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synthetic biology in the uk-An outline of plans and progress

synthetic and Systems Biotechnology 2016年第4期1卷 243-257页

作者： L.J.Clarke R.I.Kitney uk synthetic biology leadership council UK Department of BioEngineering Imperial CollegeUK Faculty of Life Sciences University of ManchesterUK BionerG UK EPSRC National Centre for synthetic biology and Innovation UK Institute of Systems and synthetic biology UK BioMedical Systems Engineering Imperial CollegeUK BioMedical Systems EngineeringImperial CollegeUK

synthetic biology is capable of delivering new solutions to key challenges spanning the bioeconomy,both nationally and *** this significant potential and the associated need to facilitate its translation and commercialisation the uk government commissioned the production of a national synthetic biology Roadmap in 2011,and subsequently provided crucial support to assist its *** infrastructural investments have been made,and important strides made towards the development of an effectively connected community of practitioners and interest groups.A number of synthetic biology Research Centres,DNA Synthesis Foundries,a Centre for Doctoral Training,and an Innovation Knowledge Centre have been established,creating a nationally distributed and integrated network of complementary facilities and *** uk synthetic biology leadership council published a uk synthetic biology Strategic Plan in 2016,increasing focus on the processes of translation and *** 50 start-ups,SMEs and larger companies are actively engaged in synthetic biology in the uk,and inward investments are starting to *** these initiatives provide an important foundation for stimulating innovation,actively contributing to international research and development partnerships,and helping deliver useful benefits from synthetic biology in response to local and global needs and challenges.

关键词： synthetic biology Engineering biology Biodesign Roadmap Responsible Research and Innovation(RRI) Innovation and Knowledge Centre(IKC) synthetic biology leadership council(SBLC) Bioeconomy

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Beginning from the end:the presynaptic terminal as a pathomechanism hub in frontotemporal dementia and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第11期20卷 3217-3218页

作者： Laura Huggon Emma L.Clayton uk Dementia Research Institute at King’s College London LondonUK Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience Institute of Psychiatry Psychology&NeuroscienceKing’s College LondonLondonUK

Frontotemporal dementia and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis:Frontotemporal dementia(F T D)and amyo t rophic lateral sclerosis(ALS)are neurodegenerative diseases with significant overlapping *** these neurodegenerative diseases affect different neuronal populations(with FTD affecting neurons of the frontal and temporal lobes,and ALS affecting upper and lower motor neurons),these two diseases are complexly *** and ALS exist on a disease spectrum,with shared genetic causes,clinical presentations,and pathologies.

关键词： diseases amyotrophic sclerosis

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Improving the reaction mix of a Pichia pastoris cell-free system using a design of experiments approach to minimise experimental effort

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synthetic and Systems Biotechnology 2020年第3期5卷 137-144页

作者： Alex J.Spice Rochelle Aw Daniel G.Bracewell Karen M.Polizzi Department of Chemical Engineering Imperial College LondonLondonUK Imperial College Centre for synthetic biology Imperial College LondonUK Department of Biochemical Engineering University College LondonLondonUK

A renaissance in cell-free protein synthesis(CFPS)is underway,enabled by the acceleration and adoption of synthetic biology *** has emerged as a powerful platform technology for synthetic gene network design,biosensing and on-demand *** primarily of bacterial origin,cell-free extracts derived from a variety of host organisms have been explored,aiming to capitalise on cellular diversity and the advantageous properties associated with those ***,cell-free extracts produced from eukaryotes are often overlooked due to their relatively low yields,despite the potential for improved protein folding and posttranslational *** we describe further development of a Pichia pastoris cell-free platform,a widely used expression host in both academia and the biopharmaceutical *** a minimised Design of Experiments(DOE)approach,we were able to increase the productivity of the system by improving the composition of the complex reaction *** was achieved in a minimal number of experimental runs,within the constraints of the design and without the need for liquid-handling *** doing so,we were able to estimate the main effects impacting productivity in the system and increased the protein synthesis of firefly luciferase and the biopharmaceutical HSA by 4.8-fold and 3.5-fold,*** study highlights the ***-based cell-free system as a highly productive eukaryotic platform and displays the value of minimised DOE designs.

关键词： Cell-free protein synthesis Pichia pastoris synthetic biology Design of experiments(DOE)

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Protein construct optimization:data sharing strategy

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Protein & Cell 2012年第5期3卷 321-322页

作者： Karen M.Polizzi Rivka L.Isaacson Center for synthetic biology and Innovation Division of Molecular BiosciencesImperial College LondonLondon SW72AZUK Center for Structural biology Division of Molecular BiosciencesImperial College LondonLondon SW72AZUK

The British Medical Journal devoted its first issue of 2012 to the problem of unreported clinical trial data,highlighting the serious impact that incomplete information can have on world health(for an editorial summary see Lehman and Loder,2012).Adopted innovations in clinical intervention,inappro-priately based on only a subset of trial data,can,at best,prove uneconomical and,at worst,lead to large-scale patient *** its consequences may be most severe in medicine this problem applies to many scientific disciplines and we are now seeing a move towards greater transparency in data declaration.

