra Vicente-Fiel Leyre Villanova Alain Pinton Juan Viruel Ester Sales Jesus L Yaniz TECNOGAM research group Environmental Sciences Institute (IUCA) Department of Animal Production and Food Sciences Higher Polytechnic School University of Zaragoza Ctra. Cuarte SIN 22071 Huesca Spain Department of Agriculture Forest and Food Sciences University of Torino Largo Paolo Braccini 2 10095 Grugliasco TO Italy Department of Functional Biology and Physical Anthropology University of Valencia 469100 Burjassot Valencia Spain umr 1388 INRA-ENVT INPT Animal Cytogenetis GenPhySE National veterinary school of Toulouse 23 Chemin des Capelles 31076 Toulouse Cedex 3 France Mediterranean Institute of marine and terrestrial Biodiversity and Ecology (imbe) University of Aix Marseille Chemin de la Batterie des Lions 13007 Marseille France TECNOGAM research group Environmental Sciences Institute (IUCA) Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences Higher Polytechnic School University of Zaragoza Ctra. Cuarte S/N 22071 Huesca Spain

This study was designed to determine the ability of computer-assisted sperm morphometry analysis （CASA-Morph） with fluorescence to discriminate between spermatozoa carrying different sex chromosomes from the nuclear morphometrics generated and different statistical procedures in the bovine species. The study was divided into two experiments. The first was to study the morphometric differences between X- and Y-chromosome-bearing spermatozoa （SX and SY, respectively）. Spermatozoa from eight bulls were processed to assess simultaneously the sex chromosome by FISH and sperm morphometry by fluorescence-based CASA-Morph. SX cells were larger than SY cells on average （P 〈 0.001） although with important differences between bulls. A simultaneous evaluation of all the measured features by discriminant analysis revealed that nuclear area and average fluorescence intensity were the variables selected by stepwise discriminant function analysis as the best discriminators between SX and SY. In the second experiment, the sperm nuclear morphometric results from CASA-Morph in nonsexed （mixed SX and SY） and sexed （SX） semen samples from four bulls were compared. FISH allowed a successful classification of spermatozoa according to their sex chromosome content. X-sexed spermatozoa displayed a larger size and fluorescence intensity than nonsexed spermatozoa （P 〈 0.05）. We conclude that the CASA-Morph fluorescence-based method has the potential to find differences between X- and Y-chromosome-bearing spermatozoa in bovine species although more studies are needed to increase the precision of sex determination by this technique.

关键词： bull computer-assisted sperm morphometry analysis sexing sperm morphometry

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