关键词： subset consequences incomplete

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Current hypotheses for the evolution of sex and recombination

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Integrative Zoology 2012年第2期7卷 192-209页

作者： Matthew HARTFIELD Peter D.KEIGHTLEY Institute of Evolutionary biology University of EdinburghEdinburghUK

The evolution of sex is one of the most important and controversial problems in evolutionary *** sex is almost universal in higher animals and plants,its inherent costs have made its maintenance difficult to ex*** most famous of these is the twofold cost of males,which can greatly reduce the fecundity of a sexual population,compared to a population of asexual *** the past century,multiple hypotheses,along with experimental evidence to support these,have been put forward to explain widespread costly *** this review,we outline some of the most prominent theories,along with the experimental and observational evidence supporting ***,there have been 4 classes of theories:the ability of sex to fix multiple novel advantageous mutants(Fisher-Muller hypothesis);sex as a mechanism to stop the build-up of deleterious mutations in finite populations(Muller’s ratchet);recombination creating novel genotypes that can resist infection by parasites(Red Queen hypothesis);and the ability of sex to purge bad genomes if deleterious mutations act synergistically(mutational deterministic hypothesis).Current theoretical and experimental evidence seems to favor the hypothesis that sex breaks down selection interference between new mutants,or it acts as a mechanism to shuffle genotypes in order to repel parasitic ***,there is still a need to collect more data from natural populations and experimental studies,which can be used to test different hypotheses.

关键词： evolution of sex fitness-associated sex Hill-Robertson interference mutational deterministic hypothesis Red Queen hypothesis

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Social learning in nest-building birds watching live-streaming video demonstrators

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Integrative Zoology 2019年第2期14卷 204-213页

作者： Lauren M.GUILLETTE Susan D.HEALY School of biology University of St AndrewsSt AndrewsFifeUK

Determining the role that social learning plays in construction behaviors,such as nest building or tool manufacture,could be improved if more experimental control could be gained over the exact public information that is provided by the demonstrator,to the observing *** video playback allows the experimenter to choose what information is provided but will only be useful in determining the role of social learning if observers attend to,and learn from,videos in a manner that is similar to live *** goal of the current experiment was to test whether live-streamed video presentations of nest building by zebra finches Taeniopygia guttata would lead observers to copy the material choice demonstrated to ***,males that had not previously built a nest were given an initial preference test between materials of 2 *** observers then watched live-stream footage of a familiar demonstrator building a nest with material of the color that the observer did not *** this experience,observers were given the chance to build a nest with materials of the 2 *** two-thirds of the observer males preferred material of the demonstrated color after viewing the demonstrator build a nest with material of that color more than they had previously,their preference for the demonstrated material was not as strong as that of observers that had viewed live demonstrator builders in a previous *** results suggest researchers should proceed with caution before using video demonstration in tests of social learning.

关键词： construction behavior copying nest social learning video playback zebra finch

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Root symbionts： Powerful drivers of plant above- and belowground indirect defenses

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Insect Science 2017年第6期24卷 947-960页

作者： Sergio Rasmann Alison Bennett Arjen Biere Alison Karley Emilio Guerrieri Institute of biology University of Neuchatel Neuchatel Switzerland Department of Ecological Sciences James Hutton Institute Dundee UK Netherlands Institute of Ecology Wageningen the Netherlands Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection National Research Council of Italy Portici Italy

Soil microbial mutualists of plants, including mycorrhizal ftmgi, non- mycorrhizal fungi and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria, have been typically characterized for increasing nutrient acquisition and plant growth. More recently, soil microbes have also been shown to increase direct plant defense against above- and below- ground herbivores. Plants, however, do not only rely on direct defenses when attacked, but they can also recruit pest antagonists such as predators and parasitoids, both above and belowground, mainly via the release of volatile organic compounds （i.e., indirect defenses）. In this review, we illustrate the main features and effects of soil microbial mutualists of plants on plant indirect defenses and discuss possible applications within the framework of sustainable crop protection against root- and shoot-feeding arthropod pests. We indicate the main knowledge gaps and the future challenges to be addressed in the study and application of these rnultifaceted interactions.

关键词： arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi crop protection entomopathogenic nematodes plant growth promoting rhizobacteria Trichoderma

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Tale of mitochondria and mitochondria-associated ER membrane in patient-derived neuronal models of Wolfram syndrome

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2587-2588页

作者： Laetitia Aubry Timothy Barrett Sovan Sarkar I-STEM CECSCorbeil-EssonnesFrance UniversitéParis-Saclay Universitéd’EvryINSERMI-STEMUMR861Corbeil-EssonnesFrance Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences Institute of Biomedical ResearchCollege of Medical and Dental SciencesUniversity of BirminghamEdgbastonBirminghamUK Department of Endocrinology Birmingham Women’s and Children’s HospitalSteelhouse LaneBirminghamUK

Mitochondria and mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membrane in neurodegenerative diseases:Mitochondria generate most of the chemical energy needed to power the biochemical reactions of cells,and thus are often referred to as the"powerhouse"of the ***,this organelle is also involved in a pleth,ora of different cellular functions such as calcium(Ca^(2+))homeostasis,apoptosis,oxidative stress,and several metabolic pathways including oxidative phosphorylation,tricarboxylic acid cycle,andβ-oxidation of fatty acids.

关键词： oxidative cycle carboxylic

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High performance computing for flood simulation using Telemac based on hybrid MPI/OpenMP parallel programming

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International Journal of Modeling, Simulation, and Scientific Computing 2014年第4期5卷 242-254页

作者： Zhi Shang Science and Technology Facilities council Daresbury Laboratory Warrington WA44ADUK

Usually simulations on environment flood issues will face the scalability problem of large scale parallel *** plain parallel technique based on pure MPI is difficult to have a good scalability due to the large number of domain ***,the hybrid programming using MPI and OpenMP is introduced to deal with the issue of *** kind of parallel technique can give a full play to the strengths of MPI and *** the parallel computing,OpenMP is employed by its efficient fine grain parallel computing and MPI is used to perform the coarse grain parallel domain partitioning for data *** the tests,the hybrid MPI/OpenMP parallel programming was used to renovate the finite element solvers in the BIEF library of *** was found that the hybrid programming is able to provide helps for Telemac to deal with the scalability issue.

关键词： Flood Telemac OpenMP MPI hybrid programming finite element

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Screening of phenolic compounds in australian grown grapes and their potential antioxidant activities

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Food Bioscience 2022年第3期47卷 544-556页

作者： Gia Toan Vo Ziyao Liu Osbert Chou Biming Zhong Colin J.Barrow Frank R.Dunshea Hafiz A.R.Suleria School of Agriculture and Food Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural SciencesThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVIC3010Australia CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering biology Synthetic Biochemistry CenterShenzhen Institute of Synthetic BiologyShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen518055China Centre for Chemistry and Biotechnology School of Life and Environmental SciencesDeakin UniversityWaurn PondsVIC3217Australia Faculty of Biological Sciences The University of LeedsLeedsLS2 9JTUK

Grapes(Vitis Vinifera)are one of the world's most utilised and prized *** are a great source of antioxidants due to the abundance of phenolic *** pulp is the main part of the grape being *** pulp of five Australian grown grapes–Dawn Seedless(DS),Calmeria(CG),Golden Globe(GG),Menindee Seedless(MS),and Thompson Seedless(TS)will be qualitatively and quantitatively analysed for its phenolic composition and antioxidant *** general trend followed:GG>TS>MS>DS>CG,and the phenolic content of the pulp also presented a significant positive correlation with the antioxidant *** revealing the highest levels of TPC(4.31±0.11 mg GAE/g)and TFC(0.48±0.09 mg QE/g)while TS were highest in TTC(0.94±0.12 mg CE/g).Similarly,GG exhibited higher antioxidant capacity in DPPH(5.84±0.17 mg AAE/g),FRAP(4.91±0.14 mg AAE/g),and TAC(6.78±0.12 mg AAE/g),while TS revealed highest radical scavenging ability for ABTS(4.56±0.19 mg AAE/g).The LC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS tentatively identified 78 phenolic compounds consisting of flavonoids(36),phenolic acids(31),lignans(3),stilbenes(1),and other polyphenols(7)in five grapes *** most abundant fruit-based targeted polyphenols were *** had a higher phenolic concentration in HPLC-PDA quantification,particularly for phenolic acids(gallic acid and chlorogenic acid)and flavonoids(kaempferol).Our study provides relatively adequate information on grape pulp's phenolic content and antioxidant capacity,providing confidence and research prospects to promote grape pulp use in different food,pharmaceutical and supplement industries,and even influencing grape cultivation.

关键词： Australian grown grapes Phenolic compounds LC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS Antioxidant activity HPLC-PDA

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